i
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY
DUONG NGOC HONG
THE IMPACTS OF SUPPLY CHAIN SOCIAL
SUSTAINABILITY ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE,
MEDIATING ROLE OF SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION
THE CASE OF VIETNAM
Major : Business Administration
Code : 9340101
DISSERTATION
Academic Advisors:
1. Professor. Nguyen Dong Phong
2. Associate Professor. Bui Thanh Trang
Ho Chi Minh City – 2022
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... ii
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 3
1.1 Problem statement ............................................................................................. 3
1.1.1 Research background ................................................................................. 3
1.1.2 Overview of social sustainability in Vietnam ............................................ 5
1.2 Research gap ..................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Research objectives ......................................................................................... 10
1.4 Research questions .......................................................................................... 10
1.5 Research methodology and data collection..................................................... 11
1.6 Research contribution ..................................................................................... 12
1.6.1 Theoretical contributions ......................................................................... 12
1.6.2 Practical implications ............................................................................... 13
1.7 Research limitation ......................................................................................... 14
1.8 Research structure ........................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESES DEVELOPMENT .. 16
2.1 Current status of sustainable development in Vietnam .................................. 16
2.1.1 Vietnam’s 17 sustainable development goals .......................................... 16
2.1.2 The importance of sustainable development ............................................ 20
2.1.3 Supply chain sustainable development in Vietnam ................................. 21
2.2 A systematic review of recent literatures in the social sustainability domain 23
2.2.1 The systematic review process ................................................................. 23
2.2.2 A classification framework for analysis ................................................... 25
iii
2.2.3 Keyword analysis (co-occurrence) ........................................................... 31
2.3 Key concepts ................................................................................................... 37
2.3.1 Supply chain social sustainability ............................................................ 37
2.3.1.1 Sustainability ............................................................................................ 37
2.3.1.2 Social sustainability practices .................................................................. 38
2.3.2 Supply chain integration .......................................................................... 42
2.3.2.1 Internal integration ................................................................................... 42
2.3.2.2 Customer integration ................................................................................ 43
2.3.2.3 Supplier integration .................................................................................. 44
2.3.3 Supply chain risk management ................................................................ 45
2.3.4 Sustainable supply chain management..................................................... 47
2.3.4.1 Supply chain ............................................................................................. 47
2.3.4.2 Supply chain management ....................................................................... 48
2.3.4.3 Sustainable supply chain management..................................................... 49
2.3.5 Supply chain performance ........................................................................ 54
2.3.5.1 Supplier performance ............................................................................... 55
2.3.5.2 Customer performance ............................................................................. 55
2.4 Theoretical backgrounds ................................................................................. 56
2.4.1 Stakeholder theory view ........................................................................... 56
2.4.2 Dynamic capabilities view ....................................................................... 57
2.4.3 Stakeholder resource-based view ............................................................. 58
2.5 Hypotheses development ................................................................................ 60
2.6 Proposed research model ................................................................................ 68
CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................................... 69
3.1 Research process ............................................................................................. 69
iv
3.2 Pilot study ....................................................................................................... 71
3.2.1 Design questionnaire ................................................................................ 71
3.2.2 Cronbach’s Alpha testing ......................................................................... 73
3.3 Ethics in primary research .............................................................................. 83
3.3.1 The core principles of research ethics ...................................................... 83
3.3.2 The practices of research ethics ............................................................... 84
3.3.2.1 Research design ........................................................................................ 84
3.3.2.2 Research method ...................................................................................... 84
3.3.2.3 Incentives ................................................................................................. 85
3.3.2.4 Data collection.......................................................................................... 85
3.4 The main study ................................................................................................ 85
3.4.1 Sampling method...................................................................................... 85
3.4.2 Sample size ............................................................................................... 86
3.4.3 Participants and data collection ................................................................ 87
3.4.4 The quality of the research model ............................................................ 89
3.4.5 PLS-SEM ................................................................................................. 90
CHAPTER 4. DATA ANALYSIS, RESULTS, AND DISCUSSIONS .................... 100
4.1 Sample characteristics ................................................................................... 100
4.2 Descriptive statistics ..................................................................................... 102
4.3 Reliability and discriminant validity ............................................................. 104
4.3.1 First-order constructs ............................................................................. 105
4.3.2 Second-order constructs ......................................................................... 106
4.4 Common method bias ................................................................................... 113
4.5 Hypothesized model testing .......................................................................... 114
4.5.1 The repeated indicators approach ........................................................... 115
v
4.5.2 The two-stage approach ......................................................................... 118
4.6 The results of PLS-SEM ............................................................................... 120
4.6.1 Quality testing ........................................................................................ 120
4.6.2 The direct effects .................................................................................... 124
4.6.3 The mediation effects ............................................................................. 125
4.6.4 Control variables .................................................................................... 127
4.6.5 Multi-group analysis .............................................................................. 128
4.7 Summary results of hypotheses testing ......................................................... 134
4.8 Discussions.................................................................................................... 139
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ............................................ 147
5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 147
5.2 Theoretical contributions .............................................................................. 148
5.3 Practical implications .................................................................................... 151
5.3.1 Implications for managers ...................................................................... 151
5.3.2 Implications for policy-makers .............................................................. 152
5.4 Limitations and future research .................................................................... 154
PUBLICATION .......................................................................................................... 155
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 156
Appendix 1 ................................................................................................................. 183
Appendix 2 ................................................................................................................. 187
Appendix 3 ................................................................................................................. 189
Appendix 4 ................................................................................................................. 196
Appendix 5 ................................................................................................................. 200
Appendix 6 ................................................................................................................. 201