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Báo cáo khoa học: "Micropropagation of Paulownia taiwaniana from mature tissues"

Chia sẻ: Nguyễn Minh Thắng | Ngày: | Loại File: PDF | Số trang:3

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Micropropagation of Paulownia taiwaniana from mature tissues C.K. Ho J.C. Yang, S.H. Chang Rd., Taipei 10728, Taiwan, 53 Nan-Hai Forestry Research Institute, Silviculture Division, Taiwan R.O.C. or kinetin for the induction of aminopurine (BA) Introduction multishoots. The individual stems separated from multishoots were then transferred onto the same MS basic medium, but supplemented with Paulownia taiwaniana is an important 0-4 mg/i 2-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or agroforestry species in Taiwan. However, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for root formation. All witches’ broom has impaired the reforesta- cultures were incubated at 25 ± 2°C with a 10 h tion program for many years. The search photoperiod and light intensity of 65-75 ol-S-1-M-2. M y for disease-free individuals in infected plantations and then multiplying them by means of shoot-tip culture is part of our pest management program. This paper Results and Discussion reports the appropriate techniques to pro- duce disease-free plants from mature tis- sues of P. taiwaniana. After 7 days of incubation in MS medium, the survival rate of lateral shoots was 99%, while branch apices became brown and finally died, indicating that rejuvena- Materials and Methods tion by means of trimming branches may improve the survival and overcome tissue browning, as pointed out by Franclet The apices of small branches and their lateral (1981). The multiplication and growth of shoots which emerged after the removal of new shoots did not exhibit marked dif- branch tips were excised from an 8 yr old tree of P. taiwaniana. Both meristem tissues, ferences among the 3 strengths of MS 0.5-0.8 cm long, were cleaned under running media, which is in contrast to the recom- tap water for 30 min, followed by sterilization in mendation of using a low salt medium as 70% ethanol for 30 s and then in 0.5% sodium the base formulation for woody plants, hypochlorite in a supersonic vibrator for 10 min. Finally the tissues were washed 3 times in given by McCown and Selimer (1987). sterile distilled water. High level (15 ppm) BA stimulated The sterilized explants were first cultured on 92.5% of the explants to form multishoots solid and liquid Murashige and Skoog (1962) in both solid and liquid MS. However, the MS basic media with full, 1/2 and 1I3 strength proliferation of new shoots from every and supplemented with 0.1-15 mg/i 6-benzyl-
explant in solid MS (>50) (Fig. 1) was from P taiwaniana could be sue com- much higher than in liquid MS (only 10). to that of tissue from the parable juvenile Kinetin did not effectively induce multi- al., 1988), however, species (Ho et same shoot formation as described by Wang the patterns of differentiation for each and Hu (1980). It is interesting to note that were different. The former reproduced the regeneration capability of mature tis- multishoots directly from explants, while
the latter regenerated multishoots via cal- Acknowledgments lus and, hence, some variations might occur. This research was supported by a grant from The in vitro shoots carrying 2 tiny leaves the National Science Council of the Republic of China in Taiwan. and a stem node about 1 cm long were cultured on the filter paper bridge in liquid MS containing 4 ppm IBA. A satisfactory rooting rate of 88.9% and an average 9.4 References roots/shoot were obtained (Fig. 2). All of the rooted shoots survived and became healthy plantlets for field planting trials or Franclet A. (1981) Rajeunissement et micro- des ligneux. In: Proc. IUFRO Sect. propagation infection experiments. The use of a filter S2.01.5. lnt. Workshop In Vitro Cultivation For. paper bridge in liquid MS medium con- Tree Species, Fontainebleau, France, pp. 55-64 firmed the reasons given by Hu and Wang Ho C.K., Chang S.H. & Yang J.C. (1988) Tissue (1983) that it may facilitate the diffusion of culture of Paulownia taiwaniana from juvenile certain toxic substances which extrude tissue. Paper presented at Symp. on Tree from the in vitro shoots and, hence, im- Improv. and Tissue Culture, Experimental Forest of National Taiwan University, Chi-tou, prove rooting and survival of plantlets. 17-19 May 1988, pp. 16-18 8 Hu C.Y. & Wang P.J. (1983) Meristem, shoot tip, and bud cultures. In: Handbook of Plant Cell Culture, Vol. I. Techniques for Propagation and Conclusions Breeding. (Evans D.A., et aL, eds.), Macmillan Publishing Co., New York, pp. 177-227 The most suitable explant for micropropa- McCown B.H. & Sellmer J.C. (1987) General gation of mature P. taiwaniana is the axil- media and vessels suitable for woody plant cul- ture. In: Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry, lary bud which emerges after the removal Vol. I. General Principles and Biotechnology. of the branch apical meristem. (Bonga J.M. & Durzan D.J., eds.), Martinus Nij- The multiplication and growth of in vitro hoff Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 4-16 6 shoots can be effectively enhanced by Murashige T & Skoog F. (1962) A revised adding 15 ppm BA to solid MS culture medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473- medium. 497 Satisfactory rooting can be obtained P.J. & Hu C.Y (1980) Regeneration of Wang when the in vitro shoots carrying 2 tiny virus-free plants through in vitro culture. In: leaves and a stem node about 1 cm long Adv. Biochem. Eng., Vol. 18. Plant Cell Culture are cultured on a filter paper bridge in IL (Fiechter A., ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. liquid MS. 61-99

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