Back Up and Verify a SQL Server Database

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7,2 Back Up và Kiểm tra một cơ sở dữ liệu SQL Server Sao lưu cơ sở dữ liệu có lẽ là một trong những tính năng quan trọng nhất để kết hợp vào ứng dụng của bạn. Nếu bạn để nó lên cho người dùng sử dụng Enterprise Manager để sao lưu cơ sở dữ liệu, sau đó nó sẽ không xảy ra.

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7.2 Back Up and Verify a SQL Server Database Backing up a database is probably one of the most important features to incorporate into your application. If you leave it up to the user to use the Enterprise Manager to back up the database, then it won't happen. You can arrange to have the backup scheduled, but sometimes you need to back it up at a moment's notice. This How-To shows you how to create a custom dialog box that will allow the user not only to back up your SQL Server database, but also to verify the backup. Your users need to have a method for backing up and verifying their databases without using Enterprise Manager. How do you create a dialog box that would let them back up and verify their databases? Technique To accomplish this task, you will once again use the SQL-DMO objects. A couple of the new objects you will use are the Backup and BackupDevices objects. You can see some of the additional objects, along with the properties and methods that will be used, in Table 7.3. Table 7.3. Additional SQL-DMO Objects Used for Backing Up and Verifying a Database Object Property/Method Description Backup Action This property allows you to specify what type of backup that you want to take place. The choices are SQLDMOBackup_Database, SQLDMOBackup_Differential, SQLDMOBackup_Files, and SQLDMOBackup_Log. BackupSetDescription This property allows you to specify a description for the backup set. BackupSetName This property is the Backup set name. Database This property allows you to specify the database to back up. Devices This property specifies the devices you will be backing up to.
Initialize This method initializes the Backup process. TruncateLog This property allows you to specify how to handle the truncate log when backing up. SQLBackup This method performs the actual backup. BackupDevices This is a collection of backup devices for a SQL Server. BackupDevice Name Thisis the name of a specific backup device. ReadBackupHeader This method reads in the header information for a backup, returning a QueryResults object. QueryResults ColumnName This is the individual property information about a backup. GetColumnString This is the actual value for individual header information. Using the objects listed in Table 7.3, you will create a form with options for the user to back up his database and verify the information after it has been saved. Note Not all the possible options will be included in the form created for this How-To. For example, you could allow the user to back up the database to a separate file and give him additional options for the type of backup to perform. Odds are good that you will not want to give the users all the options they could have; that is one of the reasons you want to create the dialog box here instead of letting users use the Enterprise Manager. Steps Open and run the VB.NET -Chapter 7 solution. From the main Windows form, click on the command button with the caption How-To 7.2. As with How-To 7.1, a user clicks on the SQL Server that he wants to display the databases of. He can then choose the database and backup device. From there, the user can click the Backup button to perform the backup. You can then click on the verify
button to have information about the backup displayed in the text box at the bottom of the form. The form will look similar to the one displayed in Figure 7.7. 1. Create a Windows Form. Then place the controls shown in Figure 7.7, with the following properties set as in Table 7.4. Table 7.4. Controls and Their Property Settings Object Property Setting Label Name Label1 Text SQL Servers ListBox Name lstSQLServers Label Name Label2 Text Databases ListBox Name lstDatabases Label Name Label3 Text Backup Devices ListBox Name lstBackupDevices Command Button Name btnBackup Text &Backup Label Name Label4 Text Backup Set Name TextBox Name txtBackupSetName Text MyTestBackup Label Name Label5 Text Options Panel Name Panel1 Groupbox Name grpAction Text Action
Radio Button Name rbFull Checked True Text Full Radio Button Name rbIncremental Checked False Text Incremental Groupbox Name grpTruncateLog Text Truncate Log Radio Button Name rbNoLog Checked True Text No Log Radio Button Name rbNoTruncate Checked False Text No Truncate Radio Button Name rbTruncate Checked False Text Truncate Label Name Label5 Text Backup Set Description TextBox Name txtBackupSetDescription Text MyTestBackup Checkbox Name chkInitialize Text Initialize? TextBox Name txtVerify Multiline True
Scrollbars Both Command Button Name btnVerify Text &Verify Command Button Name btnClose Text &Close 2. On the form, add the code in Listing 7.8 to the Load event. This will look familiar to How-To 7.1. For an examination of the LoadSQLServers routine, check out step 4 in that How-To. Listing 7.8 frmHowTo7_2.vb: Calling the Routine That Loads Available SQL Servers into a List Box Private Sub frmHowTo7_2_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load '-- Load up the SQL Servers LoadSQLServers(Me.lstSQLServers) End Sub 3. On the lstSQLServers list box, add the code in Listing 7.9 to the SelectedIndexChanged event. This routine calls both the GetSQLDatabases, described in step 6 of How-To 7.1, and GetBackupDevices, described in the next step. Listing 7.9 frmHowTo7_2.vb: Populating the lstDatabases and lstBackupDevices List Boxes Private Sub lstSQLServers_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _ Handles lstSQLServers.SelectedIndexChanged GetSQLDatabases(Me.lstSQLServers.SelectedItem, Me.lstDatabases) GetBackupDevices(Me.lstSQLServers.SelectedItem, Me.lstBackupDevices) End Sub
4. Create the GetBackupDevices routine by entering the code in Listing 7.10 into the new module you created in How-To 7.1. The first task attempted by this routine is to connect to the server that is selected. Next, the names of the backup devices that are within the SQL Server are loaded into the list box called lstBackupDevices. Listing 7.10 modSQLDMORoutines.vb: Retrieving Backup Device Names for a Given SQL Server Public Sub GetBackupDevices(ByVal strSQLServer As String, _ ByRef lstBackupDevices As ListBox) Dim oDevice As SQLDMO.BackupDevice '-- Log on to the SQL Server. Dim osvr As SQLDMO.SQLServer = New SQLDMO.SQLServer() osvr.LoginSecure = True osvr.Connect(strSQLServer) lstBackupDevices.Items.Clear() '-- Iterate through the backup devices. For Each oDevice In osvr.BackupDevices lstBackupDevices.Items.Add(oDevice.Name) Next End Sub 5. On the btnBackup button, add the code in Listing 7.11 to the Click event. After connecting to the chosen SQL Server, a Backup object is instantiated. Next, certain properties of the Backup object, called oBackup, are set to values that are specified on the form. The SQLBackup method is called off the Backup object, and the connection is closed. Last, the variables are cleared (set to Nothing) and a message box is displayed. Listing 7.11 frmHowTo7_2.vb: Performing the Backup Private Sub btnBackup_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnBackup.Click '-- Create a connection to the server Dim osvr As New SQLDMO.SQLServer() osvr.LoginSecure = True
osvr.Connect(Me.lstSQLServers.SelectedItem) '-- Create a Backup object, and set the necessary properties ' based on options chosen on the form. Dim oBackup As New SQLDMO.Backup() With oBackup If Me.rbFull.Checked Then .Action = SQLDMO.SQLDMO_BACKUP_TYPE.SQLDMOBackup_Database Else .Action = SQLDMO.SQLDMO_BACKUP_TYPE.SQLDMOBackup_Differential End If .BackupSetDescription = Me.txtBUSetDescription.Text .BackupSetName = Me.txtBUSetName.Text .Database = Me.lstDatabases.SelectedItem .Devices = "[" & Me.lstBackupDevices.SelectedItem & "]" If Me.rbNoLog.Checked Then .TruncateLog = _ SQLDMO.SQLDMO_BACKUP_LOG_TYPE.SQLDMOBackup_Log_NoLog ElseIf Me.rbNoTruncate.Checked Then .TruncateLog = _ SQLDMO.SQLDMO_BACKUP_LOG_TYPE.SQLDMOBackup_Log_NoTrunca te Else .TruncateLog = _ SQLDMO.SQLDMO_BACKUP_LOG_TYPE.SQLDMOBackup_Log_Truncate End If .Initialize = Me.chkInitialize.Checked '-- Execute the backup .SQLBackup(osvr) End With '-- Disconnect from the server and clean up.
osvr.DisConnect() osvr = Nothing oBackup = Nothing MessageBox.Show("Database Backed Up", "Task Completed", _ MessageBoxButtons.OK) End Sub 6. Add the code in Listing 7.12 to the Click event of btnVerify. After connecting to the SQL Server, the code iterates through each of the backup devices for the server and locates the one that the form specifies. After the specific backup device is located, the ReadBackupHeader method is called, with an SQLDMO.QueryResults object returned. Each row of the QueryResults is read, and then the information is displayed in a text box called txtVerifyDisplay. From there, the SQLServer object is disconnected. Listing 7.12 frmHowTo7_2.vb: Performing the Backup Private Sub btnVerify_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnVerify.Click Dim oDevice As SQLDMO.BackupDevice Dim oResults As SQLDMO.QueryResults Dim intRowCount As Integer Dim intColCount As Integer '-- Create a connection to the server Dim osvr As New SQLDMO.SQLServer() osvr.LoginSecure = True osvr.Connect(Me.lstSQLServers.SelectedItem) '-- Iterate through the devices For Each oDevice In osvr.BackupDevices If oDevice.Name = Me.lstBackupDevices.SelectedItem Then '-- If found, display the results oResults = oDevice.ReadBackupHeader
For intRowCount = 1 To oResults.Rows For intColCount = 1 To oResults.Columns Me.txtVerifyDisplay.Text &= _ oResults.ColumnName(intColCount) & " - " Me.txtVerifyDisplay.Text &= _ oResults.GetColumnString(intRowCount, _ intColCount) & vbCrLf & vbCrLf Next Next End If Next '-- Disconnect and clean up osvr.DisConnect() osvr = Nothing oDevice = Nothing oResults = Nothing End Sub 7. Add the code in Listing 7.13 to the Click event of btnClose. Listing 7.13 frmHowTo7_2.vb: Performing the Backup Private Sub btnClose_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnClose.Click Me.Close() End Sub Figure 7.7. Creating a form for backing up and verifying a SQL Database gives you control over what options the user has when performing the task.
How It Works After the form loads, the user can select the SQL Server, database, and backup device. When the user clicks the button labeled Perform Backup, a SQLDMO Backup object is created. The Backup object gives you the same capabilities as if you were using the Enterprise Manager-except that you control them. Only put options on the form that you want to have the user set, and then set the other options yourself, as you deem necessary. After setting the options, the SQLBackup method performs the backup. By using the QueryResults object off the BackupDevice, you have a means of looking at some of the properties of the backup and verifying them to make sure the database did indeed get backed up. Comments You could enhance this utility in a number of ways, a couple of which include the following:
• Add a text box for letting the user specify a filename for the backup, rather than using a backup device. • Allow the user to add backup devices. Currently, only existing backup devices can be used. Just be careful on what options you give the user so he doesn't shoot himself in the foot.