Detection of multiple antibodies and risk factor association of common respiratory viruses in the state of Punjab, India

Bovine respiratory infection is considered as most important factor of economic losses in dairy herds attributed through calf mortality and reduced performances. Most of the viral etiologies in respiratory infection go unnoticed due to supervene by secondary bacterial infection. Serological presence of antibodies reflects the distribution of infectious agents in herd(s) and may be helpful for designing the prevention strategies in future. The present study encompassed to determine the antibody seroprevalences by ELISA technique to more common viral respiratory agents like Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), Parainfluenza type-3 virus (PIV3) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and risk factors for animal level seropositivity in dairy animals. Herd level, animal level and zone wise risk factors were analyzed.