Chronic neuropathy

Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) in general and painful OIPN in particular is a debilitating late effect that severely affects cancer survivors’ quality of life and causes premature cessation of potentially lifesaving treatment. No preventive treatments and no effective treatment for chronic OIPN exist despite many attempts.

10p vikoch 27-06-2024 1 1   Download

Ebook "Studies in diabetes (Oxidative stress in applied basic research and clinical practice series)" examines how increased oxidative and nitrosative stress – one of the leading causes of diabetes complications – pathologically affects multiple tissues in the body. The volume editors and chapter authors are leading investigators in the field of basic and clinical research in diabetes and vascular disease.

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Interleukin 2 (IL-2) influences the development and severity of pain due to its antinociceptive and immunomodulatory effects. Its production is influenced by the increased expression of c-Cbl (Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene) and Cbl-b E3 ubiquitin ligases. We evaluated the effects on IL-2-mediated changes in c-Cbl and Cbl-b expression in a rat model of chronic neuropathic pain.

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The association between impaired lung function and diabetes risk has been established in the past, however the temporal and causal relationships between the two remain unclear. We assessed the relationship between baseline FEV1 and FVC and risk of incident diabetes at different time intervals for participants in the Malmö Preventive Project cohort.

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Charcot neuropathic arthropathy (CN) is a chronic, progressive, destructive, non-infectious process that most frequently affects the bone architecture of the foot in patients with sensory neuropathy. We evaluated the outcome of protected weightbearing treatment of CN in unilaterally and bilaterally affected patients and secondarily compared outcomes in protected versus unprotected weightbearing treatment.

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Although acute oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy (OXIPN) is frequently regarded to be transient, recent studies have reported prolongation of infusion times, dose reduction and treatment cessation following the first dose of oxaliplatin in quarter of patients.

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Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids present on mam-malian plasma membranes, where they participate in cell-surface events such as modulation of growth factor receptors and cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. Antibodies to gangliosides have been associated with a wide range of clinically identifiable acute and chronic neuropathy syn-dromes.

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Angiogenesis is the development of new blood vessels from an existing vascular bed. Normal vascular proliferation occurs only during embryonic development, the female reproductive cycle, and wound repair. Many pathological conditions are characterized by persistent, unregulated angiogenesis, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetic neuropathy. Conversely, inadequate angiogenesis can often lead to chronic pressure ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and myocardial infarction.

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Acquired Abnormality of Cobalamin Metabolism: Nitrous Oxide Inhalation Nitrous oxide irreversibly oxidizes methylcobalamin to an inactive precursor; this inactivates methionine synthase. Megaloblastic anemia has occurred in patients undergoing prolonged N2O anesthesia (e.g., in intensive care units). A neuropathy resembling cobalamin neuropathy has also been described in dentists and anesthetists who are repeatedly exposed to N 2O. Methylmalonic aciduria does not occur as adocobalamin is not inactivated by N2O.

5p thanhongan 07-12-2010 63 6   Download

Tropical Sprue Nearly all patients with acute and subacute tropical sprue show malabsorption of cobalamin; this may persist as the principal abnormality in the chronic form of the disease, when the patient may present with megaloblastic anemia or neuropathy due to cobalamin deficiency. Absorption of cobalamin usually improves after antibiotic therapy and, in the early stages, folic acid therapy. Fish Tapeworm Infestation The fish tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum) lives in the small intestine of humans and accumulates cobalamin from food, rendering this unavailable for absorption.

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Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) Patients with this sensory-motor disorder report an irresistible urge to move the legs, or sometimes the upper extremities, that is often associated with a creepycrawling or aching dysesthesias deep within the affected limbs. For most patients with RLS, the dysesthesias and restlessness are much worse in the evening or night compared to the daytime and frequently interfere with the ability to fall asleep. The symptoms appear with inactivity and are temporarily relieved by movement.

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Neuromuscular Disease Patients with neuromuscular disease often have an abnormal gait, occasionally as a presenting feature. With distal weakness (peripheral neuropathy) the step height is increased to compensate for foot drop, and the sole of the foot may slap on the floor during weight acceptance. Neuropathy may be associated with a degree of sensory imbalance, as described above. Patients with myopathy or muscular dystrophy more typically exhibit proximal weakness. Weakness of the hip girdle may result in a degree of excess pelvic sway during locomotion.

5p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 70 2   Download