Câu điều kiện và câu điều ước trong tiếng Anh

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Tài liệu cung cấp các kiến thức, khái niệm, phân loại của câu điền kiện và câu điều ước trong tiếng Anh. Bên cạnh đó còn kèm theo các bài tập để giúp các em vận dụng, ghi nhớ kiến thức dễ dàng, dề hiểu. mời các bạn cùng tham khảo tài liệu để nắm chắc kiến thức.

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Nội dung Text: Câu điều kiện và câu điều ước trong tiếng Anh

Câu điều kiện + câu điều ước I. Câu điều ước : gồm 3 loại 1.Điều kiện ko có thật ở tương lai: Động từ ở mệnh đề sau wish sẽ có dạng : S1 + wish + S2 + would/could + Verb hoặc were + [ verb+ing] Ex: We wish that you could come to the party tonight. 2.Điều kiện ko thể thực hiện đc ở hiện tại: S1 + wish + S2 + Ved ………. + were ………. Ex: I wish I had enough time to finish my homework. I wish I were a boy. 3.Điều kiện ko thể thực hiện đc ở quá khứ: S1 + wish(ed) + S2 + had + Vpt2 + could have + Vpt2 Ex: I wish that I had washed the clothes yesterday. She wishes that she could have been there. Lưu ý: Cần phân biệt wish (ước gì/mong muốn) với wish mang nghĩa "chúc" trong mẫu câu “ to wish sb smt”. Ex: I wish you a happy birthday. Và wish mang nghĩa "muốn": “To wish to do smt”(muốn làm gì) To wish smb to do smt (muốn ai làm gì) Ex: I wish to make a complaint. II. Câu điều kiện: gồm 3 loại 1. Câu điều kiện không có thật ở tương lai: If + Clause (hiện tại), Clause ( tương lai) Ex: If he comes, I will call you. 2. Câu điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại: If + Clause (quá khứ), I + would + Vinf Ex: If I had money, I would travel around the world. Lưu ý : nếu mệnh đề quá khứ chứa to be thì chia là “were” ở tất cả các ngôi.
Ex: If I were you, I would visit him. 3. Câu điều kiện không có thật ở quá khứ If + Clause (quá khứ hoàn thành), I + would + have + Vpt2. Ex: If he hadn’t put the coal in, the fire wouldn’t have gone out. III. Bài tập I. Rewrite the following using a WISH construction. 1. I’d like Bod to drive more rapidly  ............................................................. 2. I’m sorry our room dfoesn’t get any sun  ................................................... 3. It’s a pity he didn’t work harder during the course  .................................... 4. I’d like it to stop raining  ............................................................................ 5. It’s a pity you didn’t ask her how to open the box  .................................... 6. I’m sorry I haven’t got a canoe  .................................................................. 7. I’m sorry I can’t help  ................................................................................. 8. I’d like you to keep silent  .......................................................................... 9. I’m sorry that play tickets cost so much  .................................................... 10. I’m sorry we accepted the proposal  .......................................................... 11. I’m sorry he gets up so late  ...................................................................... 12. Taxi driver in fog : It’s a pity we don’t know where we are  .................... 13. It’s a pity we haven’t a knife  .................................................................... 14. I’m sorry I didn’t know you were staying  ................................................ 15. I’m sorry you spoke to Nam  ..................................................................... II. Select the correct completion 1. If I had a typewriter, I ...........................................it myself. a. typed b. would type c. typing 2. If I ................................his address I’d give it to you. a. knew b. known c. know 3. He ................................ a lot better if he shaved more often. a. looks b.would look c. looked 4. If you............................ for lower stakes you wouldn’t lose so much. a. played b. will play c. play 5. If Mr Brow worked more slowly he ..................... so many mistakes. a. wouldn’t make b. made c. makes 6. I shouldn’t drink that wine if I........................................you . a. am b. was c. were 7. More tourists would come to this country if it .............................................a better climate. a. have b. had c. having 8. If he were sent to prison you ..........................................him? a. visit b. would you visit c. visited
9. If someone ..................................you canoe what would you do with it? a. give b. gave c. will give 10. I ................................................shares in that company if I had some money. a. buy b. would buy c. bought 11. If she…………………..her windscreen she’d be able to see where she was going. a. cleaned b. is cleaning c. clean 12. If you drove your car into the river you……………………to get out? a. were able b. will you be able c. would you be able 13. If you ……………….to a union you couldn’t get a job. a. don’t belong b. aren’t belong c. didn’t belong 14.If I …………….. a big prize in a lottery I’d give up my job. a. win b. won c. would have won 15. What you …………………..if you found a burglar in your house ? a. would you do b. will you do c. did you do 16. I could tell you what this mean if I …………………… Greek. a. know b. knew c. would know 17. If everyone …………………..ten dollars I would have enough . a. give b. gave c. gives 18. Jack might get fat if he …………………..smoking. a. stop b. stopped c. stops 19. If these knew that is dangerous she ………………….. . a. wasn’t coming b. wouldn’t come c. didn’t come 20. If you…………………………. somebody drawing, what would you do? a. see b. saw c. seen 21. I ……………………….ruined if I bought her everything she asked for. a. will be b. am c. would / should be 22. If you slept under a mosquito net you …………………. bitten so often. a. wouldn’t be b. would be c. will be 23. I could get a good job easily if I …………………………….a degree. a. have b. had c. am having 24. If they ……………………..the sale of alcohol at football matches there might be less violence. a. ban b. banned c. were to ban 25. I ………………….to help if I thought I’d be any use. a. offer b. had offered c. would offered. III. Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc: 1) If I …………………(know) that you were ill, I …………………(go) to see you. 2) If she'd had enough, She……………....... (buy) a car. 3) I ………………………(buy) a car If you lend me some money. 4) I ………………..(see) him if I ………………………(go) to the party last night.
5) We could have gone out if the weather ……………….(not be) so bad. 6) If the book …………………..(not be ) expensive, I'll buy it. 7) You would be very surprised if he …………………………(return) 8) I'll go out if it ………………………(not rain) 9) They wouldn't come to the party if you……………………. (not invite) them 10) What you……………….. (do) if you ……………………..(be) him? IV. Viết lại câu dùng cấu trúc if 1) He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam. => If…………………………………………………………………………… 2) She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam. If……………………………………………………………………………… 3) He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car. => If…………………………………………………………………………. 4) He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough. => If…………………………………………………………………………. 5) She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party. => If………………………………………………………………………… 6) I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month. => If………………………………………………………………………… 7) He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy => If………………………………………………………………………… 8) We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have the right change. => If………………………………………………………………………… 9) Study hard or you won’t pass the exam. => If………………………………………………………………………… 10) Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes. If……………………………………………………………………………. V. Rewrite the following sentences, beginning wish “S + Wish ...” 1. I couldn’t go shopping with my mother. > I wish .................................................. .................................................. .. 2. I miss the cartoon on TV. > I wish .................................................. .................................................. .. 3. Lan cannot meet her friend. > She wishes .................................................. ............................................. 4. They don’t know how to speak Chinese. > They wish .................................................. ...............................................
5. Phong cannot win the championship. > He wishes .................................................. ............................................ 6. Their team don’t play well. > They wish .................................................. ….......................................... . 7. Lien never goes on a camping trip. > She wishes .................................................. ............................................ 8. Ba and Nam cannot join in the sightseeing tour. > They wish ................................................................................................ 9. Her sister doesn’t have a mobile phone. > She wishes ................................................ ............................................... 10. The students cannot leave for Ha Noi with the team. > They wish ............................................................................................... 11. She doesn’t get good marks. > She wishes .............................................. ................................................. 12. Phong doesn’t have a computer at home. > He wishes ............................................ .................................................. ... 13. Thu doesn’t have time to go to the movies with her friend. > She wishes .................................................. .............................................. 14. Her mother doesn’t buy her new clothes for Tet. > She wishes .................................................. .............................................. 15. The students never go abroad to visit their pen pals. > They wish ............................................................................................. ..... 16. I have to work tomorrow. > I wish .................................................. .................................................. .. 17. I’m sorry I don’t have a car. > I wish ............................................... .................................................. ..... 18. It’s a pity John won’t come to our party. > We wish .................................................. .................................................. 19. What a pity! Ha doesn’t get a chance to meet that famous singer. > She wishes .................................................. .............................................. 20. Tom is sorry that he will have to stay at home next Sunday. > He wishes ...................................................................................................