Pyogenic infections
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The most common source of pyogenic liver abscess is biliary tract infection. Other less common routes include the spread of bacteria from distant foci. However, direct extension of a perinephric infection focus to the liver is extremely rare.
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Pyogenic spondylitis by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to be intractable. In the past, the insertion of an implant into infected vertebra was considered contraindicated in affected patients because it may exacerbate the infection, but there are increasing numbers of reports indicating the usefulness of posterior fixation to correct instability and alleviate infection.
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Streptococcus anginosus is a gram-positive catalase-negative cocci and commensal flora of the oropharynx and gastrointestinal tract. Streptococcus anginosus is known to be highly virulent and known to cause invasive pyogenic infection which may necessitate emergent surgical treatment.
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Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is an uncommon pyogenic infection, localized between the dura mater and vertebral periosteum, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. SEA development is connected with medical comorbidities and risk factors facilitating bacterial dissemination; multiple factors are believed to play a role, including aging, increased alcohol abuse, use of intravenous drugs, a greater prevalence of medical comorbidities, and increased rates of spinal surgery that furthers iatrogenic spinal infection.
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Glycomer 631 and lactomer 9–1 are absorbable suture materials indicated for soft tissue approximation in non-infected wounds. Pigs are often used as surgical models in translational research; however, reports of tissue reactions to both suture materials in pigs are limited.
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Percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation is a minimally invasive surgical technique; however, the effects of using percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in treating patients with spinal infections have not yet been well demonstrated.
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Persistent airway infection is a hallmark feature of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, increasingly it has been observed that non-classical pathogens may transiently infect CF lower airways. Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus; (GAS)) is an uncommon but potentially dangerous cause of community-acquired pneumonia.
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Any immunological mechanisms induced by influenza virus could cause severe secondary bacterial superinfection such as those by Streptococcus pyogenes [group A streptococcus (GAS)], Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus.
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Metronidazole is an antimicrobial agent commonly used in the treatment of several protozoal and anaerobic infections. Neurotoxicity associated with metronidazole has been rarely reported, and the incidence of metronidazole-induced encephalopathy is unknown.
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Pyogenic spondylodiscitis is a form of spinal infection that can result in severe back pain and even death. However, information is lacking on the relative effectiveness of various therapies.
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An important complication of pyogenic spondylitis is aneurysms in the adjacent arteries. There are reports of abdominal aortic or iliac aneurysms, but there are few reports describing infected aneurysms of the vertebral artery. Furthermore, there are no reports describing infected aneurysms of the vertebral arteries following cervical pyogenic spondylitis.
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Due to the unspecific symptoms of spondylodiscitis (SpD), an early radiological examination is necessary. However, controversially discussed is the need for magnetic resonance imaging of the entire spine to exclude multisegmental infections and to determine the required surgical interventions.
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Oral diseases are among the major public health problems and the most common of chronic diseases that affect mankind. Essential oils could serve as an important natural alternative to prevent microbial growth in oral infection diseases. This study was undertaken to determine the in vitro anticariogenic activities of 11 essential oils against dental pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus pyogenes) and fungi (Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis) using agar well diffusion method, followed by determination of MIC.
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This is a prospective, observational, single-centered study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad for a period of 2 years, from August 2016 to 2018.
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Pyogenic infections are one of the most common clinical complications following surgery and trauma. Prompt antimicrobial therapy is needed to reduce the morbidity of these infections. Rationale use of antibiotics is the need of the hour to curb the rising antimicrobial resistance. A retrospective study was undertaken to identify the microbial profile with their antibiogram among the pus culture isolates in a teaching tertiary care hospital from January 2017 to June 2017.504 pus culture samples processed at the microbiology lab were analyzed.
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Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated from the throat swabs of infected individual and swabbed on the blood agar and sodium azide crystal violet blood agar plates. Isolated organism was grown on the semi-synthetic medium for enrichment and extraction of M protein. The extracted M protein was further purified. The purified M protein was estimated by techniques like Lowry’s method of protein estimation. The M protein was subjected to confirmation techniques and SDS-PAGE analysis.
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Infective endocarditis is a rare diagnosis in pediatrics. Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus pyogenes is known to cause a range of type and severity of infections in childhood.
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Impetigo continues to be an important paediatric skin infection. Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest bacteria associated with Impetigo. Drug resistance particularly to first line oral antibiotics is alarmingly high in Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to find the bacterial isolates causing impetigo and their susceptibility pattern to drugs particularly Mupirocin. This prospective study was done in patients presenting with impetigo to the dermatology OP of a tertiary care hospital for the period of six months from May 2017 to October 2017.
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Infection of sterile body fluid can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Periodic surveillance and monitoring programmers are helpful for framing the antibiotic policy. The present study was undertaken to evaluate aerobic bacteriological profile along with their antibiogram from various sterile fluids over a period of five years. A total of 1708 body fluid samples were processed according to Standard guidelines and analysed in order to assess the changing trends in bacteriological profile and antibiogram.
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Salmonella spondylitis is an uncommon complication of Salmonella infection in immunocompetent children. To prevent treatment failure and neurological deficits, it needs prompt diagnosis and sufficient effort to identify the causative organism.
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