Removal and extraction efciency of Quaternary ammonium herbicides paraquat (PQ) from aqueous solution by ketoenol– pyrazole receptor functionalized silica hybrid adsorbent (SiNPz)

Pesticides and herbicides have been used extensively in agricultural practices to control pests and increase crop yields. Paraquat (PQT2+, 1,1-dimethyl-4,4-dipyridinium chloride) is one of the herbicide that belois classifed as bipyridines and is used over the world.