Carotenoid producing bacteria

Staphyloxanthin (STX) is a carotenoid pigment produced by Staphylococcus aureus to protect the bacteria from oxidation stress. Eliminating Staphyloxanthin from S. aureus cell membrane by inducing the pigment photolysis using 460nm light, then killing weakened bacteria with an H2O2 solution could be a new approach to develop anti - Staphylococcus aureus procedure.

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Bacillus genus are Gram-positive, rod shaped, spore-forming, aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria, which have the ability to produce a wide variety of enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, vitamins, and carotenoids.

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Microorganisms produce various pigments like carotenoids, melanin’s, flavins, monascins, violacein and indigo. Carotenoids are a group of bioactive compounds and are responsible for bright yellow, orange, red pigments of various plants, microorganisms and animals and are widely distributed in nature. These pigments have an important function to act as protective agents against oxidative damage. Recently carotenoids have attracted greater attention due to the beneficial role on human health.

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This article includes isolation and screening of carotenoid producing bacteria. Samples were collected from different eco-climatic regions of Maharashtra. From soil, mud, sediment, and water samples total 620 bacterial strains were isolated out of which 105 isolates were pigment producers, many of which exhibited bright orange, orange, yellow orange, lemon yellow and red pigmentation.

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Unable to impassively watch as health care spending spiraled upward, federal health care planners imposed an armada of regulations on the manner in which health care was provided to Medicare and Medicaid patients. The reg- ulatory binge in U.S. health care since the 1970s has produced nearly 50 kinds of federal and state health services’ regulations, which by 2002 was costing roughly $340 billion, about 20% of total health spending of $1,560 billion.

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Revenue insurance accounts for more than half of all crop insurance policies (Figure 2). It began in 1997 as a buy-up option on a pilot basis for major crops. By 2003, acreage under revenue- based insurance exceeded acreage covered by APH policies. Revenue insurance combines the production guarantee component of crop insurance with a price guarantee to create a target revenue guarantee. Under revenue insurance programs, participating producers are assigned a target level of revenue based on market prices for the commodity and the producer’s yield history.

27p quaivatxanh 29-11-2012 63 6   Download

One company is training its producers on the use of social media because it believes the producer level is where it will be most useful (@Allstate, 2010). Another company’s director of social media said his goal is to give producers support in figuring out what they should say — and make sure they do not do something they should not. He said many producers previously got to the point of setting up a presence on a social media site, but then lacked the knowledge and confidence to use it successfully. As previously noted, some producers have made use...

15p thangbienthai 27-11-2012 61 9   Download