Diversity analysis of sesame lignans in 40 sesame collections in Tamil Nadu, India

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop possessing medicinal values and commonly cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical areas around the world. The therapeutic value of sesamum is attributed to lignans, a prime secondary metabolite. We used High Performance Liquid Chromatography to analyse the variation of sesame lignans especially sesamin and sesamolin, the major lignans from lignan family, in 40 sesame lines maintained in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu. HPLC results showed that sesamin, sesamolin and total lignan contents in sesame lines ranged from 0.08 to 2.58 mg/g, 0.28 to 2.52 and 0.49 to 4.55 mg/g, respectively. Among the 40 sesame lines 50% lines stayed in range 3 to 5 mg/g in total lignin content. On an average, sesame lines with brown and black seed coat colours had highest total lignan contents than yellow or white seed coat colour sesame lines. The correlation of variation between sesame lines with different seed coat colours ranked as yellow (69%) > black (35%) > brown (30%) > white (29%). This study emphasises the need to investigate variation in lignan contents in sesame seed lines to develop superior sesame genotypes.