APP: Nghiên cứu sản xuất mỡ bôi trơn đa dụng có tính phân hủy sinh học, thân thiện với môi trường

T O N G H E N COU D E N TRIEN KHAI - 5AN XUAT<br /> <br /> <br /> A P P : NGHIEN ClfU SAN XUAT MGl BOI TRON DA DUNG<br /> CO TiNH PHAN HUY SINH HOC, THAN THEN VCll MOI TRlJCiNI<br /> vu Qu6c PHor<br /> Tong Giam d d |<br /> <br /> PHAM TH! THUY HA<br /> Giam doc Trung tam Nghien ciJu Phat trien<br /> Cong ty APP<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Tur nam 2003 den 2005, Cong ty Co phan Phat trien Phu gia va San pham Dau mo (APP) da chii tri de tai nghien<br /> cu'u Ithoa hoc cap nha niidc: "Nghien cufu san xuat md boi trtfn (MBT) cao cap tren ctf sd bien tmh dau thiic vat<br /> (DTV)" (ma so'DT DL 2003-03) va cho ra dofi san pham MBT da dung than thien vdfi moi triTdng, co Itha nang<br /> phan huy sinh hoc (md APP PttStt 3). Sau do, APP da tiep tuc nghien cufu, hoan thien quy trinh cong nghe san<br /> xua't san pham nay va thuf nghiem thanh cong trong thiTc te. Bai viet gidi thieu Ithai quat ve l(et qua nghien cifu<br /> cua APP.<br /> <br /> Nhu cau vat lieu boi tron cua xa tioi nguyen lieu thich hdp cho viec trien<br /> Hang nam, tren the gidi cd khoang 40 trieu khai san xua't tren day chuyen cdng<br /> tan vat heu bdi trdn dffdc sff dung (MBT chiem nghe san xua't MBT sin ed tai Cdng<br /> tff 2 den 4%), trong do cd 4 de'n 12 trieu tan hi ty. Tieu chi dat ra la MBT PHSH<br /> thai loai ra mdi trffdng, gay 6 nhiem Idn. Ngoai theo edng nghe da lffa chpn phai<br /> ra, ngudn nguyen lieu gdc khoang khong phai dat tieu chuan qude te, phu hdp vdi<br /> la vd tan. Vi vay, xu hffdng chung cila the gidi dieu kien Viet Nam de trien khai sii<br /> hien nay la ehe tao cae vat heu an toan vdi mdi dung trong thffc te.<br /> trffdng, trong dd ed eae vat lieu bdi trdn mang Thuc te nghien cQu tai APP<br /> tinh phan huy sinh hpc (PHSH) dffde ehe tao<br /> Lda chpn nguyen lieu<br /> tff cac ngudn nguyen lieu cd the tai tao. Viec<br /> nghien cffu ehe tao MBT PHSH cao cap tff Viec lffa chpn nguyen lieu (dac<br /> ngudn nguyen heu DTV dap ffng nhu eau bdi biet la mdi trffdng phan tan chiem<br /> tdi 80% trong thanh phan MBT Day chuyen sdn xudt md APP PHSH 3 tai APP<br /> trdn cho cac thie't bi hien dai, phu hdp vdi xu<br /> hffdng phat trien chung la yeu cau cap bach dat PHSH) ddng vai trd quan trpng. Vdi dau Jatropha, dau hat cao su...<br /> ra cho cac nha khoa hpc Viet Nam, trong dd cac tieu ehi dat ra, 4 loai DTV tieu bieu da dffdc<br /> - Dau sd la loai DTV cd tiem nang phat<br /> ed cac nha khoa hpc cila APP. Cae nffdc tren APP lffa chpn nghien effu lam mdi trffdng phan<br /> trien tdt va cd chffa mdt Iffdng Idn axit oleic<br /> the gidi san xuat MBT PHSH chii yeu tff ngudn tan cho MBT, bao gdm:<br /> (tdi 60%), ve mat nao do cd the lam dai dien<br /> DTV vd'n la the manh cila hp nhff: Dau hat cai - Dau ve la DTV cdng nghiep cd gia thanh cho nhdm DTV bien ddi gen (ed ham Iffdng axi<br /> d chau Au, dau cp d Malayxia hoac dau dau dat nhffng chiing cd tdi 85-90% axit recinoleic oleic tff 60 den hdn 90%).<br /> tffdng d My; trong dd, nhieu loai MBT PHSH nen cd nhieu ffu diem: Kha nang bdi trdn tdt,<br /> - Dau bdng la san pham phti cua ngan<br /> cd ngudn gdc DTV bie'n tinh hoac DTV bie'n dp nhdt kha cao, nhiet dp ddng dac tha'p (tffdng<br /> bdng, cd thanh phan axit beo gan gidng da<br /> ddi gen ed gia thanh cao hdn so vdi MBT gdc dffdng dau khoang) va cd dp ben chdng oxy hda<br /> dau tffdng.<br /> khoang tff 2 de'n 2,5 lan. cao.<br /> Cac ket qua nghien cffu trong phong tl<br /> Trffdc thffc te nay, APP dat ra muc tieu san - Dau dau tffdng la dai dien cho nhdm DTV nghiem cho tha'y, ket hdp dau ve vdi mpt tron<br /> xua't MBT PHSH vdi gia thanh cd the chap cd san Iffdng Idn, vdi thanh phan ed chffa ca cac DTV bdng, sd hoac dau tffdng vdi ty le 2(<br /> nhan dffde, tff ngudn nguyen lieu ed the chuyen ba loai axit beo khdng no la oleic, hnoleic va 35% lam mdi trffdng phan tan cho MBT PES<br /> ddi linh hoat. APP da lffa chpn nghien effu tdng linolenic; cd dp ben chd'ng oxy hda trung binh. cd the lam eho MBT cd tinh chat lffu bien di<br /> hdp MBT PHSH da dung gdc xa phdng liti tren Ne'u MBT cd the san xua't dffde tff dau dau tieu chuan qudc te. De khac phuc diem yeu c<br /> cd sd cac loai DTV khdng bie'n tinh. Tff dd, dffa tffdng thi cd the de dang chuyen ddi nguyen ban cua DTV so vdi dau gdc khoang (dp be<br /> ra edng nghe san xua't MBT PHSH sff dung cac lieu tff dau dau tffdng sang cac DTV khac nhff chdng oxy hda khdng cao), APP da nghien ci<br /> <br /> <br /> Hoat dong So thang 7.2009<br /> KJH^<br />  TONGHEN COU DEN TRIEN KHAI - SAN XUAT II<br /> ra loai phu gia chd'ng oxy hda phii hdp cd ten chuan eiia quan dpi Hoa Ky). COST 21150 - qua cho thay. APP PHSH 3 ed ngudn gdc DTV<br /> goi APP OX. Phu gia APP OX la hdn hdp phu 87 (tieu chuan qude gia Nga) va tffdng dffdng da dffdc tao eau true rat tdt vdi sdi md day xoan<br /> gia chdng oxy hda tren cd sd alkyl diphenylamin MBT da dung ciia cac hang dau nhdn nffdc va Id rdng ddng deu. phan bd deu tren toan he.<br /> va alkyl dithiophosphat kem vdi ty le 1/1. Ket ngoai. Trong do, dac biet phai ke de'n tinh nang Cd the ndi, day la lan dau tien ca'u true MBT<br /> qua nghien effu cho thay, APP OX cd hieu qua bdi trdn the hien qua gia tri tai trpng han dinh ndi chung va MBT gdc DTV ndi rieng da dffdc<br /> hdn cac td hdp phu gia chdng oxy hda truyen va dffdng kinh ve't mdn; dp ben cd hpc the hien<br /> thdng sff dung cho MBT gdc dau khoang la qua ket qua danh gia tren may Shell Roll ciing<br /> alkyl diphenylamin va alkyl phenol vdi ty le nhff ket qua danh gia chenh lech dp xuyen kim<br /> 1/1 hay phu gia A-P (la hdn hdp bis - va tris- ciia md sau khi gia 100.000 lan tren may gia J'.<br /> dialkyl - 4 - oxibenzylamin). md theo ASTM D 217 (tieu chuan Hoa Ky).<br /> it^^r^.]^^'^<br /> APP Ydu cau cua APP Ydu c^u cua<br /> Ten chi tieu PHSH MBT da dung Ten chi tieu PHSH MBT da dung<br /> go'c khoang goc khoang!*)<br /> -'><br /> 3 3<br /> Do xuyen kim d 25°C, 0,1 mm (ASTM<br /> 230 220 - 250 '•"••' An mon tam dong (ASTM D 4048) la la''""'<br /> D2I7)<br /> Do dn dinh keo, % dau tach ra (GOST Tai trpng han dinh. N (ASTM D 1.300-2.500<br /> 9.1 12 max'"' 2.500 Kei qud chup dnh cdu tnic mdAPP PHSH 3<br /> 7142-74) 2896)<br /> bdng phtidng plidp TEM<br /> Nhiet do nho giot. °C (ASTM D 566) 185 175 min ''""' Dirdng kinh vet mon (ASTM D 2896) 0.9 -<br /> Do ben cd hpc tren may Shell Roll, 0,1 Dp ben cd hpc sau 100.000 lan gia.<br /> mm (ASTM D 1831)<br /> +22 - 0,1 mm (ASTM D2I7)<br /> + 32 + 45 max '*' chup thanh cdng tai Viet Nam.<br /> '*' Theo lieu chudn ciia quan doi My MIL-G-23549C va tdng hop lit cdc quy dinh trong gidi thieu sdn phdm ciia MBT Uli da dung ciia Khd ndng PHSH: Kha nang PHSH sd cap<br /> cdc hdng Mobd, Sliell ya Callex: (**) Theo tieu chudn qudc gia ciia Nga GOST21150-87<br /> (tffdng ffng vdi Iffdng mat di ciia chat ban dau)<br /> Bdng 1: Kei qud ddnh gid tinh chat hoa - ly cua mdAPP PHSH 3 sdn xudt Ihif nghiem tgi APP eua md APP PHSH 3 dffdc danh gia tai Vien<br /> theo cdc tieu chudn ASTM hodc tieu chudn GOST tUlfng ling<br /> Cdng nghe Sinh hpc (Vien Khoa hpc va Cdng<br /> Ngoai ra, de MBT PHSH bdi trdn tdt hdn Khd ndng chdng oxy hda: Dp ben chdng oxy nghe Viet Nam). Mdi trffdng mudi khoang<br /> MBT gdc khoang cung chiing loai va cd kha hda cua APP PHSH 3 da dffdc so sanh vdi MBT dffdc pha che va khff triing ed thanh phan gdm<br /> nang chdng an mdn tdt, phu gia tang cffdng gdc khoang ciing chiing loai (md PLC L3) theo KNO, (3 g/1), MgSO_, (0,4 g/1), KH,PO^ (0,3g/l),<br /> kha nang bdi trdn va thu dpng hda be mat tieu chuan ASTM D 942 thdng qua sff giam ap Na,HPO^ (0,7 g/1), NaCl (1 g/1) va thach agar<br /> kim loai da dffdc nghien cffu sff dung vdi tieu sua't oxy trong bom Norma sau 100 gid oxy hda (20 g/1) ddng lam dung dich trung gian. Md thff<br /> chi la phai cd tinh PHSH va an toan vdi mdi d 100"C tai Phdng thi nghiem cdng nghe Ipc nghiem dffdc them vao dung dich trung gian vdi<br /> trffdng. Ket qua nghien cffu tai APP cho tha'y, hda dau va vat lieu xiic tac (Trffdng Dai hpc ty le 3%, vffa ddng vai trd ngudn vi khuan, vffa<br /> phu gia alkenyl este lffu hda cd ngudn gdc DTV Bach khoa Ha Npi). Ket qua eho tha'y, dp ben cung cap cacbon va nang Iffdng cho vi khuan<br /> va phu gia 1,3,4 - thiadiazol - 2,5 - bis (tert - chdng oxy hda eiia APP PHSH 3 vdi he phu gia hoat ddng. Dung dich dffdc khuay va duy tri d<br /> nonyldithio) la phu gia khdng tro, an toan mdi lffa chpn cao hdn so vdi MBT gdc khoang ciing 30°C trong 7 ngay, sau do dffdc dem phan tich.<br /> trffdng, rat thich hdp vdi tieu chi dat ra. chiing loai (ap sua't oxy chi giam 6 Psi so vdi 20 Ke't qua (bang 2) cho thay, md APP PHSH 3 cd<br /> Cong nghf sdn xudt Psi cila md gdc khoang). kha nang PHSH sd cap dat 100%, tffdng dffdng<br /> md cung loai ciia Hoa Ky (Soy Tractor Grease)<br /> De cd the san xuat MBT PHSH tren day<br /> va hdn han MBT gd'c khoang APP UV Litol 3<br /> chuyen cdng nghe san xua't MBT san cd tai ^ 1 (chi dat 20%).<br /> APP, hdn hdp dau ve - dau dau tffdng da dffdc 5<br /> 1 -co<br /> lffa chpn lam dai dien nghien cffu cdng nghe Kha nang PHSH hoan toan (phan huy de'n<br /> san xuat. Tren cd sd cac ke't qua nghien cffu I 93 CO, va H,0) ciia md APP PHSH 3 dffdc danh<br /> dat dffdc, APP da xay dffng quy trinh cdng nghe o<br /> gia theo tieu chuan ASTM D 5864 tai Vien<br /> -*-M0.OTI'HbH5<br /> san xua't gdm 6 cdng doan chinh va tie'n hanh MASMA (Ucraina) cho ket qua la 64,65%. dat<br /> kiem chffng qua san xuat thff nghiem vdi quy yeu cau theo quy dinh qudc te (kha nang PHSH<br /> •^ 7)<br /> mo 1.500 kg/me. 10 Z3 53 4C 5C 60 TO tt W 1C»J hoan toan theo ASTM D 5864 cua md APP<br /> Tinh hdp ly cua quy trinh cdng nghe nay Sif giam ap stmt oxy trong qud trinh oxy hoa APP PHSH 3 PHSH3>60%).<br /> da dffdc khang dinh qua cac ket qua danh gia va MBT goc khoang (theo ASTM D 942)<br /> Thif nghiem tgi hien trifdng: APP PHSH 3<br /> cac tinh chat hda - ly, tinh nang sff dung va thff da dffdc thff nghiem tai hien trffdng de bdi trdn<br /> nghiem hien trffdng. Cdu trUc md APP PHSH 3: Ca'u tnic cua d true banh xe ciia 20 xe d td buyt van tai hanh<br /> Ciic tinh chd't hda - ly: Cae ket qua phan APP PHSH 3 dffdc danh gia thdng qua chup khach tai Xi nghiep kinh doanh dich vu tdng<br /> tich (bang 1) eho thay, md APP PHSH 3 cd tinh anh ca'u true bang kinh hien vi dien tff truyen hdp Ha Ndi (Tong cdng ty van tai Ha Npi).<br /> chat hda - ly tffdng tff nhff MBT da dung gdc qua (phffdng phap TEM) tai Phdng thi nghiem Thdi gian tie'n hanh thff nghiem la 6 thang. Cac<br /> khoang theo tieu chuan MIL-G-23549C (tieu TEM (Vien Ve sinh Dich te Trung ffdng). Ke't xe d td thff nghiem chay theo lich trinh binh<br /> <br /> <br /> qfi' thiina 7 2009 HOM d O O g<br /> So thang 7.2009 j ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^<br /> I l l T C / N G H E N C O J D E N TRIEN KHAI - 5AN XUAT<br /> M9 goc Ma gd'c lien tue eua gia dau md cung nhff gia DtVl<br /> khoang APP M3 Soy Tractor khoang<br /> M3 Soy Tractor Grease APP<br /> the gidi va d Viet Nam, APP PHSH 3 luc|<br /> APP PHSH 3 APP PHSH Grease (san phSm<br /> (san pham USA) 3 USA) UV cd gia thanh dat hdn MBT gdc khoang i<br /> UV<br /> IJtdl 3 Litol 3<br /> den thdi diem hien tai, gia thanh ciia hai|<br /> Kha nang 20%<br /> PHSH sd cap<br /> 100% 100% md nay da gan tffdng dffdng nhau. Tuy niJ<br /> 3 - E t hy I-4- Cyclotrisiloxanchexamethyl Khdng S.I l-Octadecadienoic viee trien khai thffdng mai hda APP PHS<br /> San pham acid, methyl (6)<br /> methylpentanol (I) phenol (I) p h a" n<br /> PHSH<br /> tich van cdn gap nhieu khd khan do thdi quenj<br /> Acetophenone (2) Acetophenone (2) 10,13-Octadecadienoic<br /> acid, methyl (7) dung, cdng tac tuyen truyen ve y thffc anf<br /> n-Hexadecanoic Dodecanoic acid (3) Ricinoleic acid (8) sffc khoe va mdi trffdng chffa dffdc xa hoi t<br /> acid (3) tam dung mffc. Cdng ty APP vdi kinh ngh<br /> Tetradecenoic acid Diphenylamine (4) B i s ( 2 - e t h y l h e x y I) trong nghien cffu - trien khai ffng dung caq<br /> (4) phtalate<br /> qua nghien cffu khoa hpc vao thffc te da thii<br /> 9-Ocladecenoic Tetradecenoic acid (5) Hydrazinecarbonxamid,<br /> mai hda rat nhieu san pham la ket qua cuaj<br /> acid (5) N.N-diphenyl (9)<br /> Hexancdioic acid 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, Tdng Tdng so: 9 chat de tai nghien cffu, song van gap nhieu kho 1<br /> bis-(2-ethylhexyl) methyl (6) so: 6 khi thffdng mai hda san pham APP PHSH 3j<br /> Jhi chiit<br /> dd, de nghi Nha nffdc can ed cac chinh sac<br /> Bdng 2: Kei qud ddnh gid Ichd ndng PHSH sdcd'p ctia APP PHSH 3, Soy Tractor Grease (md goc DTV)<br /> vd APP UV Litol 3 (MBT gd'c ddu Ichodng)<br /> trd sau nghien cffu va cd cac chien dich I<br /> truyen, quang ba sff dung san pham an toy<br /> K e t qua do v6i UV<br /> Ke't qua do vdi A P P P H S H 3 mdi trffdng de giup cac doanh nghiep trienl<br /> Gia tri Litol 3<br /> T e n chi tieu san xuat va dffa vao sii dung cac san pham|<br /> quy djnh Trufdc thil Sau thuT Tri