Improving mucosal anesthesia for awake endotracheal intubation with a novel method: A prospective, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial

Topical anesthesia is a crucial step in awake endotracheal intubation for providing favorable intubation conditions. The standard of care technique for awake intubation at our institution, which consists of oropharyngeal tetracaine spray, can result in inadequate mucosal anesthesia.