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Statement（说明）本文实际上是思科 BSCI（Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks）一书中第七单元（Configuring IS-IS Protocol）的读书笔记，目前有关 IS-IS 的中文资料较少，故整理此笔记以方便那些英文水平一般的网络技术工作者学习，因为本人也系 IS-IS 路由协议的初学者，故文中可能存在一些由于理解偏差而导致的错误，恳请朋友们不吝赐教。为了便于大家理解，本文在讲述 OSI 协议时将尽可能的将其与大家所熟知的 TCP/IP 协议进行比照，在讲述 IS-IS 路由协议时则尽可能的将其与 OSPF 路由协议进行比照，这也是 Cisco System BSCI Student Guide 一书中所采用的方法。本文可自由传播和使用，但请保留作者信息，请尊重我的劳动，谢谢！ ...

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IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéÖÎÄ½Ì³ v1.0 Chapter 0 Preface £¨µÚÁã ¥Ôª ÐòÑÔ£© Statement£¨ËµÃ÷£© ±¾ÎÄÊµ¼Ê ÉÏ ÊÇË¼¿Æ BSCI£¨ Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks£ © Ò » ÊéÖÐ µÚÆßµ¥Ôª £¨ Configuring IS-IS Protocol£©µÄ¶ÁÊé± ¼Ç£¬Ä¿°ÓÐ¹Ø IS-IS µÄÖÐ ÎÄ×ÊÁÏ½ÉÙ£¬¹ÕûÀí´Ë±¼Ç ÒÔ·½±ãÄÇÐ©Ó¢ÎË®Æ»°µÍøÂç¼Êõ¹¤×÷ÕßÑ§Ï£¬òª¾È² IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéµÄ³õÑ§Õß£¬ ¹ÊÎÄÖÐ¿ÉÜ´æÔÚÒ»©ÓÀí½âÆ«²î¶øµ¼Âó£¬ÇëÅÑÃÁßÍÌ¡ ÎªÁË±ãÓÚ´ó¼ÒÀí½â£¬ ±¾ ÎÄÔÚ½²Êö OSI Ð-ÒéÊ±½«¾¡¿ÉÄÜµÆäÓë´ó¼ËùìÖª TCP/IP Ð- Òé½øÐ±ÈÕ£¬ÔÚ²Êö IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéÊ±Ôò¾¡¿ÄÜµ½«Æäë OSPF Â·ÓÉÐ-Òé½ø±ÈÕ£¬â² ÊÇ Cisco System BSCI Student Guide Ò»ÊéÖÐËù²ÉÓÃµÄ·½¨¡£ ±¾ÎÄ¿É×ÔÓ´«²¥ºÍÊ¹Ã£¬µÇëÁô÷ÕßÐÅÏ¢ðÖØÒÀ¶¯»¡ Outline£¨Ìá¸Ù£© 1¡¢ OSI Ð-ÒéºÍ IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-Òé¼ò½ 2¡¢ IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-Òé¹¤×÷ÔÀí 3¡¢ Í¨¹ý¼¯³ÉµÄ IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéÊµÏÖ IP Óë OSI Ð-ÒéµÄÂ·ÓÉ 4¡¢ ¼¯³ÉµÄ IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéÅäÖÃë¹Ê About author£¨¹ØÓÚ×÷Õß£© Climber£¨µÇ·å£© from Changchun City£¬ Jilin Prov. Surf on the net for six years£¬ Wander regularly in the cisco forum of netease Discussion is welcome! e-mail:tiejun@163.net or climbmount@163.com Deeply appreciated my secretary for her help! ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺ ¡ª£±
Chapter 1 Introduction to OSI Protocol £¨µÚÒ» ¥Ôª OSI Ð-Òé¼ò½£© ISO Óë OSI ISO£¨ International Organization for Standardization£© ¹ú¼Ê±ê×»¯éÖÒÂÁ¦ÓÚ¸÷ìòµÄ ¼Ê±ê×µÄÖÆ¶¨£¬ ´ó¼ÒËùÊìÖªµÄ OSI£¨ Open System Interconnection£© Æß²ãÍøÂç Ä£ÐÍ¾ÊÇ ISO Õë ¶Ô¶à³§ ÉÌÍø Âç²úÆ· »¥Áª Ê±µÄ¼æ ÈÝÐÔ ÎÊÌâÖÆ ¶¨µÄ ÍøÂçÍ¨ Ñ¶Ð- Òé±ê×¼ £¬ÏÖ ½ñµÄ»¥ ÁªÍø »ù ÓÚ TCP/IP Ð-Òé¹½¨£¬ ¶ø TCP/IP Ð-ÒéºÍÆäËüµÄÓÃÚ¿ª·ÅÊ½øÂç»Ñù£¬ ¶¼ÊÇ»ùÓÚ OSI ÍøÂç Ä£ÐÍ¹½¨µ¡ ISO ³ýÁË¹ ½¨ÁË OSI Æß²ãÍøÂçÄ£ÐÕâÒ»±ê×¼¬ »¹Í¬ ITU-T£¨¹ú¼ÊµçÐÅÁªÃË±ê×é£© ¹ ÏëºÍÊµÖÁËÒ»¸ö¬ÑùÃûÎª OSI µÄ¾ß ÌåµÄÍøÂçÐ-Òé¡£ ¿ÉÏ§ÔÚÕâ ¸ö TCP/IP Ð- Òé»Í³ÌìÏÂµÄÊ±´ú£¬ OSI ÍøÂçÐ-Òé»ù±¾ÃÓ¦¡£ TCP/IP Ð- ÒéÏàËÆ£¬ Í¬ OSI Ð-Òé²¢»ÊÇÔ×ÓµÄ£¬ËüÃ¿ãÖ¶¼°ºíàÅÌØ¨¹¦Ü Ð-Òé£¬ OSI Ð- Òé²ÉÓÃÌåÏµ»¯ £¨»ò²ã´Î¯ Hierarchical£© ±àÖ·£¬ ÎÒ ÃÇÄÜ¹ý NSAP Network Service £¨ Access Point£©À´Ñ°Ö· OSI ÍøÂçÖÐ´¦ÓÚ«Êä²ãµÄ¸÷·þÎñ£¬ËüÀàÆ TCP/IP Ð-ÒéÖµÄ IP µØ Ö· +¶Ë¿ÚºÅ¡£ ÏÂÃæÎÒ ÇÀ´ÁË½â »Ð©ÊõÓï£º ES£¨ End system£©¶ËÏµÍ³£¬Ã»ÓÐÂ·ÉÄÜÁ¦¨Æ¡°Êý¾Ýü×ª¢±¸Çøç½Úã IS£¨ Intermediate System£©ÖÐ¼äÏµÍ³£¬ÓÊý¾Ý°ü×ª·¢ÄÜÁ¦øÂç½Úã´ÉÆ÷¡ Area ÇøÓò£¬ÉÒ»×éÁÐµÄÂ·Æ÷¡¢ÖúºÍ½ËüÃç´³ÊÌå Domain Óò£¬ÉÒ»×éÏà¥Á½µÄ Area ×é³É¡£ £¨ ºÇ£¬ »¹ÊÇÓ¢ÎÄ½²µÃº£¬ Area ºÍ Domain ·-³ÉÖÐÎÄÒ¶¼²»ªµÀÔõÃ´ÇøÁË£¬ ×¢Òâ£º ºóÃæµÄ ÐðÊöÖ£¬ÎÒÓÃÇøò´ú±í Area£¬ÓÃò´ú±í Domain£© ÆäÊµÕâÀïÃæ Domain Ïàµ±ÓÚ´«Í³Ä×ÔÖÎÁË£¬ Area Óë OSPF µÄ Area ÏàËÆ £¨×¢ÒâÊÇÏàËÆ© £¬ ES ¾ÍÊÇÖ÷»ú £¬´ó¼ÒÖªµÀÂ·ÓÉ»°ãÃ÷úÊ²ÕâïÇÑùÄ ES Óë IS Ö®¼ä¹Ø ÏµºÜ¼ò µ¥¡£ ¡ª£²
²»ÓÃÎÒËµÄãÖªÀÕâ¸ö illustrate ÊÇ² Ã´ÁË°É£¿Ê²Ì«¸ÔÓ»¹ØÏµ¬ ÆäÊµ½ÓÏÂÀ´ÎÒÃÇÖ» »á½²µÍøÂçãÀïÃæÄÒ¶«Î÷£¬ ONLY the portion around with red block£¬ Ì¤ÊµÁË°É£¡ »¹ÊÇ¼¸ ö õÓï£º CLNS Connectionless Network Service ÎÞÁ¬½ÓÍøÂç·þñ CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol ÎÞÁ¬½ÓÍøÂçÐ-Òé CMNS Connection-Mode Network Service Á¬½ÓÄ£ÊÍøÂç·þÎñ CONP Connection-Oriented Network Protocol ÃæÏòÁ¬½ÓÍøÂçÐ-Òé Ïë TCP/IP Ð-Òé£¬Óµã¶®ÁË°É¿Ç½¸öÏà±Ú TCP£¬ºóÁ½¸öÏàµ±ÓÚ UDP£¬ OSI ¾ÍÊÇ¨¹ý CLNP ÊµÏÖ CLNS£¬Í¨¹ý CONP ÊµÏÖ CMNS£¬ºÇ£ÓÐµãÈÆ×ì¡ ÔÙ¿´Í¼£¬ ÓÖÐµãÔÎ£¬ »-´íÁË£¿ÃÓÐ¬ OSI ¾ÍÊÇÔÚøÂç²ãµÏÖÄÕâÁ½·þÎñ£¬ ÕâÑùÀ´Ëµ£¬ CLNP Ïàµ±ÓÚ IP ÁË£¬ CONP ¾ÍÏàµ±ÓÚ¿ÉÄ IP °É£¬ºÇ¡ Èç¹ûÄã²»ÖªµÀÊÃ´ÇæÏòÁ¬½Ó£ÎÞ×îºÍÂ¥¿ TCP/IP µÄÖªÊ¶¡£ ºÃÁË£¬ÏÖÔÚ ÄãÓÖ¿ÉÒÔÍü µôÒ»Ð©¶«Î÷ ÁË£¬ÎÒÃÇÏÂ ÃæÒª½²µÄ¶« Î÷Ö»ºÍ CLNP ÓÐ¹Ø£¬Ã»´íÖ CLNP ÔÚ½»Êý¾Ý±ÒÀµ routing protocols ¹½¨µÄÂ· ÓÉ±í£¬ CONP ÒÀ¿ X.25 Ð-ÒéµÄÖ¼Ì¹¦Ü ÊµÏÖÁ´Â·Ä½¨¢¡±£³ÓëÕ¹ OK£¬ ÐÝÏ¢Ò» »á¶ù£¬ ÎüÑÌµÄÈ¥ì¨£¬ ºÈË®µÄ½ØÏÂÊÒ£¬ È¥ John ¼ÒµÄ ´ò¿ª°»§ÌøÏÂÈ¥¾ÍÉÒÔÁË£¡ ¡ª£³
Chapter 2 Basic IS-IS Routing Protocol £¨µÚ¶þ ¥Ôª »ù±¾µÄ IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-Òé£© IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéÖµÄ ÅÏ¢·ÎªË¼¶£º 1¡¢ Level-0 ÚÔæ´ ÚÓ ES Óë IS Ö®¼ä£¬ ×¼È·µÄ½²»ËãÂÓÉÐ-Òé£¬ ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÔ³ÆËüª Discovery Protocol ·¢ÏÖÐ-Òé£¬ÀàËÆÓÚ TCP/IP ÍøÂçÖÐµÄ ARP µØÖ·½âÊÍÐ-Òé¡£ 2¡¢ Level-1 ´æ ÔÚÓÍ¬Ò»ÇøòÄµ¶àÌ¨Â·ÉÆ÷Ö®¼ä£ ÓÃÚÊµÏÖÇøòÄÂ·É£¬ ÀàËÆÓÚ OSPF µÄÓò ÄÚÂ·ÓÉ£¨ O£© ¡£ 3¡¢ Level-2 ´æ ÔÚÓÍ¬Ò»òÄµ¶àÌ¨Â·ÉÆ÷Ö®¼ä£ ÓÃÚÊµÏÖòÄÂ·É£¬ ÀàËÆÓÚ OSPF µÄÓò¼äÂ· ÓÉ£¨ O IA£© ¡£ 4¡¢ Level-3 ´æÔÚÓ²»Í¬µÄòÖ®¼ä£ÀàËÆ TCP/IP ÍøÂçÖÐÓÉ BGP ÊµÏÖÄ AS ¼äÂ·ÓÉ¡£ ºóÃæµÄ²¿·ÖÎÒÇ»áØã½éÉÜ Level-1 ºÍ Level-2¡£ OSI ÍøÂçÖÐ¿ÉÒÔ²ÓÃµÄÈýÂ·Ð-Òé£º 1¡¢ IS-IS£¬±¾ ÎÄµºËÐÚÈÝ£¬ü³ýÁª OSI Ð-Òé ¹½¨Â·ÓÉ±íÍâ£¬»¿ÒÔÎª TCP/IP Ð- Òé¹½¨ Â·ÓÉ±í£¬µÈ»Ò²¿Ô¹¤×÷Ú Dual Mode£¬ÍÊ±ÎªÁ½ÖøÂçÐ-ÒéÌá¹©·þñ¡£ 2¡¢ ISO-IGRP£¬ ÊÇË¼¿ÆÎª CLNS£¨¼´ OSI Ð-Òé£¬ ÒÔÏÂ½ÊÇ£¬ ÒòÎª OSI Ð-ÒéÖµÄ CLNS Ó¦Ã Â· ÓÉ±í×ª·¢Êý¾Ý¡£ £©Éè¼ÆµÄÂ·ÓÐ-Òé¡ 3¡¢ Static CLNS routes£¬ OSI µÄ¾²Ì¬Â·ÓÉ£ TCP/IP µÄ Static route ¾-³£Ð´°É¿ ºÜÉÙÓÃ£¿ÄÇã¦ ¸ÃÒÑ¾-»òÊÇ¼´½«Í¨¹ý LAB ÁË°É¡£ ÏÂÃæÎÒ ÇÀ´±È½ » ¼¯³ÉµÄ IS-IS Óë OSPF IS-IS Óë OSPF ¶¼ÊÇÁ´Â·×Ì¬ÐÍÓÉÑ¡Ôñ-Òé£ ¾ù²É ÓÃ SPF Ëã·¨ À´¹½¨Â·ÓÉ±í£¬ µ«ÊÇ¾Í TCP/IP Â·ÓÉ¶øÑÔ£¬Ú´óµÄÍç»¾³ÖÐ IS-IS µÄÐÔÜÓÅÚ OSPF£¬ÕâÒ² ÕýÊÇ´ó¶àµÄ ISP ¶¼²É ÓÃ IS-IS ¶ø²»ÊÇ OSPF ×÷Îª¹Ç¸ÉÂ·ÓÐ-ÒéµÄÔò£¬Ëù¿ìÑ§°¡ OSPF Â·ÓÉÐ- ÒéÇøÓòµÄ·Ö½çãÔÚÂÉÆ÷®Ï£¬ ABR Í¬Ê±ôÓÚ ¶à¸öÇøÓò£¬ IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ- ÒéµÄÇø Óò·Ö½çµãÔÚÁ´Â®ÉÏ£¬Ã¿¸öÆ÷¹Ì¶¨ÊôÄ³Ò»Çø¡ OSPF Â·ÓÉÐ- ÒéÔÚ¶àÇøÓòµÄ»·¾³ÏÂªÐ Backbone£¨¹Ç¸É£© ÇøÓò£¬ ÇÒªóËùÓÐ·¹¸Éøòë ¸ÉÇøÓòÖ±½ÏàÁ¬£¨·ñÔÒªÍ¹ý Virtual-Link ´ò²¹¶¡£© £¬ IS-IS ÔÚÉè¼ÆÏÃ»ÓÐÕâÒªÇó¡£ OSPF Â·ÓÉÐ- ÒéÖÐ LSA£¨ Á´Â·×Ì¬Í¨¸æ£©Êý¾Ý°ü½Ï¶à IS-IS Â·ÓÉÐ-ÒéÖÃ¿¸öÆ÷ÔÚÇøò ÄÚÖ»·¢ËÍÒ¸ö LSA Êý¾Ý°ü¡£ OSPF ÓÐÒ»© IS-IS Ëù²»¾ß±¸µÄÌØÐÔ£ºê¼ÇÂ·ÓÉ¬©½Úøò¡¢Í Demand Circuit µÈ¡£ OSI Address£¨ OSI ±àÖ·£© ¡ª£´
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