SHRIMP CULTURE ON THE RICEFARMING

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Sciential name is Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man 1879), it is big size, export objects economic value higher revenue. In the world, many authors have been researched and developed since 1995 with the highest yield of shrimp farming in China (New 2005). Production in China was more than 1,000 tons in 1993 and 90,000 tons in 2002 (and Weimin Xianping 2002). The global annual production of freshwater prawns (excluding crayfish and crabs) in 2003 was about 280,000 tons, of which China produced some 180,000 tons, followed by India and Thailand with some 35,000 tons each. Additionally, China produced about 370,000 tons of Chinese river crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Species of freshwater...

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Nội dung Text: SHRIMP CULTURE ON THE RICEFARMING

TAY DO UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF APPLIED AND BIOLOGY --------------------------------------- SPECIAL SUBJECT : SHRIMP CULTURE ON THE RICE- FARMING. (GIANT FRESHWATER PRAWNS ) CLASS : AQUACULTURE COURSE 2 GROUP : 2 Can Tho city 3 - 2010
I . INTRODUCTION: Sciential name is Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man 1879), it is big size, export objects economic value higher revenue. In the world, many authors have been researched and developed since 1995 with the highest yield of shrimp farming in China (New 2005). Production in China was more than 1,000 tons in 1993 and 90,000 tons in 2002 (and Weimin Xianping 2002). The global annual production of freshwater prawns (excluding crayfish and crabs) in 2003 was about 280,000 tons, of which China produced some 180,000 tons, followed by India and Thailand with some 35,000 tons each. Additionally, China produced about 370,000 tons of Chinese river crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Species of freshwater shrimp farming in ponds are land .giant freshwater farming are many different forms, but the rate of productivity and life of shrimp farming in the same way is not stable. In Thailand, giant freshwater in rice fields by artificial seed (seed size from 4.5 to 4.8 cm and 1.25 breeding density drop shrimp/m2) yield 370 kg / ha (Janssen, 1998). In Taiwan, Macrobrachium is cultured in intensive pond, with average productivity gains of 2.5 - 3 tons/ha. For the U.S., the average productivity of intensive giant freshwater farming in cement tanks ranges from May 4 - 4.8 tons/ha. In Mekong Delta in Viet Nam, Agriculture accounts for 83% of the total area of the region. Productivity shrimp farming in rice fields in rotation O Mon, Can Tho rate reached 34.3%, average yield 672 kg/ha, highest 815 kg/ha. II. RICE- SHRIMP FARMING PRACTICES: 1. Field structure : There are two types of rice-shrimp farming. They are: rotation and intermixture.
L1 : width of about 1,2-1,5m. L2 : width of about 2,5-3m. H1 : hight water about 20-40cm. H2 : hight under canal about 80-100cm. 2.Site selection : - Soil conditions should retain water, not contaminated with alum. - Not affected by industrial waste water and dirty water. - A system of canals, rivers for water supply well into the breeding services - Taken from (ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, etc..). The more important consideration is quality and quantity water. - The factor of environment (pH , O2 , to , etc..). 3. Seed: - Same size, healthy, move fast. - Bright colors, not dirty beard, body not red, or pink, white opaque, white or black spots. - Gut full of food (brown along the back). 4. Density & seed stocking : - Size shrimp usually 50-10 grams/fish. - Density: + Alternative farming: 0.5-2 individuals/m2 + Rotation: 6- 12 individuals/m2 - Stocking in the early morning or the cool afternoon. -To put shrimp-bag in the water about 20-30 minutes before stocking shrimp over water.
5. Feed and Feeding : - Feed for shrimp is natural food: zooplankton, algea, snail, etc... We can add foodpellet, tiny shrimp, etc.. - With low density, not feeding only fertilized to development of natural food. - When shrimp grew up (after 3 months), can add industrial food such as Proconco, KP 90 or CP. Price average about 250.000-300.000VND. 6. Care and manager : - Shrimp in rice fields need care and management because it is closely related to the crop of rice. - Regular exchange of water. Note: to, pH, O2, fertilizer, pesticide, etc... - It is necessary to maintain an adequate phytoplankton density, to provide cover andcontrol the growth of weeds in freshwater prawn ponds. This is done by encouraging the growth of phytoplankton. Where necessary, 25 kg/ha/month of triple superphosphate (Na3PO4) will keep the water green. 7. Harvesting : Shrimp is often harvested about 4-5 months since stocking or can be harvested by removing all the shrimp to lay down the deep ditch, pull nets and shrimp can be started manually remove. - Size: 30-40 shrimps/kg . - Production reached an average of 350-800 kg / ha /harvest or sometimes over 1 ton/ha /harvest custom models. - Price about 100.000 -150.000 VND/kg. - The consumer market is large. III . ADVANTAGES AND DISAVANGES: 1. Advantages : -Mekong Delta has very large potential of development. -To take full advantages of area. -To improve environment of rice farming. -To increase income. -Level-growing techniques are improved, the means industrialization-modernization has been applied to production models. 2. Disadvantages : - Season and number of season has no uniformity. - Density-raising too high, households have more than 10 shrimp/m2.
- To depend on kind of rice. - Using so much pestide effect shrimp. IV. SUGGESTION: - Good source of seed-management area. - Management closely-food, drug chemicals. =>same source initiative. - Time-management service, stocking for each region depending on the weather, especially temperature, salinity in farming areas. - In addition to bringing the role of socialization in the work of environmental protection lr special environmental protection for the benefit of communities shrimp. - Shrimp is stocked after sow rice a month ago. - Strengthening fishery extension. References : 1. REPRODUCTIVE MECHANISMS IN THE GIANT FRESHWATER PRAWN, MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII AND COOPERATIVE RESEARCH TO IMPROVE SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MEKONG DELTA REGION OF VIETNAM .
2.Rice-Shrimp Farming in the Seawater Intrusion Zone of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Do Quang Tien Vuong and C. Kwei Lin 2001. 3. Kỹ thuật nuôi tôm sú luân canh với lúa, Sở Thủy sản Trà Vinh 2005 . ------------------------------THE END---------------------------