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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Carbon and phosphorus relations in and non-mycorrhizal pine seedlings"

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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Carbon and phosphorus relations in and non-mycorrhizal pine seedlings...

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Carbon and phosphorus relations in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal pine seedlings J.V.D. Rousseau C.P.P. Reid Department of Forestry, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL, U. S.A. Introduction greater biomass than did 150% non- grown under the mycorrhizal seedlings low phosphorus regime (LP-N) (Fig. 1a, Several physiological and developmental b). Mycorrhizal seedlings grown under the responses to mycorrhizal fungus inocula- low P regime (LP-M) also had a 75% tion and applied phosphorus were exam- greater photosynthetic rate, but less than ined to determine which responses were greater biomass than did the LP-N 30% similar to enhanced phosphorus nutrition seedlings. Mycorrhizal seedlings grown and which were more unique to the under the high phosphorus regime (HP-M) mycorrhizal association. showed no difference in photosynthetic rate over the HP-N seedlings. However, HP-M seedlings had 12% less biomass than HP-N seedlings. Materials and Methods The phosphorus content and foliar and fine-root P concentrations were, respec- Pinus taeda L. seedlings, initially grown for 10 tively, 8, 4 and 2 times greater in HP-N wk under low P conditions, were subjected to a than in LP-N seedlings (Fig. 1c, d, e). 2 x 2 factorial design of 2 P levels {0.1 and 10.0 11 of P) with and without inoculation of Piso- LP-M seedlings showed similar but less 91g lithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch. After dramatic increases over the LP-N seed- an additional 7 wk, photosynthesis by all seed- lings in P content and foliar P concen- lings was measured followed by harvesting and tration. However, there was a substantial determination of P content and dry weight of increase in the fine-root P concentration of foliage, stem and roots. the LP-M over the LP-N seedlings, even exceeding levels of the HP-N seedlings. For seedlings grown under high phos- Results phorus conditions, inoculation with mycor- rhizal fungus significantly increased the foliar P concentration. Non-mycorrhizal seedlings grown under the high phosphorus regime (HP-N) had a Mycorrhizal development, as measured 55% greater photosynthetic rate and by the percentage of short-roots infected,
100% for the LP-M The similarity of the photosynthetic rates seedlings was near and almost 80% for the HP-M of LP-M plants with HP-N and HP-M seedlings plants, without a concomitant increase in (Fig. 1 f). dry matter, may suggest a substantial respiration cost of the mycorrhizas. Mycorrhizal inoculation of seedlings Discussion and Conclusions grown with the high phosphorus fertilizer 1 ) only a small increase in regime caused: phosphorus content and concentration Mycorrhizal development in seedlings within the plant; 2) no change in photo- grown under low P conditions had a quali- synthetic rate; and 3) an actual 12% tative effect similar to adding phosphorus decrease in biomass. This biomass loss fertilizer to non-mycorrhizal plants for all by mycorrhizal plants may represent parameters examined. In quantitative increased respiration costs of the mycor- terms, adding high phosphorus had a far rhizal root system. greater effect than inoculation, with two important exceptions, photosynthesis and fine-root phosphorus concentration. The high level of fine-root phosphorus concen- References tration in mycorrhizal seedlings indicates that phosphorus was being preferentially Harley J.L. & McCready C.C. (1952) The up- stored in the mycorrhizal fungus, an idea take of phosphate by excised roots of the originally suggested by the biochemical beech. 11. Distribution of phosphorus between evidence of Harley and McCready (1952). host and fungus. New Phytol. 51, 343-348

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