Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease in that 90 % of those latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis present no symptoms, but possess a 10 % lifetime chance of developing active TB. To prevent the spread of the disease, early diagnosis is crucial.

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Health Care Workers (HCWs) are vulnerable to tuberculosis exposure. Non availability of a reliable test has resulted in underestimation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among HCWs. The aim is to detect the rate of LTBI among nursing and medical students, Compare Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) and Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), Detect conversions and reversions.

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Outline of Tuberculosis - An update for Primary care physicians: Epidemiology of tuberculosis; diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI); diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, including new diagnostics; Overview of tuberculosis treatment.

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Data are rapidly accumulating from all over the world regarding the efficacy of standardized treatment regimens for drug-sensitive, drug-resistant TB and latent TB infection. While we are facing the menace of multi drug-resistant TB [MDR-TB], extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis [XDR­ TB] has emerged threatening to undermine global efforts at TB control. Hence we have included chapters to cover all aspects of the diagnosis and management of MDR TB. This book will cover all these developments in great detail....

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Although the last decade has been marked by a major decline in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States, TB remains an important diagnosis to consider among older individuals. The clinical presentation is often insidious and non-specific, as is the radiological presentation. The elderly account for a large proportion of TB cases discovered at autopsy, illustrating the difficulty of clinical diagnosis in this age group. The last decade has also seen changes in tuberculin skin testing (TST) strategies and in the treatment guidelines for latent TB.

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Tuberculosis is transmitted from person to person by respiratory droplets. Although some people develop active tuberculosis disease after infection, almost all tuberculosis infections are asymptomatic and remain latent. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) itself progresses to active disease in approximately 5% to 10% of infected persons. The rate of progression is much greater in immunocompromised individuals. The estimated 2 billion people living with LTBI represent a vast reservoir of potential cases of tuberculosis around the world.

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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài:" New approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection...

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