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DAY 12/18
PHẦN ĐỌC TOEFL ITP
I.DẠNG 1: TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA (16-18 CÂU)
II.DẠNG 2:TÌM TỪ THAY THẾ CHO ĐẠI TỪ (3-5 CÂU)
--Cách nhận biết: “refer to; can be replaced by ”
Example:
• The word “ they” in line 20 refer to?
• The word “ it” in line 25 can be replaced by?
--Cách làm:
B1: Đọc câu hỏi.
B2:Xác định vị trí nội dung hỏi trong bài.
B3:Phân tích công thức:
1. SV0 +TN+ It/they ……+V+0
2. TN +SV0 , It/they…..+V+0
3. SV0 . It/they……+V+0
4. SV0 ,(prep) Which (S) +V+0
5. Prep+ 0 ,SV0.Prep +ĐTTT ,SV0
6. SV0 +So That +It/they ………..+V+0
B4: Chọn đáp án giống với một trong những công thức trên.
( Chú ý: nếu phân tích mà không giống với những ct trên
➔
Bỏ qua,khoanh mẹo)
EXERCISE 2:
1.The High Street Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736 when it reached
from Front Street to Third.
-The word ‘it’ in line 1 can be replaced by?
A.way
B.High Street Market
C.period
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D.Street
2.As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century,it became
an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland.
- The word ’it’ in line 1 can be replaced by?
A.town
B.city
C.Philadelphia
D.Century
3.Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale,have not yet learned how to simulate the
natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild.They continue to look for better ways to increase egg
production and to improve chick survival rates.
-The word ‘they’ in line 2 can be replaced by ?
A.birds
B.people
C.aviculturists
D.eggs
4.The legislature gave the company the authority to erect tollgates at points along the road where
payment would be collected,though it carefully regulated the rates.
-The word ‘they’ in line 2 can be replaced by?
A.legislature
B.copany
C.authority
D.road
5.Many adults, poor and disillusioned with farm life,were lured to the cities by promises of steady
employment ,regular paycheck,increased access to goods and services,and expanded social
opportunities.Others were pushed there when new technologies made their labor cheap or wxpendable.
-The word ‘others’ in line 3 can be replaced by?
A.adults
B.payschecks
C.cities
D.life
6. Face masks are commonly used in rituals and performances. They not only hide the real face of the
mask wearer but they often evoke powerful emotions in the audience – danger, fear, sadness, joy.
- The word "they" in line 2 refers to
(A) masks
(B) rituals
(C) performances
(D) emotions
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III. DẠNG 3:TÌM THUẬT NGỮ ĐƯỢC ĐỊNH NGHĨA (1-3 CÂU)
--Cách nhận biết: “Term is (not) defined ”
Example: Which of the following terms is (not) defined in the passage?
--Cách làm:
B1: Đọc câu hỏi.
B2:Xác định vị trí nội dung hỏi trong bài.
B3: Phân tích công thức:
1. S,APP,V0 ; APP,SV0 ; SV0, APP
2. SV0 or 0 ; S+ be+0 ; S+ called +0
3. N,N ; N--N
4. N,N +TN+V0/Ved+prep ; N +which/that +be +0
B4: Chọn đáp án giống với một trong những công thức trên.
( Chú ý: nếu phân tích mà không giống với những ct trên
➔
Bỏ qua,khoanh mẹo)
EXERCISE 3:
Question1:
- Aviculturists,people who raise birds for commercial sale,have not yet leared how to simulate the
natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild.
- Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient nests of loosely arranged
sticks,rocks,or dirt are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting
material.
- In artificial incubation programs,aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots and
incubate them under laboratory conditions.
- Similary ,these boxes should be protected from direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are
also fatal to the growing embryo.
=> Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?
A.Aviculturists( line 1)
B.Gradient(line 8)
C.Incubation( line 15)
D.Embryo( line 24)
Question2:
- Most sources of illumination generate light over an appreciable period.
- A photographic emulsion, that is, a light-sensitive coating on photographic film, paper, or glass,
will, however, record much shorter bursts of light.
- A photographic flash can therefore be used to capture high-speed movement on film as well.
- That engulf the room in dense smoke and lead to pictures of dubious quality and odd poses.
→Which of the following phrases is defined in paragraph 1?
(A)”appreciable period”(line 1)
(B)”photographic emulsion”(line 3)
(C)”high-speed movement”(line 5)
(D)”odd poses”(line 11)
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IV.DẠNG4:TÌM THÔNG TIN (16-19 CÂU)
A.Tìm thông tin có trong bài
--Cách nhận biết: “According to the passage”
--Cách làm:
B1:Xác định câu hỏi và từ khóa( dựa và danh từ riêng và trạng từ chỉ thời gian để xác định nhanh)
B2:Xác định vị trí nội dung hỏi trong bài (phải đọc hết câu chứa nội dung hỏi)
• Nếu nội dung hỏi nằm ở đầu câu thì câu tìm nằm ở cuối câu và ngược lại
• Nếu nội dung hỏi nằm trọn vẹn trong một câu thì ta tìm câu trước hoặc câu sau.
• Nếu nội dung hỏi nằm ở cuối đoạn thì ta đọc câu trước đó.
B3:Tìm những từ là “Adj, N, Adv ,Prep ”trước và sau nội dung hỏi so với đáp án,đáp án nào giống nhất ta
chọn..
B.Tìm thông tin không có trong bài
--Cách nhận biết:
• which of the following…not ; All of the following…….except
• which….is not mentioned ; True………………exept
--Cách làm: Giống với 3 bước trên
Chú ý:
Nếu 3 đáp án xuất hiện ➔chọn đáp án không xuất hiện
Nếu cả 4 đáp án cùng xuất hiện ➔không làm
EXERCISE 4:
Questions 11-22:
Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned
how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue
to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates.
When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the
(5) nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion
of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This
temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can
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contribute to this temperature gradient. Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt
are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material.
(10) Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom
sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the
water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is
heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation
environment.
(15) In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots
and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat the
eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird's method of natural
incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability of the hatching chicks.
When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes outdoors
(20) to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after
eggs are laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to
act as insulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden
bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where
the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from
(25) direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo.
Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme
temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secureplace to rest.
13. According to paragraph 1, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are cooler than
the top, then ?
(A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation
(B) the embryo will not develop normally
(C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position.
(D) the incubation process is slowed down
15. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to ?
(A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest
(B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest
(C) keep the nest in a clean condition
(D) touch the bottom of the eggs
16. All of the following are part of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT ?
(A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the
(B) arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest
(C) transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell
(D) maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell
20. According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides ?
(A) a constant source of humidity
(B) a strong nest box
(C) more room for newly hatched chicks
(D) protection against cold weather