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Transcript evolution
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Ebook "Dictyostelids: Evolution, genomics and cell biology" covers the latest advances in our knowledge of these extraordinary organisms with topics spanning from their evolutionary history, ecology and diversity to the recent discoveries regarding their cellular and molecular biology.
259p
ladongphongthanh1008
22-04-2024
7
2
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Ebook "Untranslated gene regions and other non-coding elements: Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression" pervasive transcription of complex genomes produces a variety of non-coding transcripts that interact with these regions and contribute to regulation. This book discusses recent insights into the regulatory roles of the untranslated gene regions and non-coding RNAs in the control of complex gene expression, as well as the implications of this in terms of organism complexity and evolution.
63p
manmanthanhla0201
26-02-2024
5
1
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MYB family proteins are one of the most abundant transcription factors in the cotton plant and play diverse roles in cotton growth and evolution. Previously, few studies have been conducted in upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum. The recent release of the G. hirsutum genome sequence provides a great opportunity to identify and characterize the entire upland cotton MYB protein family.
12p
vinarcissa
21-03-2023
3
1
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The methyl-CpG Binding Protein two gene (MECP2) encodes a multifunctional protein comprising two isoforms involved in nuclear organization and regulation of splicing and mRNA template activity. This gene is normally expressed in all tissues, with a higher expression level in the brain during neuronal maturation.
11p
vinarcissa
21-03-2023
4
1
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The plant-specific Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/Proliferating cell factor (TCP) family of transcription factors is involved in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, performing diverse functions in plant growth and development.
15p
vihagrid
30-01-2023
7
3
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Most amino acids are encoded by multiple synonymous codons. However, synonymous codons are not used equally, and this biased codon use varies between different organisms. It has previously been shown that both selection acting to increase codon translational efficiency and selection acting to decrease codon biosynthetic cost contribute to differences in codon bias.
11p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
19
1
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Despite continual progress in the identification and characterization of trait- and disease-associated variants that disrupt transcription factor (TF)-DNA binding, little is known about the distribution of TF binding deactivating mutations (deMs) in enhancer sequences.
17p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
11
1
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The Hemiptera (aphids, cicadas, and true bugs) are a key insect order, with high diversity for feeding ecology and excellent experimental tractability for molecular genetics. Building upon recent sequencing of hemipteran pests such as phloem-feeding aphids and blood-feeding bed bugs, we present the genome sequence and comparative analyses centered on the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus, a seed feeder of the family Lygaeidae.
26p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
8
1
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Evolutionarily significant A-to-I RNA editing events originated through G-to-A mutations in primates
Recent studies have revealed thousands of A-to-I RNA editing events in primates, but the origination and general functions of these events are not well addressed. Results: Here, we perform a comparative editome study in human and rhesus macaque and uncover a substantial proportion of macaque A-to-I editing sites that are genomically polymorphic in some animals or encoded as noneditable nucleotides in human.
12p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
15
1
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The mutational processes underlying non-coding cancer mutations and their biological significance in tumor evolution are poorly understood. To get better insights into the biological mechanisms of mutational processes in breast cancer, we integrate whole-genome level somatic mutations from breast cancer patients with chromatin states and transcription factor binding events.
15p
vigalileogalilei
27-02-2022
24
2
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Non-base-contacting residues enable kaleidoscopic evolution of metazoan C2H2 zinc finger DNA binding
The C2H2 zinc finger (C2H2-ZF) is the most numerous protein domain in many metazoans, but is not as frequent or diverse in other eukaryotes. The biochemical and evolutionary mechanisms that underlie the diversity of this DNA-binding domain exclusively in metazoans are, however, mostly unknown.
15p
vialfrednobel
29-01-2022
7
0
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The prevailing paradigm of host-parasite evolution is that arms races lead to increasing specialisation via genetic adaptation. Insect herbivores are no exception and the majority have evolved to colonise a small number of closely related host species. Remarkably, the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, colonises plant species across 40 families and single M. persicae clonal lineages can colonise distantly related plants.
20p
vialfrednobel
29-01-2022
9
0
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Short interspersed elements (SINEs) represent the most abundant group of non-long-terminal repeat transposable elements in mammalian genomes. In primates, Alu elements are the most prominent and homogenous representatives of SINEs. Due to their frequent insertion within or close to coding regions, SINEs have been suggested to play a crucial role during genome evolution.
16p
viaristotle
29-01-2022
31
0
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Transposable elements are increasingly recognized as a source of cisregulatory variation. Previous studies have revealed that transposons are often bound by transcription factors and some have been co-opted into functional enhancers regulating host gene expression.
26p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
9
0
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Mammalian genomes contain millions of putative regulatory sequences, which are delineated by binding of multiple transcription factors. The degree to which spacing and orientation constraints among transcription factor binding sites contribute to the recognition and identity of regulatory sequence is an unresolved but important question that impacts our understanding of genome function and evolution.
19p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
11
0
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Pseudogenes are gene copies presumed to mainly be functionless relics of evolution due to acquired deleterious mutations or transcriptional silencing. Using deep fulllength PacBio cDNA sequencing of normal human tissues and cancer cell lines, we identify here hundreds of novel transcribed pseudogenes expressed in tissue-specific patterns.
15p
viarchimedes
26-01-2022
7
0
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G-Quadruplexes, a class of noncanonical but highly stable nucleic acid structures, have the potential to be part of the regulatory mechanism of cells. They can form in the genome where the double-stranded helix is unwound to facilitate formation of a G-quadruplex. The biological significance of these structures is yet to be understood entirely. This work presents a novel approach and investigates common characteristics in the distribution of G-quadruplexes relative to genes in plants through analysis of genomes and gene expressions.
16p
tudichquannguyet
29-11-2021
6
1
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Many genes important for reproductive performance are shared by both sexes. However, fecundity indices are primarily based on female parameters such as litter size. We examined a fertility mouse line (FL2), which has a considerably increased number of offspring and a total litter weight of 180% compared to a randomly bred control line (Ctrl) after more than 170 generations of breeding. In the present study, we investigated whether there might be a parallel evolution in males after more than 40 years of breeding in this outbred mouse model.
19p
vilarryellison
29-10-2021
12
0
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Evolution occurred exclusively under the full spectrum of sunlight. Conscription of narrow regions of the solar spectrum by specific photoreceptors suggests a common strategy for regulation of genetic pathways. Fluorescent light (FL) does not possess the complexity of the solar spectrum and has only been in service for about 60 years. If vertebrates evolved specific genetic responses regulated by light wavelengths representing the entire solar spectrum, there may be genetic consequences to reducing the spectral complexity of light.
18p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
7
0
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Post-transcriptional regulation is crucial for the control of eukaryotic gene expression and might contribute to adaptive divergence. The three prime untranslated regions (3’ UTRs), that are located downstream of protein-coding sequences, play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation. These regions contain functional elements that influence the fate of mRNAs and could be exceptionally important in groups such as rapidly evolving cichlid fishes.
11p
vibeauty
23-10-2021
13
1
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