Values-based orientations as a formation factor of the social responsibility of the professional community

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The article presents the results of a study of the value orientations of specialists with higher education working in the region and representing such professional communities as IT specialists, mechanical engineers, food technologists, veterinarians and financial economists.

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International Journal of Management (IJM) Volume 10, Issue 2, March–April 2019, pp.135–144, Article ID: IJM_10_02_013 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=10&IType=2 Journal Impact Factor (2019): 9.6780 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com ISSN Print: 0976-6502 and ISSN Online: 0976-6510 © IAEME Publication VALUES-BASED ORIENTATIONS AS A FORMATION FACTOR OF THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY V. A. Ivashova Associate Professor, Candidate of Sociological Science, Sociological Research and Marketing Department, FSAEI HE «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Stavropol, Russia V. N. Goncharov Professor, Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy, FSAEI HE «North Caucasus Federal University», Stavropol, Russia A.M. Erokhin Professor, Doctor of Sociology, Head of Philosophy Department, FSAEI HE «North Caucasus Federal University», Stavropol, Russia O. U. Kolosova Professor, Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Socio-economic and Humanitarian Disciplines Stavropol branch of Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia L. A. Tronina Professor, Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies SFEI HE "Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute", Stavropol, Russia O.N. Kamalova Associated Professor, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Department of Philosophy, FSBEI HE "Rostov State Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation", Russia ABSTRACT The article presents the results of a study of the value orientations of specialists with higher education working in the region and representing such professional communities as IT specialists, mechanical engineers, food technologists, veterinarians and financial economists. The analysis of the influence of value orientations on attitudes to corporate social responsibility and within the boundaries of the professional community has been carried out. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 135 editor@iaeme.com
V. A. Ivashova, V. N. Goncharov, A.M. Erokhin, O. U. Kolosova, L. A. Tronina and O.N. Kamalova, Corporate social responsibility is considered as an indicator of the overall image of the organization and an integral part of the corporate culture, which cannot be fully realized in practice, if not shared by members of workers, production teams, formal and, as a rule, informal leaders of which are specialists with higher education. At the level of statistical observations the professional community’s understanding of the importance of professional social responsibility with localization within specific enterprises and a high status value is “own safety and the safety of others” and “well- being of loved ones” in the system of value orientations of professional communities of the region was obtained. The professional community of specialists describes at the level of competencies the high significance of various types of social and professional responsibility; accordingly, they are determined by their own professional activity and responsibility. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, value orientations, professional community. Cite this Article: V. A. Ivashova, V. N. Goncharov, A.M. Erokhin, O. U. Kolosova, L. A. Tronina and O.N. Kamalova, Values-Based Orientations as a Formation Factor of the Social Responsibility of the Professional Community, International Journal of Management, 10 (2), 2019, pp. 135–144. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=10&IType=2 1. INTRODUCTION Corporate social responsibility is a concept according to which organizations take into account the interests of society, imposing responsibility for the impact of their activities on firms and other interested parties in the public sphere. Corporate social responsibility is considered as an indicator of the overall image of the organization, an integral part of the corporate culture, which cannot be fully realized in practice, if not shared by members of workers, production teams, formal and, as a rule, informal leaders of which are specialists with higher education [1, 2, 3, 4, 6]. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between the value orientations of specialists and their attitude to issues of corporate social responsibility in the segmentation of different professional communities: IT specialists, mechanical engineers, food technology technologists, veterinarians and financial economists [7, 25, 9]. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW For modern organizations the image and brand of the organization is an essential factor of competition. Practical expression of such work takes in actions aimed at promoting corporate and social responsibility, as part of the overall image of the organization. Since a meaningful image must find reinforcements in specific actions of personnel, it becomes more urgent to focus the requirements of corporate culture on socially responsible actions of personnel. Such studies are presented in the publications Utgård J. [24], Robinson S., Wood S. [18]. In order to inform the public about the activities of companies in the field of corporate social responsibility, specialized reports are used that are publicly available through external communication channels. The authors of Tsalis T.A., Stylianou M.S., Nikolaou I.E. in their publication speak about improving the methodology of such reports [26]. The relevance of such a research methodology reports helps managers and stakeholders to assess the best experience of organizations in the field of increasing social responsibility of staff. Social responsibility of specialists should be formed during the period of vocational training at the university. Such a position is especially actively promoted in the engineering, medical, agrarian professional communities[5, 8, 10]. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 136 editor@iaeme.com
Values-Based Orientations as a Formation Factor of the Social Responsibility of the Professional Community The authors of Ventres, W., Boelen, C., Haq, C. Express their conviction that social responsibility must be an important part of institutional occupational identity [28]. In their view, at the level of professional competence of medical workers, social responsibility should manifest itself not only in knowledge, but also in the real actions of specialists, especially when it comes to medical care for people in socially unfavorable conditions. The need to make high social responsibility in the professional activities of veterinarians is discussed by researchers Sumner C.L., von Keyserlingk M.A.G. in the publication “Canadian dairy cattle veterinarian perspectives on calf welfare” [24]. In their opinion, working with objects of nature should be approached with a high level of social responsibility. This principle is spelled out by law in a special protocol “On the protection and welfare of animals”, for example, in the European Union and recognizes animals as beings that have feelings and obliges European institutions to develop and implement their policies to take care of their well-being. The authors of the article on the example of focus groups with veterinarians show the opinion of the professional community of veterinarians of Canada about the responsibility for the conditions of detention, therapeutic and preventive procedures that do not cause significant damage to the welfare of animals. The importance of not only instrumental professional skills, but also general cultural values and professional social responsibility is emphasized. Many examples of the implementation of professional social responsibility sound at the level of quality management processes in organizations of various fields of activity, the achievement of which is an integral component of the personal responsibility of each specialist [13, 15, 20, 21, 22]. 3. METHODS AND MATERIAL A survey of specialists, representatives of different professional communities (IT specialists, mechanical engineers, food technologists, veterinarians, and financial economists) was conducted in the Stavropol Territory. 621 specialists of enterprises and organizations of the region took part in the expert assessment procedure. A statistical processing of the survey results was carried out in the SPSS program (version 21), which made it possible to carry out a ranking of the significance of life values in professional communities and to conduct their comparative analysis. In addition, it was based on the World Engineering Initiative (CDIO) standards. The survey participants from the professional community of mechanical engineers conducted a survey of 119 experts who expressed their views on the importance of the competencies of future engineers. The competence significance indicators were subjected to factor analysis in the SPSS program (version 21) and showed the grouping of competencies, including those related to the formation and expression of social responsibility of a mechanical engineer in terms of the requirements of professional activity and the expectations of the professional environment. 4. RESULTS A list of values was proposed, which are relevant to the professional community, in the survey of specialists from enterprises and organizations in the southern region of Russia. The evaluation of relevance on a five-point scale and the calculation of average values made it possible to rank the results obtained in segmentation by groups of professional communities. The data presented in Table 1. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 137 editor@iaeme.com
V. A. Ivashova, V. N. Goncharov, A.M. Erokhin, O. U. Kolosova, L. A. Tronina and O.N. Kamalova, Table 1. Evaluation by experts of the values’ significance (average score on a 5-point scale) Economists, IT Food List of values Veterinarians Engineers financiers engineers technologist 1. Approval of others whose opinion is 3,8 3,6 4,2 2,5 4,2 important to me 2. High social status (material well- 4,5 4,6 4,1 3,5 4,1 being and power) 3. Creative and research activities 4,3 4,0 3,1 4,3 3,1 4. Getting pleasure from life 3,9 4,6 3,8 4,5 3,8 5. The ambition for the new unknown 4,1 3,6 3,9 4,1 3,9 6. Well-being of loved ones and 4,8 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 relatives 7. Tolerance and patient attitude to 4,2 4,0 3,9 3,7 3,9 others 8. Faith in God 4,2 3,7 4,1 3,4 4,1 9. Following the traditional culture and 4,6 4,1 4,0 3,2 4,0 customs of own nation 10. Own safety and the safety of others 4,9 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 11. Respect for elders, self-discipline 4,1 4,9 4,2 4,3 4,2 and obedience The first place in all represented professional groups of specialists is occupied by the value “own safety and the safety of others” and “well-being of loved ones” It should be noted the deep conviction of professional communities of specialists with higher education in social responsibility for their own lives, the lives and well-being of others, family and relatives. If in the assessment of other values there is a certain range of opinions, then it is in these that it is minimal. In the process of analyzing the content of state standards of preparation by the expert community of various professional fields, the need to increase attention to the competencies of professional social responsibility of university graduates can be traced. For example, specialists of the veterinary services of the region, along with functional skills, speak about competence like the ability and willingness to organize and conduct monitoring of the occurrence and spread of infectious, invasive and other diseases, biological environmental pollution, quarantine measures, protection of the population in the centers of especially dangerous infections , with the deterioration of the radiation situation and natural disasters; the ability and willingness to organize and monitor the conduct of mass diagnostic and medical-preventive activities aimed at the early detection, prevention and prompt treatment of dangerous diseases, including zoo- anthropozoonosts. The expert community of financial economists calls their readiness to act in unusual situations, to bear social and ethical responsibility for the decisions made among the most important for future graduates. Using the results of an expert survey of mechanical engineers as an example, the desired competencies / attributes were analyzed. In the professional community opinion a graduate of an undergraduate of a bachelor program should possess. The list of possible competencies was formulated based on the approaches of the World Engineering Initiative (CDIO). http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 138 editor@iaeme.com
Values-Based Orientations as a Formation Factor of the Social Responsibility of the Professional Community As a result of the factor analysis carried out in the SPSS program (version 21, selection method — principal component analysis, rotation method — varimax with Kaiser normalization), the relationships between the values of variables were studied, which were 24 desirable competencies / attributes. The full explained variance is presented in the following Table 2. Table 2 – Full explained variance Initialeigenvalue Extraction sums of squared loadings Rotation sums of squared loadings Compon ent Cumulative % Cumulativ % Cumulativ Total % Variance Total Total % Variance e% Variance e% 1 9,190 38,291 38,291 9,190 38,291 38,291 6,447 26,862 26,862 2 3,543 14,762 53,053 3,543 14,762 53,053 3,501 14,589 41,451 3 2,717 11,320 64,373 2,717 11,320 64,373 3,043 12,678 54,129 4 2,259 9,412 73,786 2,259 9,412 73,786 2,795 11,648 65,776 5 1,285 5,355 79,140 1,285 5,355 79,140 1,970 8,208 73,984 6 1,158 4,823 83,964 1,158 4,823 83,964 1,798 7,491 81,475 7 1,020 4,251 88,215 1,020 4,251 88,215 1,618 6,740 88,215 8 ,844 3,516 91,731 9 ,679 2,831 94,562 10 ,433 1,804 96,367 11 ,341 1,422 97,788 12 ,210 ,874 98,662 13 ,184 ,767 99,429 14 ,062 ,257 99,686 15 ,046 ,190 99,876 16 ,026 ,109 99,985 17 ,004 ,015 100,000 18 7,441E-16 3,100E-15 100,000 19 3,784E-16 1,577E-15 100,000 20 2,003E-16 8,346E-16 100,000 21 5,998E-17 2,499E-16 100,000 -8,733E- 22 -3,639E-16 100,000 17 -2,637E- 23 -1,099E-15 100,000 16 -1,060E- 24 -4,416E-15 100,000 15 Allocation method: principal component analysis The factor analysis procedure allowed us to group the listed 24 desirable competencies into 7 key attributes of the graduate model of the bachelor program in Mechanical Engineering. Table 3 – Matrix of rotated componentsa Component 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1.Basic knowledge of 0,281 0,130 0,183 0,017 0,903 0,038 0,073 mathematics and physics http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 139 editor@iaeme.com
V. A. Ivashova, V. N. Goncharov, A.M. Erokhin, O. U. Kolosova, L. A. Tronina and O.N. Kamalova, 2.Key knowledge of 0,759 0,075 -0,357 0,116 0,467 0,132 -0,013 engineering fundamentals 3.In-depth knowledge of the basics of engineering, 0,926 0,035 -0,169 0,091 0,077 0,062 -0,077 methods and tools 4.Analytical foundation 0,280 0,532 0,315 0,218 0,488 0,040 -0,104 and problem solving 5.Ability to conduct -0,228 0,149 0,769 0,285 0,006 0,013 -0,275 experiments and research 6.Operational thinking 0,016 0,724 0,225 0,227 -0,046 0,057 0,028 7.Ethics, justice and other 0,021 0,759 0,220 0,079 0,258 0,002 0,467 responsibilities 8. Ability to carry out effective interaction with 0,076 0,653 -0,063 0,020 0,334 0,319 0,496 people around 9. Ability to manage a 0,102 0,246 0,820 -0,286 0,238 0,026 0,236 team 10.Ability to carry out effective communication 0,116 0,254 0,034 0,156 0,045 0,884 0,127 in foreign languages 11.Understanding the role and responsibility of an 0,259 0,873 0,152 -0,062 0,005 0,074 -0,197 engineer 12.Engineer's entrepreneurial and 0,828 0,185 0,324 0,179 0,194 0,071 0,095 business initiative 13. The ability to analyze the process, evaluate the results of the work and 0,656 0,308 0,417 -0,133 0,444 -0,023 -0,181 plan the activities of the unit 14.Willingness to participate in the design of technical tools and 0,426 0,285 0,678 -0,033 0,153 0,303 -0,069 technological processes and production systems 15.Ability to organize production process and ensure compliance with 0,892 -0,080 0,002 0,109 0,306 0,018 -0,088 safety and sanitation requirements 16.Operational readiness of production machines, 0,579 0,584 -0,106 -0,118 0,244 0,360 0,146 process equipment and systems 17.Ability to organize a team to perform 0,890 0,197 0,198 -0,080 -0,071 0,149 0,103 production tasks efficiently and on time 18.Ability to conduct 0,772 0,232 -0,041 0,393 -0,047 0,086 -0,116 procedures for testing, http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 140 editor@iaeme.com
Values-Based Orientations as a Formation Factor of the Social Responsibility of the Professional Community verification, certification and certification of production facilities 19.Ability to use standard technologies for maintenance, repair and 0,623 0,186 0,379 -0,021 0,079 0,324 0,551 restoration of worn-out machine parts 20.Personnel training in the use of devices, mechanisms, 0,583 0,009 0,213 -0,074 0,114 0,056 -0,652 technologies, models and systems 21.Ability to complete the life cycle and recycle 0,372 -0,109 0,165 0,521 -0,011 0,609 -0,252 products and waste 22.The ability to use modern methods of 0,107 -0,034 -0,111 0,873 0,121 0,168 -0,093 installation, adjustment of machines and plants 23.Innovation implementation from concept, design, 0,114 0,236 0,014 0,864 -0,040 0,138 0,128 production, to the launch of new products and services on the market 24.Development of engineering 0,011 0,069 0,585 0,674 -0,018 -0,310 0,163 entrepreneurship skills Allocation method: Principal component analysis. Rotation method: Varimax with Kaiser normalization. a. The rotation converged in 12 iterations. The first factor can be meaningfully interpreted as a confident possession of all engineering processes during the production cycle. The second factor reflects all types of responsibility from ensuring safety and sanitation to ethics and justice, understanding the role and professional responsibility of an engineer not only to the production team, but also to the community. The third factor is the organization of the production team for the team result of innovation and design, i.e. not that, but the organization of actions of the structural division of the company. The fourth factor is the skills of introducing innovations from concept, design and installation to engineering entrepreneurial initiatives to promote the results of innovations in the consumer environment. The fifth factor is the availability of basic theoretical knowledge in the field of physics, mathematics and related fields of knowledge, depending on the specifics of the activity. The sixth factor is the possession of production waste disposal methods at the level of world approaches and trends. The seventh factor is readiness for mentoring and training personnel to use devices, mechanisms, technologies, models and systems. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 141 editor@iaeme.com
V. A. Ivashova, V. N. Goncharov, A.M. Erokhin, O. U. Kolosova, L. A. Tronina and O.N. Kamalova, Thus, practically 5 out of 7 key attributes of the model of a graduate of a bachelor program in Mechanical Engineering, to some degree or other, touch upon aspects of the social professional responsibility of a specialist. Since the professional community of specialists describes the high importance of various types of social and professional responsibility at the level of competencies. They are respectively harmonized with their own professional activities and responsibilities. 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Thus, at the level of statistical observations we get confirmation of the understanding of the significance of professional social responsibility with localization within specific enterprises and a high status value “own safety and the safety of others” and “well-being of loved ones” in the system of value orientations of professional communities of the region [11, 17, 29]. The information obtained in the course of the study is important for improving the training of graduates of higher education, building an organizational culture in accordance with the requirements of the concept of corporate social responsibility, ensuring the quality of the image of organizations that position themselves as CSR supporters. The research strategy can be complemented by benchmarking with other professional groups and regions [12, 14, 16]. Monitoring studies of the impact of value orientations of specialists on corporate social responsibility will help the understanding of opinion leaders of professional communities and ensure a balance of interests of enterprises and organizations and the regional community, business and society as a whole. REFERENCES [1] Akdere, M., Hickman, L., Kirchner, M. Developing Leadership Competencies for STEM Fields: The Case of Purdue Polytechnic Leadership Academy Advances in Developing Human Resources, 21(1), 2019, pp. 49-71 [2] Axjonow, A., Ernstberger, J., Pott, C. The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure on Corporate Reputation: A Non-professional Stakeholder Perspective Journal of Business Ethics, 151(2), 2018, pp. 429-450 [3] Ayala-Rodríguez, N., Barreto, I., RozasOssandón, G., Castro, A., Moreno, S. Social transcultural representations about the concept of university social responsibility Studies in Higher Education, 44(2), 2019, pp. 245-259 [4] Barsukova, T., Ivashova, V., Gunko, J., Gavrilova, O., Chaplitskaya, A. Designing professional competence of leaders of the regional agrarian sector, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 2019, pp. 768-776 [5] Baklanov, I.S., Baklanova, O.A., Goncharov, V.N., Erokhin, A.M., Kolosova, O.Y. Ontological status and valuable determination of social norms and normative systems Social Sciences (Pakistan), 10(9), 2015, pp. 2216-2220 [6] Chen, Z.F., Hong, C., Occa, A. How different CSR dimensions impact organization-employee relationships: The moderating role of CSR-culture fit Corporate Communications, 24(1), 2019, pp. 63-78 [7] Contreras, M.V., Albornoz, J.M. Methodological adjustments in a computer engineering course to enhance social responsibility Proceedings - International Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society, SCCC, 2017-October, 2018, pp.. 1-4 [8] Elembilassery, V., Gurunathan, L. Mandated CSR and mode of implementation: the Indian context Social Responsibility Journal, 14(4), 2018, pp. 701-718 [9] Foley, R., Gibbs, B. Connecting Engineering Processes and Responsible Innovation: A Response to Macro-Ethical Challenges Engineering Studies, article in press, 2019 http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 142 editor@iaeme.com
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