Heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria from activated sludge in DHS reactor for ammonium removal of natural rubber processing wastewater treatment

Two heterotrophic nitrifying bacterial strains, D2 and D7 were isolated from an activated sludge of sponges in a laboratory-scale downflow hanging sponge reactor. The aim of this work was to isolate heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria from DHS activated sludges and to determine the ammonium removal efficiency of NRPW using the isolates.