CHlTOfNG TRINH 224 - HIEN THlJC HOA UCfC MCf<br />
CUA NGl/dl NUOI TRONG THUY SAN HA TINH<br />
HAIXUAN<br />
<br />
Vdi muc tieu, diia nghe cac ^ vung<br />
NTTS phdt trien tlieo hiidng chuyen doi<br />
hdng hoa gdn vdi bdo ve moi sang NTTS deu<br />
triidng sinh thdi, bao dam san phat huy hieu<br />
xudt vd on dinh dbi sdng nhdn qua gap nhieu<br />
ddn, sau 10 ndm trien khai, lan so vdi trdng<br />
ChUcfng trmh phdt trien NTTS Ilia va lam<br />
giai doan 2000 - 2010 (gpi tdt Id mudi.<br />
chiidng trinh 224) dd hien tliiic Noi ^ bai<br />
hoa tide md ciia hang ngdn ho trong so' cac<br />
ddn Hd Tinh khi chuyen doi dd'i tffdng<br />
tren 3.000 ha dien tich dd't<br />
NTTS v l n lii<br />
hoang hoa, bdi bdi ven song,<br />
tdm khi san :•{.,<br />
dam lay... thdnh nliOng cdnh<br />
Iffdng nam<br />
dong nuoi thiiy san gid tri kinh<br />
2009 (dat 2.151<br />
tecao, gdp phdn chuyen dich cd<br />
tan) tang gap<br />
cdu kinh te, cd cd'u lao dong vd<br />
10 lan so vdi Thu hoach tdm tren viing nuoi diidc chiidng trinh<br />
ngdnh nghe nong thon.<br />
nam 2000, ddu td tai xd Ky Tlw (Ky Anh).<br />
ren cd sd nguon vd'n dffdc nang sua't tang Anh: P.V<br />
T phan bd den nam 2010 la<br />
130 ty dong, nganh Thuy<br />
san cu (nay la NN&PTNT) da<br />
gap 5 Ian (tff 2<br />
ta/ha len xap xi 1 tan/ha); binh<br />
quan mdi vu cac hp thu tren 60<br />
trieu post/nam, Iffdng torn dffdc<br />
san xua't va Udng dffdng dat 30<br />
- 40 trieu con/nam), 3 trai san<br />
chi dao cac dia phffdng hoan trieu ddng/ha, ca biet co nhieu<br />
thanh 75 dff an xay dffng he hp, doanh nghiep thu tff 300 - xua't gid'ng thuy san nffdc ngpt,<br />
thdng de bao, cong chinh cac 500 trieu ddng/ha. 40 diem ffdng ca gio'ng quy mo<br />
vung NTTS tap trung va cac hp (hang nam ffdng dffdng tren<br />
Cdng vdi md rong dien 30 trieu eon ca bot, 1-2 trieu ca<br />
chffdng tnnh KH&CN, khuyen tich, chu'dng trinh 224 con chii<br />
ngff kiem soat mdi trffdng va rd phi ddn tinh, 100-120 ta'n ca<br />
trpng dau tif 13 de tai nghien giong cac loai).<br />
quan ly dich benh. cffu khoa hoc, chuyen giao<br />
Sff tiep sffe cua KH&CN,<br />
Ben canh sff hd trd cua cdng nghe va ho trd xay dffng<br />
150 md hinh khuyen ngff, gdp cong tac khuye'n ngff, da giup<br />
Nha nffdc, cac dia phffdng da<br />
phan nhan rong cac doi tffdng cac hp nudi trdng chu dong ddi<br />
khuye'n khich, keu goi cac hp<br />
nudi mdi (ba ba, ca chinh, ca mdi, da dang hda hinh thffc<br />
dan dau tff gan 500 ty dong de<br />
hoan chinh cd sd ha tang cac ldc mdi tre, tdm the chan trang, nuoi nhff: nudi thuan va nudi<br />
vung nuoi. ca chem, vem xanh), ddng thdi xen ghep, nudi luan canh, nudi<br />
gia tang nang sua't, chat lu'dng tdng hdp theo phffdng thffc<br />
Tho'ng ke ciia nganh quang canh cai tie'n, ban tham<br />
NN&PTNT cho tha'y, trong 10 san pham nhff: de tai chuyen<br />
giao cong nghe sinh san nhan canh va tham canh.<br />
nam qua, toan tinh da cd tren 10 nam trien khai chffdng<br />
3.000 ha dien tich du'dc chuyen tao gid'ng dc hUdng, de tai sinh<br />
san tdm sii sach benh,^ de tai trinh cung la khoang thdi gian<br />
doi sang NTTS, trong'dd: tff da't ma thdi tie't, khi hau thay ddi,<br />
dam lay, hoang hoa, bai bdi sinh san nhSn tao gio'ng cua<br />
bien, de tai nghien cffu hoan ket hdp vdi bi dpng ve con<br />
ven song 1.750 ha, dat cat 600<br />
thien nudi ca vffdc tren sdng... gidng, ngudn nffdc, da lam cho<br />
ha, da't lam mud^i 120 ha, da't<br />
trdng coi 20 ha va da't khac 420 viec kiem soat mdi trffdng va<br />
He thdng sinh san, dich vu<br />
ha. Theo do, cd 256 trang trai dich benh cua ngffdi nudi trdng<br />
va quan ly chat Iffdng con<br />
NTTS cd quy md tff 2 ha trd trd nen khd khan hdn.<br />
gid'ng, thffc an cung dffdc<br />
len, 20 doanh nghiep va HTX chffdng trinh dau tff, ciing co'. De ban che den mffc tha'p<br />
NTTS dffdc ra ddi, keo theo do De'n n&y, tinh ta da co 3 trai nha't thiet hai cho ngffdi dan,<br />
la 26 ngan lao dong da trffc tie'p san xuat gid'ng thuy san man - chffdng trinh da hd trd nganh<br />
tham gia lam nghe. Hau het Id (quy mo moi trai tff 10 - 15 (Xem tiep trang 24)<br />
<br />
( sd KHOfl HOC & CONG NGHC Hft TINH (2^<br />
Chinh vi vay, xu hffdng quay trd lai nen Thdi gian qua, TT da thff nghiem ehe<br />
ndng nghiep hffu ed vdi viec tang cffdng sff dung pham d qui md nhd tai mdt sd dia phffdng nhff:<br />
che' pham sinh hpc, phan bdn hffu cd trong canh xa Sdn Quang - Hffdng Sdn; Phffdng Thach<br />
tac cay trdng dang la xu hffdng chung cua Viet Linh - Thanh phd Ha Tinh; xa Thach Van,<br />
Nam ndi rieng va the' gidi ndi ehung. huyen 'fhach Ha... Cac md hinh khao nghiem<br />
cd bd tri edng thffc dd'i chffng (khdng sff dung<br />
Ha Tinh la tinh ndng nghiep, vi the' vay<br />
chd pham), vdi ngudn nguyen lieu chinh de li<br />
nhu cau sff dung phan bdn trong san xua't ndng phan gdm: bdn khd, beo, rac, cae loai rdm ra,<br />
Iam nghiep la rat Idn. Mac dd vay tap quan .CO va phan chudng tffdi... Ke't qua cho tha'y khi<br />
ciia ngffdi dan Ha Tinh chii ye'u sff dung phan sff dung che' pham trong qua trinh u khdng cd<br />
bdn boa hpc. Viec sff dung phan bdn hffu cd mui hdi thd'i bay ra, nhin bang cam quan cac<br />
cdn ban ehe', bdi thdi gian u phan theo phffdng loai phe' thai thffc vat sau khi u hoai muc hdn<br />
phap truyen thd'ng phai ma't tff 50 - 60 ngay so vdi cdng thffc dd'i chffng. Sau u 20 - 25 ngay<br />
mdi cd phan hoai mue dam bao ky thuat de .la ed phan hoai de bdn (dd'i chffng la 55- 60<br />
bdn eho ddng rudng; cho nen, nhieu lue ngffdi ngay). Khi sff dung phan u cd sff dung chd<br />
dan phai bdn phan edn tffdi, chffa hoai muc... pham bdn cho eay trdng thi eay phat trien td't<br />
thdng qua con dffdng nay hp da vd tinh dffa hdn, it bi benh hdn. Dae biet sff dung chd<br />
cac mam benh, cac chiing nam, vi sinh cd hai pham de li da't hoac phan lam bau cho cay gd'c<br />
vao da't, gay nen mdt sd' benh hai nguy hiem ghep tai vffdn ffdm gid'ng cay an qua khi ra<br />
cho cay trdng... dSn de'n nang sua't, cha't Iffdng ngdi cay sinh trffdng nhanh, khdng bi nam<br />
va hieu qua kinh te' chffa cao. Chinh vi vay, benh hai (dd'i chffng cd mdt so' bau cay con hi<br />
viec san xua't va sff dung che' pham sinh hpc benh thd'i ed re).<br />
nham giai quye't td't van dd mdi trffdng ddng Qua nhan xet danh gia eiia cac hd dan deu<br />
thdi tao them ngudn phan bdn hffu cd d Ha khang dinh viec sff dung che' pham HATI-<br />
Tinh la viec lam thie't thffc hffu Ich, gdp phanMIC de u phan bdn cho cay trdng mang lai kdt<br />
cai tao da't; ban che' sff dung phan bdn hoa qua ra't kha quan. Sff dung che' pham HATI-<br />
hpc; tang hieu qua kinh te cho ngffdi dan. MIC giam thdi gian u phan (giam tren 30 ngay<br />
Dffdc sff dau tff eiia Bd Khoa hpc & Cdng so vdi each u thdng thffdng); ban ehe' mdi hoi<br />
nghe va Sd KHCN Ha Tinh thdng qua dff an thd'i trong qua trinh u do dd han che' dffdc tdn<br />
tha't dam hi mat mat, giup cay phat tridn td't.<br />
"Ung dung cdng nghe sinh hpc san xua't cae<br />
Ben canh dd tan dung dffdc ngudn phe' phu<br />
chd pham vi sinh phuc vu phat tridn kinh te'<br />
pham ndng nghiep, chat thai hffu cd... lam<br />
ndng nghiep ndng thdn Ha Tinh", Trung tam phan nham tie't kiem chi phi dau tff phan bdn<br />
I?ng Dung tie'n bd khoa hpc Cdng nghe (TT) eho ndng dan.<br />
hdp tae vdi Cdng ty cd phan cdng nghe vi sinh<br />
va mdi trffdng nghien cffu san xua't thanh edng Tren ed sd ke't qua da dat dffdc d mpt so'<br />
chd pham vi sinh xff ly cha't thai hffu ed, phd vung khao nghiem tren, ehung tdi manh dan<br />
phu pham ndng nghiep, than bdn lam phan khuyen cao ngffdi dan nen sff dung ehe'pham<br />
bdn hieu "HATI-MIC". HATI-MIC trong san xua't ndng nghiep. Mat<br />
khac de giup eho ngffdi tieu ddng dffdc sff<br />
Day la loai che'pham sinh hpc sff dung eac dung san pham ndng san khdng chffa eac dff<br />
chiing vi sinh vat hffu ich trong tff nhien nham Iffdng hoa chat ddc hai dam bao ve sinh an<br />
phan giai nhanh cac cha't hffu ed cd trong rac toan, dap ffng cae yeu cau ngay cang khat khe<br />
thai, phd thai ndng nghiep, eac loai mdn hffu eiia thi trffdng, nha't la trong bdi canh da't nffdc<br />
cd thanh cae chat dinh dffdng de tieu cho cay. ta dang thdi ky hdi nhap WTO thi viec ffng<br />
Thanh phan sinh hpc ehinh cua chd pham nay dung che pham HATI-MIC de xff ly chat thai<br />
ehii ye'u la eac chung loai vi sinh vat dffdc hffu cd, phe' phu pham ndng nghiep, than bdn<br />
phan lap tai cac vdng sinh thai cua Viet Nam Iam phan bdn la rat can thie't va la mdt hffdng<br />
nhff: Aspergillus oryzae. Bacillus subtilis. di phd hdp, va dam bao ldi Ich kinh te', mdi<br />
Bacillus lichenfomic, Lactobacillus sp vd trffdng.<br />
Saccharomyces cerevisiea. N.T.T.T<br />
<br />
2 2 ) SO KHOfl HOC Sl CONG NGHC Hfl TINH<br />
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