Approximate reasoning

Ebook "Western North American juniperus communities: A dynamic vegetation type" woodlands occupy approximately 55 million hectares, an area larger than the state of Texas. Various species of Juniperus have been increasing in density and are expanding into associated grasslands, reducing the size of the grasslands. The reason for the Juniperus expansion is highly debated, but has important implications for global change and fire regime studies.

326p tachieuhoa 28-01-2024 2 2   Download

Continued part 1, part 2 of ebook "Search methodologies: Introductory tutorials in optimization and decision support techniques" provides readers with contents including: very large-scale neighborhood search; constraint programming; multi-objective optimization; sharpened and focused no free lunch and complexity theory; machine learning; fuzzy reasoning; rough-set-based decision support; hyper-heuristics; approximations and randomization; fitness landscapes;...

371p thamnhuocgiai 24-09-2023 6 5   Download

In the technological era, we are less reading news from printed newspapers rather we choose to receive information from online newspapers. The main reason is the shift in the type of devices we use to gain information. In significant urban areas, for example, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh, every individual has approximately one cell phone and one PC.

11p viannee 04-08-2023 9 2   Download

It is known that one of the reasons for the increased incidence of hematological malignancies is caused by the growth of multiple myeloma (MM). Worldwide, approximately 159,985 new cases of MM are diagnosed representing 0.9% of all cancer diagnoses and 106,105 patients will die from MM accounting for 1.1% of all cancer deaths per year.

6p vimahuateng 26-11-2021 10 1   Download

Musculoskeletal disorders are among the major reasons for years lived with disability. Approximately one third of the European working population report lower-extremity discomfort and many attribute these discomforts to work-related factors.

11p vivermont2711 28-01-2021 7 2   Download

The equations of state (EOS) of asymmetric nuclear matter (ANM) in an extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (ENJL) model was investigated by means of examining effective potential in one-loop approximation. Our numerical results show that isospin dependence of saturation density in our model is reasonably strong and critical temperature for liquid-gas phase transition decreases with increasing neutron excess.

7p tamynhan8 04-11-2020 8 1   Download

Sugarcane is a tropical crop that can accumulate high concentration of sucrose in the stem as a storage carbohydrate. For that reason, sugarcane accounts for approximately 75% of all the sugar produced in the world and has become the main sugar source to produce first-generation bioethanol in Brazil.

14p vishikamaru2711 25-04-2020 10 0   Download

This study will discuss more clearly the concept of real-world-semantics interpretability and point out that such requirement is a challenge to the study of the interpretability of fuzzy systems, especially for approaches within the fuzzy set framework. A methodological challenge is that it requires both the computational expression representing a given linguistic fuzzy rule base and an approximate reasoning method working on this computation expression must also preserve the real-world semantics of the application problem.

16p abcxyz123_02 03-03-2020 20 1   Download

In this paper, we introduce a hedge-algebras-based methodology in vibration control of structural systems to design fuzzy controllers, referred to as hedge-algebras-based controllers (HACs). In this methodology, vague linguistic terms are not expressed by fuzzy sets, but by inherent order relationships between vague terms existing in a term-domain. Semantically quantifying mappings (SQMs), which preserve semantics-based order relationships in termdomains, are defined in a close relationship with the fuzziness measure and the fuzziness intervals of vague terms.

30p ketaucho 20-11-2019 25 3   Download

In this paper, a new realization of the fractional capacitor (FC) using passive symmetric networks is proposed. A general analysis of the symmetric network that is independent of the internal impedance composition is introduced. Three different internal impedances are utilized in the network to realize the required response of the FC. These three cases are based on either a series RC circuit, integer Coleimpedance circuit, or both. The network size and the values of the passive elements are optimized using the minimax and least mth optimization techniques.

13p caygaocaolon1 13-11-2019 14 0   Download

This work addresses the problem of feature indexing to significantly accelerate the matching process which is commonly known as a cumbersome task in many computer vision applications. To this aim, we propose to perform product sub-vector quantization (PSVQ) to create finer representation of underlying data while still maintaining reasonable memory allocation.

15p viconandoyle2711 29-08-2019 31 1   Download

The reasons for the deviation between two models are not only due to the thin EDL assumption to get electrical potential and charge distribution in pores but also to some other approximations for integral evaluations. The results suggest that the model developed in this work can be used with arbitrary capillary/pore scale and thus is not restricted to the thin EDL assumption.

11p cathydoll4 21-02-2019 22 1   Download

Increase your powers of vocabulary, calculation and logical reasoning with this book of brand new IQ tests. Each timed test is approximately the same degree of difficulty and consists of a mixture of numerical, diagrammatic and logical reasoning questions. Answers are provided with detailed explanations where necessary, together with a guide to assessing performance on each test individually, and cumulatively on all ten tests.

176p phamloc120893 27-08-2013 182 62   Download

Approximately 4 million children will still be left uninsured even after the ACA provisions are implemented. There are various reasons why a child may be left without insurance including: legal status (the new law prohibits any benefits to non-legal residents), insurance costs that may still be too expensive for parents to afford, or parents may expect health care costs for them and their child are to be relatively low in respect to the premium required for coverage or any applicable penalty.

16p seketnoi 28-04-2013 48 4   Download

Equity and fixed income funds play an important role for the impressive Thai mutual fund growth. With an in depth analysis, we found two major facts. Firstly, Thai mutual fund industry is concentrated in fixed income mutual funds especially short-term money market funds. Secondly, approximately 50% of the AUM invested in Thai equity mutual funds are from LTF and RMF or growth in equity mutual funds is affected by tax incentive.

24p hongphuocidol 04-04-2013 81 10   Download

The theme of this talk is that we live in a time of extreme change. It is an exciting time; essentially everything all design assump- tions are being re-evaluated. There are research challenges eve- rywhere. There are no small challenges in this list of revolutions. Yet, I think our biggest challenge is a unification of approximate and exact reasoning. Most of us come from the exact-reasoning world—but most of our clients ...

18p yasuyidol 02-04-2013 47 4   Download

INTERORGANIZATIONAL ADADTATION , INTERORGANIZATIONAL STRATIGIES, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE A second issue is that there is little or no threat of market entry when competition is among geographically-based school districts. In the absence of entry, administrators of undesirable districts are not likely to face substantial declines in enrollment. Indeed, a reasonable first approximation is that total (public) school and district enrollments are invariant to schools’ relative desirability.

241p mualan_mualan 27-02-2013 48 12   Download

The concentration in the large public company audit market is also unlikely to be reduced in the near term by midsize and smaller accounting firms because a significant majority is not interested in auditing large public companies and those that are interested face various challenges in expanding their capability to do so. Over 70 percent of midsize and smaller accounting firms indicated that they were not attempting to obtain large public company clients.

0p tay_thi_le 19-02-2013 53 4   Download

The Internet is the main cause of the recent explosion of activity in optical fiber telecommunications. The high growth rates observed on the Internet, and the popular perception that growth rates were even higher, led to an upsurge in research, development, and investment in telecommunications. The telecom crash of 2000 occurred when investors realized that transmission capacity in place and under construction greatly exceeded actual traffic demand. This chapter discusses the growth of the Internet and compares it with that of other communication services.

44p bin_pham 05-02-2013 43 3   Download

The principal scenario for the analysis was a forced entry by U.S. forces into rough and heavily foliaged terrain to neutralize Red forces and stop ethnic cleansing. A second scenario considered an offensive mission in more open terrain. The briefing then draws upon broader reasoning and approximate analysis to suggest tentative conclusions,

0p xuan2013 29-01-2013 38 1   Download