Instructions and Addressing

Contents: Introduction to Assembly, Instruction Cycle, Addressing Modes

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Bài giảng Computer architecture: Part II - Instruction - Set Architecture hướng đến giới thiệu tới các bạn Instructions and Addressing; procedures and data; assembly language programs;... Hy vọng tài liệu là nguồn thông tin hữu ích cho quá trình học tập và nghiên cứu của các bạn.

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Cùng tìm hiểu Addressing Modes; Immediate Addressing; Immediate Addressing Diagram; Direct Addressing;... được trình bày cụ thể trong "Bài giảng Computer Organization and Architecture: Chapter 11 - Instruction Sets: Addressing Modes and Formats".

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I/O Hardware Application I/O Interface Kernel I/O Subsystem Transforming I/O Requests to Hardware Operations Streams Performance Explore the structure of an operating system’s I/O subsystem Discuss the principles of I/O hardware and its complexity Provide details of the performance aspects of I/O hardware and software .I/O Hardware Incredible variety of I/O devices Common concepts Port Bus (daisy chain or shared direct access) Controller (host adapter) I/O instructions control devices Devices have addresses, used by Direct I/O instructions Memory-mapped I/O...

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Line type Description format Instruction With operand [label]{blank}{instruction code}{blank}{operand}[{blank}[comment]] line Without operand [label]{blank}{instruction code}[{blank}[{;}[comment] ] ] Comment line [blank]{;}[comment] (Note) [ ] Square brackets ([ ]) indicate that the specification contained in the brackets may be omitted. { } Braces ({ }) indicate that the specification contained in the braces is mandatory. Label Label is the name used to refer to the address of (the first word of) the instruction from other instructions and programs. A label must be 1...

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ACALL addr11: Function: Absolute Call Description: ACALL unconditionally calls a subroutine located at the indicated address. The instruction increments the PC twice to obtain the address of the following instruction, then pushes the 16-bit result onto the stack (low-order byte first) and increments the Stack Pointer twice. The destination address is obtained by successively concatenating the five high-order bits of the incremented PC, opcode bits 7 through 5, and the second byte of the instruction. ...

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Principle of Locality: Programs access a small proportion of their address space at any time. Temporal locality: Items accessed recently are likely to be accessed again soon, e.g., instructions in a loop, induction variables. Spatial locality: Items near those accessed recently are likely to be accessed soon, E.g., sequential instruction access, array data.

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Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer: Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. e.g. Is there a multiply instruction? Organization is how features are implemented Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition?

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Instruction Sets: Addressing Modes and Formats

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