KHÁNG NGUYÊN
B CH C U (HLA)Ạ Ầ
•Danh pháp:
-Ph c h hoà h p t ch c: ứ ệ ợ ổ ứ HLA.
-Locus gen ký hi u b ng ch cái: A,B,C,D ệ ằ ữ
d u n i đ c đi n vào gi a HLA ấ ố ượ ề ữ (HLA-A)
-Các ch s ký hi u, m i s đ ng sau ch ữ ố ệ ỗ ố ứ ữ
cái c a locus gen t ng ng ủ ươ ứ (HLA-A2).
-Đ i W thành w ch kháng nguyên ch a đ c ổ ỉ ư ượ
xác đ nh ị(HLA-Bw41).
-Phenotyp m t ng i ộ ườ (HLA-A1,2,B2,8,12).
Di truy n c a h ề ủ ệ
HLA
MHC Class I form a functional receptor on most
nucleated cells of the body.
There are 3 major and 3 minor MHC Class I
genes in HLA:
•HLA-A
•HLA-B
•HLA-C
•minor genes are HLA-E, HLA-F and HLA-G
•β2-microglobulin binds with major and minor
gene subunits to produce a heterodimer
expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells. Major MHC
Class II
•HLA-DP
oα-chain encoded by HLA-DPA1 locus
oβ-chain encoded by HLA-DPB1 locus
•HLA-DQ
oα-chain encoded by HLA-DQA1 locus
oβ-chain encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus
•HLA-DR
oα-chain encoded by HLA-DRA locus
o4 β-chains (only 3 possible per person), encoded by HLA-
DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5 loci
The Other MHC Class II proteins, DM and DO are used in the
internal processing of antigens, loading the antigenic peptides
generated from pathogens onto the HLA molecules of
antigen-presenting cell.