Pulmonary emphysema

Alpha-1 antitrypsin, also known as alpha1 proteinase inhibitor, is a protein 90% synthesized by hepatocytes. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency should be suspected if patients have unexplained emphysema or liver disease in the absence of others recognized causes. The diagnosis is based on tests that measure the amount of the enzyme in the blood and confirm by molecular analysis.

4p vitiki 30-01-2024 9 2   Download

In the clinical management of patients with combined pulmonary fbrosis and emphysema (CPFE), early recognition and appropriate treatment is essential. This study was designed to develop an accurate prognostic nomogram model to predict the presence of CPFE.

9p vimackenziebezos 29-11-2021 8 2   Download

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) is one of the acute phase proteins which are synthesized in the liver. A1AT inhibits the activity of many proteases, but its main task is to protect the lungs from the attack of neutrophil elastase. In an autosomal hereditary disease known as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, the A1AT level in blood serum decreases, increasing the risk of developing emphysema, liver apoptosis, and liver cancer. Thus, the detection of A1AT concentration in blood serum is very important.

15p tudichquannguyet 29-11-2021 6 1   Download

Establishment of a mouse model is important for investigating the mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we observed and compared the evolution of the pathology in two mouse models of COPD induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

10p vijichoo2711 31-05-2021 16 1   Download

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory condition characterised by dyspnoea, excessive sputum production, chronic cough, bronchitis and emphysema. Functionally, exercise tolerance is poor for people with COPD and is linked to difficulty in performing daily tasks.

6p vianthony2711 16-04-2021 9 1   Download

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (NPs) have biological effects that could aggravate pulmonary emphysema. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pulmonary administration of TiO2 or CB NPs in rats could induce and/or aggravate elastase-induced emphysema, and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

12p vianthony2711 16-04-2021 11 4   Download

C-Kit + lung stem cells have been described in the human healthy lung. Their potential relation with smoking and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. The adult human lung contains a mixture of c-Kit+ cells, unlikely to be lung stem cells, which are independent of smoking status and/or presence of COPD.

7p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 13 2   Download

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with carbon dioxide retention is associated with a worsening clinical condition and the beginning of pulmonary ventilation decompensation. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with carbon dioxide retention.

9p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 10 1   Download

The fractal dimension characterizing the cumulative size distribution of low attenuation area (LAA) clusters, identified with a fixed threshold such as − 950 Hounsfield Units (HU), on computed tomography (CT) sensitively detects parenchymal destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) even when the percent LAA (LAA%), a standard emphysema index, is unchanged.

10p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 8 1   Download

Penicillium species are among the most common fungi present in the environment and are usually considered non-pathogenic to humans. However, in immunocompromised hosts they can be virulent pathogens and can cause death.

4p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 13 2   Download

Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is an umbrella term encompassing upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe pulmonary fibrosis with pathogenesis elusive. The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of autoimmune markers in patients with CPFE.

11p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 13 1   Download

The imbalance between proteases and antiproteases has been proposed to participate to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema. Gene level variation in different metalloproteinases, metalloproteinase inhibitors, and cytokines affecting them may contribute to this imbalance and destruction of the lung parenchyma.

10p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 7 2   Download

Dynamic gas compression during forced expiration has an influence on conventional flow-volume spirometry results. The extent of gas compression in different pulmonary disorders remains obscure. Utilizing a flow plethysmograph we determined the difference between thoracic and mouth flows during forced expiration as an indication of thoracic gas compression in subjects with different pulmonary diseases characterized by limitations in pulmonary mechanics.

9p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 15 2   Download

There is a need for agents that suppress inflammation and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) has been associated with this disorder, and several inhibitors of this cascade are in clinical trials for its treatment, but their efficacy and utility are unknown.

14p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 9 2   Download

Technology offers opportunities to improve healthcare, but little is known about Internet use by COPD patients. We tested two hypotheses: Internet access is associated with socio-demographic disparities and frequency of use is related to perceived needs.

11p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 8 1   Download

Clinical evaluation to differentiate the characteristic features of pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema is often difficult in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE), but diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis is important for evaluating treatment options and the risk of acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia of such patients.

13p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 14 1   Download

Inheritance of the F variant of alpha-1-antitrypsin is associated with normal circulating protein levels, but it is believed to be dysfunctional in its ability to inhibit neutrophil elastase and therefore has been implicated as a susceptibility factor for the development of emphysema.

7p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 9 1   Download

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been classically divided into blue bloaters and pink puffers. The utility of these clinical subtypes is unclear. However, the broader distinction between airway-predominant and emphysema-predominant COPD may be clinically relevant.

11p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 8 2   Download

Increased small airway resistance and decreased lung elasticity contribute to the airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The lesion that corresponds to loss of lung elasticity is emphysema; the small airway obstruction is due to inflammatory narrowing and obliteration. Despite their convergence in altered physiology, different mechanisms contribute to these processes.

11p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 12 1   Download

An innovative approach to lung volume reduction (LVR) for emphysema is introduced in the design of the Sequential Segmental Treatment of Emphysema with Upper Lobe Predominance (STEP-UP) trial where vapour ablation is administered bilaterally over the course of two sessions and is used to target only the most diseased upper lobe segments.

10p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 10 1   Download