MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
AND TRAINING
VIETNAM ACADEMY
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
GRADUATE UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
-----------------------------------
Nguyen Van An
INVESTIGATION OF LASING EMISSION EFFECT AND
OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION IN THE CAVITY CONJUNCTED
WITH 1D, 2D PHOTONIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
Major: Materials for Optics Optoelectronics and Photonics
Code: 9 44 01 27
SUMMARY OF SCIENCE MATERIALS DOCTORAL THESIS
Hanoi – 2020
The thesis was completed at: Graduate University of Science and
Technology - Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology.
Supervisor 1: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ngo Quang Minh
Supervisor 2: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pham Van Hoi
Reviewer 1: …
Reviewer 2: …
Reviewer 3: ….
The thesis will be defended at Graduate University of Science and
Technology - Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology at ……,
…..........., 202….
The thesis could be found at:
- Library of Graduate University of Science and Technology
- National Library of Vietnam
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INTRODUCTION
1. The urgency of the thesis
The transmission of electromagnetic waves inside 1D-PhC was
first studied by Lord Rayleigh in 1887. In 1987, the research works
about 3D-PhC related to effect of the random emission prohibition in
PhC due to existence of PBG was published and proposed by E.
Yablonovitch and S. John [1,2]. From that, PhC has attracted the
special attention of the researchers in the field of using the new
structures based on PhC to conduct, transmit and control
electromagnetic waves as well as use electromagnetic waves to
information processing. The 2D-PhC controlled waveguide
properties, convergence on 2D surface and 1D-PhC fibers for single
mode lasers with high output power weve proposed by Birks in 1997
[3]. Until 1999, after O. Painter’s team succeeded in fabricating 2D-
PhC lasers with directional feedback distribution effects in the 2D-
PhC lattice structure [4], lasers based on photonic materials have
been promoted in research in photonic laboratories around the world.
The PhC’s cavities with different quasiperiodic lattices have been
studied by many groups by theoretical calculation, simulation and
experiment to fabricate them [5,6]. The 3D-PhC structure can control
the waveguide in 3D space, therefore it has great applicability in
micro-optical integrated circuits and ultra-low emission threshold
laser, the first 3D-PhC was fabricated by E. Yablonovitch in 1991
based on diamond nanoparticles distributed in organic glass lattice
[7]. The micro-resonant cavities with Whispering-Gallery-Mode
(WGM) give a (Q) high quality factor and small mode volume so
they have been used to decrease the laser emission threshold and
other nonlinear optical effects [8-10]. In addition, the micro-resonant
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cavities with WGM have also been widely used for many fields such
as quantum optic, quantum electrodynamics resonance and narrow
spectrum laser [11-13]. The microspherical laser with the size from a
few microns to several tens of microns is one of the photonic device
subjects that is most interested in research due to pump light and
emission laser have been strongly held in microsphere thanks to the
total reflection on inside surface of device, so ultra-low laser
emission threshold and ultra-narrow laser emission spectrum. The
optical micro-resonant lasers with features such as ultra-low laser
emission threshold, ultra-narrow spectral width, controlled the
number of emission modes depending on the structure of the micro-
resonance and the techniques to collect the emission signals from
micro-resonant cavity have become development research subjects of
photonic sensors for biochemical and environment with ultra-high
sensitivity [14-18]. Now, the research on optical micro-resonant
lasers in general and microspherical lasers, in particular, has given a
lot of new information on photonic physics and they are still very
active research subjects in the world [19-21].
In general, the research and fabrication of nano and micro-
photonic materials and devices in recent years in Vietnam has been
achieved many important results. The laboratory for fiber optic
applications and materials belong to Institute of Materials Science
has been successfully fabricated 1D-PhC structure and has
international publications as well as a number of PhDs successfully
defended their thesis about this research content including
experimental fabrication and related applications [22,23]; the
photonic sensors based on wavelength selection in 1D-PhC structure
fabricated from porous silicon multi-layer membranes were initially
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applied in equipments for measuring biochemical environments
[23,24]; the fiber optic devices with wavelength selection structure
based on FBG have been researched and developed for optical
communication networks and optical sensors [25,26],… With the
3D-PhC structure, the researchers have also successfully fabricated
spherical micro-resonant cavity lasers based on Er3+-doped silica-
alumina glass emitting 1550 nm region WGM modes for optical
communication and the visible region applied to sensors with rather
strong intensity, ultra-narrow spectrum width and controlled the
number of emission modes from micro-resonant cavity [27,28].
Besides, there are some research works on photonic devices based on
2D-PhC by simulation have achieved very positive results [29-32]
and opened up new research directions on photonic devices,
including optical amplification by experimental method combined
with simulation calculation.
On the basis of the PhC research results, coupling the micro-
resonant cavity with the PhC structure for laser emission is necessary
direction to demonstrate high orientation in integrated photonic
devices fabricated technology. To continue developing the research
direction of nano and micro-meter photonic structure, towards the
application in optical communication and sensors, we choose the
thesis topic with title: “Investigation of lasing emission effect and
optical amplification in the cavity conjuncted with 1D, 2D photonic
crystal structures”.
2. The objectives of the thesis
- Research, fabricate Er3+-doped silica glass microspheres with
different sizes by arc discharge method; building an experimental
system to investigate WGM mode laser emission spectrum in the
