Một số lỗi chuyển di khi sử dụng kiểu câu so sánh trong Tiếng Việt của sinh viên Trung Quốc

s i 5 (247)-2016<br /> <br /> NG6N NGC & Bin S6NG<br /> <br /> M p T S 6 L 6 l CHUYEN DI<br /> KHI SU* DyNG KIEU CAU SO SANH<br /> TRONG TIENG VIET CUA SINH VIEN TRUNG QUOC<br /> SOME TRANSFERENCE ERRORS OF CHINESE STUDENTS IN USING<br /> VIETNAMESE COMPARATIVE SENTENCES<br /> D A O THJ V A N<br /> (PGS.TS; D^i hpc Sir pham, DH Thdi NguySn)<br /> D I | : P THANH KHitT<br /> (ThS; Dai hpc Sir ph^m, DH Thdi Nguyen)<br /> Abstract: In this paper, we mention three types, including the errors of the wrong position of<br /> comparative words, tiie error of using comparative words and the error of using comparative<br /> objects which are not suitable with Vietnamese culture and speaking habits.<br /> Key words: Vietnamese language; Chinese language; comparative sentences; transference.<br /> 1. D$tvSndl<br /> l.h Khi hpc ngogi ngft (L2\ ngudi hpc<br /> thudng mdc l5i khd da dgng, nhu mdc iSi phat<br /> dm, mdc loi diing tft hay ddt cdu,...Cd nhilu<br /> nguySn nhdn khiln ngudi hpc mdc loi sft dyng<br /> L2, song ldi do chuyln di tft ngdn ngft thft<br /> nhit (Ll - ngdn ngft md ngudi hpc da thdng<br /> thgo vd thudng xuySn sft dung dl giao tilp) Id<br /> mpt trong nhiing nguySn nhdn quan trpng.<br /> Chuyin di ngon «g£f la hifn tupng ngudi<br /> hpc sft dyng nhiing hieu bilt nen tdng vl Ll<br /> dl dp dyng vdo viec ndi, vilt L2. Chuyen di<br /> ngdn ngft cd tbi theo hudng tich eye vd cung<br /> cd thi theo hudng tiSu cue: Nlu Ll vd L2<br /> cdng cd nhieu n^t tuong ding thi ngudi hpc<br /> cdng dl tilp can L2 bdi vipc chuyln di dupe<br /> chip nhdn d L2. Dd la hifn tupng chuyen di<br /> tich eye vd ngudi hpc sS it mdc l5i khi sft<br /> dyng L2. Ngupc Igi, nlu Ll vd L2 cd sy khdc<br /> bipt thi vife chuyen di thudng gdy ra loi vi<br /> vipc chuyen di dd khdng dupe chip nhgn d<br /> L2. Ddy Id sy chuy8n ditieueye.<br /> Bdi viet ndy bdn den mpt si kilu loi viet<br /> cdu so sdnh tiing Vift cua sinh vien Hpc vifn<br /> Vdn Son, Vdn Nam, Trung QuIc do chuyen<br /> di tifiu eye tft Ll (tieng Hdn) sang L2 (tieng<br /> Vift).<br /> 1.2. Cung nhu cdc ngdn ngft khdc, tieng<br /> Vift vd tieng Hdn dlu sft dyng kilu cdu so<br /> <br /> sdnh dl chi ra sy tuang ding hay khdc bif t<br /> gifta cdc sy vgt, hipn tupng cdn dii chieu.<br /> Nhin mpt cdch khdi qudt, cdu so sdnh trong<br /> tiing Vift vd trong tieng Hdn cd nhilu diem<br /> ding nhit, song vl chi tilt ehiing vln cd<br /> nhftng sy Wide bipt, nhm khdc nhau vl vi tri<br /> cdc thdnh to trong cdu tnic so sdnh, khdc nhau<br /> vl ngft nghia ciia tft so sanh hay cdch lya chpn<br /> dii tupng so sdnh,.. .Chinh sy khdc nhau ndy<br /> Id mdt trong nhftng nguydn nhan din din loi<br /> viet cdu so sdnh ti&ig Vift cda ngufiri Trung<br /> Quoc ndi chung, cua sinh viSn Hpc vifn Vdn<br /> Son, Vdn Nam Trung QuIc ndi ri&ig (SY).<br /> Ddy chinh Id kilu l5i chuyln ditiSueye tft Ll<br /> nhu dd ndi d trdn.<br /> 2. Khao sdt cy the<br /> Theo dieu tra bude ddu cda chiing tdi, cd<br /> ba kilu loi ve cau so sanh tiing Vift md SV<br /> thudng mdc do chuyln di tft Ll, do Id: 1/Cdu<br /> so sdnh diing sai vi tri cdc thdnh to trong cdu<br /> tnic; 2/Cdu so sdnh mdc loi ve ddng tft so<br /> sdnh; 3/Cdu so sdnh mdc loi sft dyng doi<br /> tupng so sdnh (khdng phu hpp vdn hda hay<br /> cdch ndi efta ngirdi Vift).<br /> 2.1, Cdu so sdnh mdc ldi do d^ sai Vf tri<br /> cm mpt ho^c mgt so thdnh tS trong cdu tr&c<br /> so sdnh<br /> Ddy la kilu l5i md ngudi vilt da dgt mdt<br /> ho$c mpt so thdnh to trong ciu tnic so sdhh<br /> khdng dung vi tri thdng thudng theo cdch ndi<br /> <br /> N G 6 N N G C & pen S 6 N G<br /> <br /> S I S (247)-2016<br /> <br /> ciia ngirdi Vift khien cho cdu trd nen vd nghTa<br /> Nhin vdo md hinh cau tnic so sdnh trong<br /> ho|c ma hi vl nghia.<br /> hai ngdn ngft vd cdc vi dy minh hpa dan tren<br /> d dgng day du nhit, cau so sdnh trong cd till dl ddng nhdn thiy sy khdc bift gifta<br /> tiing Vift va trong tiing Hdn dlu dupe ciu chiing Id d vj tri efta thdnh tl /. Trong tieng<br /> tao bdi 4 thdnh to, do la: ddi tugng dugrc so Han, thdnh tl chi phuong difn so sdnh (t)<br /> sdnh - cdi dupe so sanh (A), phuang dien so diing sau tft so sdnh (tss) vd tft chi dii tupng<br /> sdnh (t), tu so sdnh (tss) vd ddi tugng so sdnh so sdnh (B); cdn tit)ng tiing Vift, thdnh tl t<br /> - cai so sdnh (B). Tu lifu dilu tra efta chiing lai diing trudc tft ngft so sdnh vd tft ngft chi<br /> tdi cho thiy, cdu so sdnh tiing Vift mdc l5i dii tupng so sdnh.<br /> kilu ndy thudng do ngudi vilt da ddt sai vi tri<br /> Theo thdi quen su dyng Ll, ngirdi Trung<br /> thanh to chi phuong difn so sdnh (t) trong cau Quoc thudng chuyen di may mdc cau tnic so<br /> tnic so sdnh. Dudi ddy la nhiing kilu cau so sanh nay ciia tiing Hdn sang cdu triic so sdnh<br /> sdnh tiong tiing Vift ma SVHWS tiiudng ciia tiing Vift cd nghia tuong duong vd do dd<br /> mdc l3i d§t sai vi tri thdnh tl chi phuong dif n dan den loi.<br /> so sdnh;<br /> Dudi day Id mft si cdu so sanh tiing Vift<br /> (i) Kiiu cdu so sdnh dong nhdt: Cdu. so mdc l5i d^t sai vi tri thanh tl / md chiing tdi da<br /> sdnh ddng nhit Id kilu cdu so sdnh giiia thong kd dupe tft sinh vien Trung QuIc hpc<br /> nhiing sy vat, hifn tupng cd cdc d§e dim, ehuygn ngdnh Tieng Vift d Hpc vifn Vdn<br /> tiiudc tinh gilng nhau. Kieu cau ndy tiong Son, Van Nam, Trung Quoc. Vi dy 3;<br /> tieng Vift cd nhilu logi nhung thudng cd md<br /> 3a. Anh ay hem tgi_ ego. (Tnrong Sieu,<br /> Wnh khai qudt Id: A+t + tss+B hay A + kit KIO) -»• Loi chuyen di tu ; -ftfe tb ic ]^<br /> ta (kt) + B + t + tss; cdn trong tiing Hdn, [A+tss+ B+t].<br /> kieu cau nay Igi thudng cd md hinh la: A+tss<br /> 3b. Anh dy hon tdi ldm ffdi. (Duong<br /> + B + thoacA+£S(kt)+B + tss + L Vidy Khang, K9)-> Lii chuyln di til ;_^ bh ^<br /> 1: so sdnh:<br /> fli^^^[A+tss+B+t].<br /> 3c. Cuon sdch ndy vd cudn sdch kia nhu<br /> la. V: Thuong Hdi dm hon Bdc Kinh.<br /> nhau day —> L5i chuyen di tft : i i ^ ^ ^ £|<br /> A<br /> t tss<br /> B<br /> M:^^ — # i¥ [A+kt+B+tss+t].<br /> H: ± i ^ bb jbM mm.<br /> Cdc vi dy vira din eho thay, ngudi viet dd<br /> A tss B t<br /> dimg bit thudng vi tri cua tft chi phuang difn<br /> lb. V: Anhta den mudn hon tdi<br /> so sdnh (t) trong cau true so sdnh ciia tieng<br /> At<br /> tss B<br /> Vift nhung lai dong nhdt md hinh ciu tnic so<br /> H: jtm^mM^^"<br /> sdnh binhtiiudngcua tiing Hdn, dd Id; A + tss<br /> A tss B t<br /> + B + t/A + kt + B + tss + t. Ndi cdch khdc,<br /> Vidy 2;<br /> cdc cau so sdnh tiing Vift mic loi ma sinh<br /> 2a.V: Chiic xe ndy mdi nhu chiec xe kia. vidn Trung Quoc viet d ddy Id do chuyen di tii<br /> A<br /> t tss<br /> B<br /> cau tnic ciia cau so sdnh ding nghia tiong<br /> tiing Hdn.<br /> H: iffi^^ II IffiSfelll M<br /> Cac cau so sdnh tieng Vift mdc loi trong<br /> A<br /> kt<br /> B<br /> tss t<br /> vl dy 3 x6t vl ngft nghia cd h^ loai: kiiu so<br /> 2.b. V;<br /> Cdn nhd ndy vd cdn nhd kia to bdng nhau.sdnh han (cdu 3a,b) va kiiu so sdnh tuong lu<br /> (cau 3c). Dii vdi cdu 3a,b (kilu cau so sdnh<br /> A<br /> gt<br /> B<br /> t SS<br /> han) neu muln trd thanh cdu diing thi phSi<br /> H:mM±M Mmm^ -m ±<br /> chuyln thanh to t len trudc thdnh to tss va<br /> A<br /> kt B<br /> tss t<br /> <br /> So 5 (247)-2016<br /> <br /> NG6N NGCT & Dcn S6NG<br /> <br /> thdnh tl B theo md hinh^ + t + tss +B hodc<br /> chuyln B Idn trudc A vd tss nhung trudc B<br /> phdi cd kit tft va sau B phdi cd diu phay,<br /> dong thdi tiianh to t vln phai dftng trudc tss<br /> theo md hinh: kt + B+A + t+ tss.<br /> Doi vdi cau 3c - kilu cau so sdnh tuong ty,<br /> chua loi cdu ndy chi cin chuyln thanh to / ISn<br /> trudc thanh tl tss vd thdnh tl B cho phd hpp<br /> vdi md hinh cdu tnic so sdnh cua tiing Vift<br /> (ii) Kiiu cdu so sdnh df bi$t hon tuy$t ddi<br /> ditng sai vf tri thdnh td t<br /> Ngodi kilu cau so sdnh ding nhit mdc l6i<br /> ddt sai vi tri thdnh td t, cdn cd kieu cdu so<br /> sdnh di bift tuyft ddi cung thudng bj<br /> SVHWS vilt mic loi dat sai vi tii thanh to t<br /> do chuyen di tft tiing Hdn. Vi dy 4:<br /> 4.a.7'd/ nhdt thich bai. (Ducmg Bhih, K49)<br /> -> Loi chuyln di tft: Ife :S ^^m^% [tss+t].<br /> ^.h.Trong ldp ta, bgn Hoa nhdt xinh. (Tilu<br /> Mai, K9) -> Loi chuyln di tii ; WtM,<br /> H<br /> ^ S ?I^[tss+t].<br /> Hai cau mdc l3i d vf dy 4 Id do chuyln di<br /> tft kieu cau so sdnh di bipt hon tuyft ddi trong<br /> tieng Han cd diing tft so sanh M de dien dat.<br /> Vdi kieu cdu so sdnh nay, thdnh to tss (M.)<br /> bao gid eiing dftng trudc thanh to t.<br /> Cd thi ndi, do khdng ndm dupe ciu tnic<br /> so sdnh cua tieng Vift, SVHWS dd chuyln<br /> di mdt so ciu tnic so sdnh eftatiengHdn sang<br /> tieng Viet din din ldi nhu da phdntich.Ddy<br /> Id mft kieu loi khd diln hinh md ngudi Trung<br /> Qudc thudng mdc khi ndi/viet cau so sdnh<br /> tiing Vift Keo theo l5i dung sai vi tri thdnh<br /> to chi phuong dien so sdnh (t) trong cdu tnic<br /> so sdnh Id lli dungtiianhtl tss vd thdnh tl B<br /> khdng theo md hinh chung efta cau tnic so<br /> sdnh tiing Vift.<br /> 2.2. Cdu so sdnh mdc ldi dung tur so sdnh<br /> (tss)<br /> Cdu so sdnh mdc loi ve tft so sdnh md<br /> SVHWS vilt thudng Id cau sft dyng nhdm<br /> tft so sdnh ddng nghXa/gdn nghia khdng dung<br /> hodc diing thiia tft so sdnh.<br /> <br /> Tieng Vift vd tiing Hdn gilng nhau d cho<br /> Id deu cd mpt hf tiling tu so sanh chuydn<br /> dyng dl dien dat y nghia so sdnh. Vl ca ban,<br /> ngft nghia vd cdch diing cua nhdm tft ndy<br /> trong hai ngdn ngft gidng nhau. Tuy nhien,<br /> chiing cung cd mpt vdi net khdc bift.<br /> Thu nhdt, trong tiing Hdn cd nhiing tu so<br /> sdnh da nghia, tuong duong vdi mpt so tft so<br /> sdnh cuatiengVift. Ching ban, tft — # trong<br /> tieng Hdn mang y nghia tuong ling vdi cac tft<br /> so sdnh; tuang tu, gidng nhau hoac bdng nhau<br /> tixmgtiingVift. VI dy 5:<br /> <br /> 5a.nmi^^-m n±^^mm(j6iya<br /> bgn gidng nhau, deu dang sing d Vift Nam).<br /> <br /> 5h.^T^u^imm.^mA-m (Anhiy<br /> nditiengHan gidng nhu ngudi Trung QuIc).<br /> Sc.PnJfnr^psr^—^W (Hd vd Linh ndng<br /> bdng nhau).<br /> 5d. a 6 < J # ^ | a # 6 < J — # (Chieu cao ciia<br /> tdi bdng chilu cao cua bgn).<br /> Tft ^ # trong vl dy 5a,b bjeu thi y nghia<br /> tieang tu, giong nhau, cdn trong vi dy 5c,d<br /> bilu thi -^ nghia bdng nhau.<br /> Tha hai, mpt si c^p tft so sdnh trong tiing<br /> Hdn cd tft ngft chi ddi tupng so sanh xen vdo<br /> gifta. VI dy 6;<br /> 6a. % ^jtfe — ^ S j ^ l i l i (TdiflilehvS<br /> tss B tss<br /> giong CO ay)<br /> 6.b. ^ h ^M. 1 1 ^ H (Mat trdn nhu<br /> tss B tss<br /> quatdo)<br /> Chhih nhftng sy khdc nhau ndy Id mft<br /> trong nhiing nguyen nhdn gdy lii sft dyng hf<br /> thing tft so sdnh trong tiing Vift ciia ngudi<br /> Trung QuIc. Sy khdc bift thft nhit thudng<br /> din den loi sft dyng nhom tft so sdnh ddng<br /> nghia; sy khae bift thft hai thudng dan din loi<br /> diing thiia tft so sdnh.<br /> Thu ba, loi sft dyng nhdm tft so sdnh ding<br /> nghia, gan nghia: Chiing tdi da thong ke duoc<br /> 26/100 em SVHWS mdc l5i dftng tir so sdnh<br /> <br /> 10<br /> <br /> NGON N G f & D 6 1 S 6 N G<br /> <br /> S I 5 (247)-2016<br /> <br /> 8c. Qua nfti ndy gilng qua nui que tdi nhu<br /> tiongtiingVift do khdng phdn bift dupe mft<br /> so tft so sdnh ding nghia/gan nghia. Vi dy 7: nhau dep. (Trucmg Min, K9) -> LSi chuyln<br /> 7a. 715/ va bgn dy bdng nhau diu thich hgc<br /> Ngodi loi dftng thfta tft so sdnh, cdc cdu<br /> tiing Vi?t. Oudng Minh Cue, K9).<br /> 7.b. Cdn nhd ndy vd cdn nhd kia giong nhautrong vl dy 8 cdn mic loi dat sai vi tri cua tir<br /> ehi phuong difn so sanh.<br /> to. (La Quang Lan, K9).<br /> 3. C&u so sdnh mdc ldi ditng thdnh tS chi<br /> 7c. Bgn dy vd m? bgn dy trdng nhu nhau.<br /> Si tw0ie so sdnh (B)<br /> (LyHftng,k9).<br /> Cd thi noi, doi vdi kilu so sdnh tu tft, vifc<br /> Ngodi ldi diing sai vi tri cua thanh to / lya chpn doi tupng so sdnh If thufc vdo y<br /> trong cau tnic so sdnh, cdc cdu trong vf dy 7 dinh chft quan vd cdi tdi sft dyng ngdn ngft<br /> con mic loi dftng tft so sdnh do ngudi viet cua ngudi ndi/vilt. Dieu dd cung cd nghia Id<br /> khdng phan bift dupe cdc tft ddng nghia nhu vifc lya chpn doi tupng so sdnh Id mpt cdng<br /> nhau, gidng nhau, bang nhauttongtiingVift.vifc khd tu do doi vdi ngudi sft dyng ciu tiiic<br /> Tuong ftng vdi cdu tnic so sdnh A +t + so sdnh. Song cung cin phdi ndi ngay ring,<br /> nhu/gidng/bdng + B Uong tiing Vift trong m§c du cd nhftng ty do nhit dinh trong vifc<br /> tiing Hdn cd cdc cdu tnic, nhu: 1?S ...'^W',^ lya chpn dii tupng so sdnh nhung khdng vi<br /> ...—^. Cac tft nhu nhau, giong, giong nhau,thi md ngudi sft dyng ngdn ngft khdng c6<br /> chut rdng buf e ndo.<br /> bdng nhau tiong tiing Vift chi tuong duong<br /> Vifc lua chpn ddi tupng so sdnh trudc het<br /> vdi mpt tft trongtiengHdn la tft — ^ nhu ndi<br /> phy thufc vdo nen vdn hda cua cfng dong sic<br /> d trdn. Ngudi Trung Quoc thudng khdng phdn<br /> dyng ngdn ngft; thft niia Id phy thupc vao thdi<br /> bift dupe nhftng tft ddng nghia ndy din den quen ciia cf ng ding sft dyng ngdn ngii,<br /> nhim lln khi diing chiing.<br /> Khdng tuan thu nhiing dilu ndy, ngirdi<br /> ndi/viet dl bi mdc lii. Dudi ddy Id mft si kilu<br /> Tha tu, loi dimg thiia tft so sdnh; Trong lli sft dyng thdnh td chi doi tupng so sdnh<br /> tieng Hdn ed nhiing tft so sanh dong nghia trong cdu so sdnh tiing Vift cua SVHWS:<br /> hodc gdn nghia ludn di vdi nhau thdnh cdp de<br /> (i) Ddi tugng so sdnh dimg Ididngphii hgp<br /> dien dgt y nghia so sdnh, kilu nhu: ^...~W; vdi vdn hda cua nguoi Vi$t<br /> S6..—#, v.v. Cdc tft so sdnh trong nhung c§p<br /> Nhu da phdntichd trdn, cdu so sdnh trong<br /> tft ndy deu cd nghia Id gidng, nhu, gidng nhu tieng Viet vdtiengHan cd nhiing chitiltkhk<br /> hodc nhu nhau hay bdng nhau. Nhu vay, tiengnhau. Sy khdc nhau nay khdng chi vl phuong<br /> Hdn chip nhfin trong mft cdu tin t^ hai td dien ciu tnic md cdn d cd phucmg difn nghia.<br /> Ching hgn, ciing midu td cdi xiu vl ngo?i<br /> ddng nghia hodc gan nghia; cdn trong tieng<br /> Vift Igi khdng chip nh§n sy du thira ndy. VI hinh ciia mft phy nft, ngudi Vift cd the n6i<br /> ngudi<br /> dd (A) "xau nhu ma", "xau nhu Thi<br /> v^y, khi ngudi Trung Quoc dich mdy moc cau<br /> No",...song ngutt Hdn lai chi diing dupe<br /> tnic so sanh cd cdp tft so sdnh ddng nghia ndi<br /> cdch ndi tiiu nhit, bdi vi nhdn vdt Thi N6<br /> tren sangtiengViet thudng bi mdc loi thira tft. khdng cd trong tilm thftc eua ngudi Trung<br /> Vi du 8:<br /> QuIc. Ndi cdch khac, ngudi Trung Qudc chua<br /> H.a.Trudng cua chung tdi gidng trudng cuacd tri thuc nSn vl TM Nd nen khdng thi chpn<br /> cdc ban nhu nhau fo.(Duang Kigu, k9) —> Loi Thi Nd ldm dii tupng so sdnh.<br /> chuyln di tir: l ^ i f ] ^ « 2 ^ # 1 f ] ^ ^ - # ^ .<br /> Ciing phdi ndi them ring, khi vilt cdu so<br /> 8b. Toi gidng anh dy nhu nhau sardn (Md, sdnh tieng Vift, vifc khdng chpn doi tupng<br /> Ngpc Bich, K9). —> Loi chuyen di tft ; ^M ndo dd lam doi tupng so sdnh dotiiieutri thiic<br /> <br /> Sl 5 (247)-2016<br /> <br /> NG6N NGtr& D6ri S6NG<br /> <br /> nen khdng phdi la loi nhimg nlu lya chpn doi<br /> tupng so sdnh khdng phft hpp vdn hda cua<br /> ngudi Vift sd la cdu mdc l5i. Vi dy 9;<br /> Bo em khoe nhu trdu. (Vi Xuan Tieu,<br /> K9).<br /> Ngirdi Vift cd thi vl ai do (A) "khde nhu<br /> trau" nhung khdng vi nhftng b ^ tdn kinh, bd<br /> trdn cua minh vdi con trdu, bdi tiieo 3^ thftc<br /> cua ngudi Vift, dd Id loai vdt cd thdn ph§n<br /> thdp hSn. Ngupc lai, ngudi Trung Quoc cd thi<br /> so sdnh nhu vay vdi mpi dii tupng vi khi ndi<br /> din loai trau bd, hp thudng chi nghieng vl y<br /> nghi dd la nhiing lorn dfng vdt cd sftc khde,<br /> vd ai dd khde mgnh thi dupe vi nhu chiing.<br /> L6i chpn dii tupng so sdnh nhu cau trong vi<br /> du 9 Id iSi chuyln di ngdn ngft - van hda.<br /> (ii)L3i sft dyng dii tupng so sdnh khdng<br /> phft hpp each ndi cua ngudi Viet. Vi dy 10:<br /> 10a.Cd ay litn nhu con quay (con cu) —»<br /> Lii chuyln di tft:<br /> t&^^M—W^.<br /> 10b. Cay nhu kim chdm. —»Lii chuyln di<br /> tft: Wtin^rM.<br /> 10c. Im nhunOt—* Loi chuyen di tft: ?5il<br /> 10d.Co gido nhu cdynin. -^ Loi chuyln di<br /> <br /> tir;^!JMm<br /> <br /> lOe. Cd dy mgt trdn nhu qud tdo. -* Loi<br /> chuyln di<br /> tir;<br /> mm^^^^~Wm.<br /> Vifc chpn dii tupng so sdnh khdng quen<br /> thufc vdi cdch ndi ciia ngudi Vift nhu vfta<br /> dan thyc ra khdng hdn la iSi nhung cui^ it<br /> nhilu ldm cho ngudi nghe/doc edmtiidysy<br /> • bdt thudng trong cdch ndi. Vi thi, chung tdi<br /> i tgm cho cdch dftng doi tupng so sanh khdng<br /> gidng cdch ndi cua ngudi Vift nay ciing la<br /> ' mft kieu loi.<br /> ^ 3. Kit lu^n<br /> '<br /> Cdu so sdnh Id mft kilu cdu dupe diing<br /> , quen thupc trong cdc ngdn ngft ndi chung<br /> ciing nhu trong tieng Vift va tiing Han ndi<br /> H neng.<br /> ii<br /> <br /> 11<br /> <br /> Cdu so sanh trong tiing Vift vdtiengHdn<br /> cd nhieu dilm ddng nhit, song ciing cd khdng<br /> ft nhftng dilm khdc bift, nhu: khdc bift vl vj<br /> tri ciia cae thdnh t l trong cdu tnic so sdnh;<br /> khdc bift vl phuong thftc so sdnh, each dftng<br /> he thing tft so sdnh chuydn dung hay k h ^<br /> bift vl cdch lya chpn, sft dung dii tupng so<br /> sanh, v.v.<br /> Chinh nhftng dilm khdc bift gifta cdu so<br /> sanh tiong hai thu tiing ndi tren Id mft trong<br /> nhftng nguydn nhdn din din Ili sft dung kilu<br /> cau so sdnhtiengVift efta ngudi Trung Quoc<br /> ndi ehung, ciia sinh vien Hpc vifn Vdn Son<br /> ndi rieng. £>ftng tft gdc nhin ciia chiln lupc<br /> hpc tdp/tri nhdn, ddy Id kilu iSi chuyln di tft<br /> Ll.<br /> Cau so sdnh tiing Vift md SVHWS vilt<br /> mdc loi do chuyen di tft Ll cd nhieu kieu. Bm<br /> vilt ndy ehi bdn din ba kieu cdu so sdnh tiing<br /> Vift mdc lii, d6 Id: cdu so sdnh mdc loi dat sai<br /> vi tri cua tft chi phucmg difn so sdnh, cdu so<br /> sdnh mic loi diing tft so sdnh vd cdu so sdnh<br /> mic loi sft dyng dii tupng so sdnh khdng phft<br /> hpp vdi vdn hda hay cdch ndi ciia ngudi Vift.<br /> TAI LI|:U THAM KHAO CHINH<br /> 1. L6 Xdo Binh (2004), Ldi cua nguai<br /> Trung Quoc hgc tieng Vi$t nhin ta gdc dg<br /> xuyen vdn hda, Lugn vdn Thac si Ngft vdn.<br /> 2. Do Minh Hdng (2007), Ldi nga phdp<br /> tiing Anh thudng ggp cua ngudi Vi$t Nam,<br /> Lufn dn Tien si Ngft v3n.<br /> 3. Nguyin Vdn Khang (2012), Ngdn ngu<br /> hgc xd hgi, Nxb Gido dye. Ha Npi.<br /> 4. Difp Thanh Khilt (2013), Ddi chiiu cdu<br /> true so sdnh trong tieng Vi$t vd tieng Hdn,<br /> Lugn vdn Thgc si Ngdn ngft.<br /> 5. Nguyin Thi Lich (2001), Cdu true so<br /> sdnh trong tiing Vi$t, Tgp ehi Ngdn ngft, sd 7.<br /> 6. Hodng Phe (chu bien) (2001), Ta diin<br /> tiing Vi$t, Vifn Ngdn ngft hpc, Nxb Da Ndng.<br /> 7. Cft Dhih Tu (2001), Phong edch hgc vd<br /> dgc diim tu tu tieng Vi^t, Nxb Gido dye. Ha<br /> Ndi.<br /> <br />