Evaluating the results of kidney stone treatment by ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy without preoperative indwelling ureteral catheter

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is currently considered the gold standard surgery for most patients with staghorn kidney stones and kidney stones greater than 20 mm. The objective of this study is to evaluate the results of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy without preoperative indwelling ureteral catheter.