Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in the bark respiration of standing Quercus acutissima trees in Nakaizu, Japan"

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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in the bark respiration of standing Quercus acutissima trees in Nakaizu, Japan...

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Diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in the bark respiration of standing Quercus acutissima trees in Nakaizu, Japan Y. Kakubari Laboratory of Silviculture, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan Kakubari 1988). As a first step, the diurnal Introduction and seasonal fluctuations in bark respi- ration from the stem were measured in To compare annual carbon balances standing trees of red oak (Quercus acut among different types of forest exosys- issima) in Nakaizu, Shizuoka Pref., Japan. tems or to study the relationship between photosynthetic production and tree growth, the amount of carbon fixed in pho- tosynthesis and the respiratory loss by Materials and Methods woody organs must be known approxi- mately. The amount of information about bark respiration in field studies of woody The measurements of bark respiration were performed from March 1986 to May 1987 in a organs of trees is especially limited. In 19 yr old coppice stand, felled 3 times before, in situ measurements on stem respiration Nakaizu (N 34°58’, E 139°1’, altitude 320 m), rates in trees have been made by Johans- about 95 km northeast of Shizuoka. The gen- son (1933), Negisi (1975), Linder and eral climate is characterized by abundant rain- Troeng (1981),Havranek (1985) and fall (approximately 3700 mm annually), and the
annual average air temperature is 13.8°C. Bark many forest tree The increase of species. respiration was measured in 8 parts of stem rates is connected with the respiration bark at different heights of dominant (d) and fluctuations of xylem temperatures and suppressed (s) trees, located at the edge (o) diameter growth (Linder and Troeng, and within ( the stand (Table I). ) * 1981; Havranek, 1985). The respiration chambers were enclosed with plates of stainless-steel forming cylinders. Air was circulated over the enclosed bark surface Diurnal fluctuations in stem bark respira- at a flow rate of 800-3000 ml/min through inlet tion as related to temperature changes and outlet vinyl tubes attached to the respiration chamber. The xylem temperature was mea- sured with an iron-constantan thermocouple The diurnal fluctuations of stem bark res- inserted into the inner layer of the bark. The bark respiration and air, xylem and soil tem- piration at 0.4, 6.4 and 12.4 m at the edge peratures were monitored continuously with a of the stand on 30 July 1986 are shown in measuring system, connected with an interface Fig. 2 together with photosynthetically board to an I/O processing unit and infrared gas active radiation, xylem and air tempera- analyzer (Kakubari, 1988). tures. The daily course of bark respiration was closely dependent upon xylem tem- perature changes throughout the day. In Results and Discussion the stem near the ground, the xylem tem- perature was constant at any time of day because of the cooling effect of the sap Seasonal fluctuations in bark respiration flow, corresponding to the soil tempera- rates in relationship to xylem temperature ture. With increasing heights, xylem tem- perature rose quicker during the day, and the difference between the daily maximum In Fig. 1, bark respiration rates measured and minimum values of respiration rates in throughout different seasons are com- the upper part of the stem was greater pared with seasonal fluctuations of xylem than that of the lower part of the same temperature. Bark respiration rates were stem. Between 600 h and 1800 h on July at low levels during the spring, autumn 30 at 0.4 m, the respiration rates at the and winter, and at high levels from June to edge of the stand underwent a daytime August, except for rainy and cold days depression. The depression was more during the monsoon season. The de- remarkable in lower parts of the stem and crease in respiration rate during the dor- on fine days during the growing season. mant season and its increase during the On cloudy and rainy days, the depression growing season have been observed in
Mount Patscherkofel. Proc. 3rd IUFRO not as remarkable as it was on clear on was 1.07-00 1984. Eidg. Anst. Forstt. Workshop P in Negisi studied the day- days summer. Versuchswes. Ber. 270, 135-142 time depression in bark respiration in Johansson N. (1933) The relationship between young Pinus densiflora trees (1975) and the tree stem’s respiration and its growth. showed that the daytime depression in Sven. Skogsvardsfoeren. Tdskr. 10, 53-134 bark respiration was obscured after shad- Kakubari Y. (1988) Diumal and seasonal fluc- ing, defoliation or cutting of the stem at the tuations in the bark respiration of standing base level. His results suggest that the Fagus sylvatica trees at Soiling, West Germany. water status of trees is an important factor J. Jpn. For. Soc. 70, 64-70 relating to the daytime depression of bark Linder S. & Troeng E. (1981) The seasonal respiration of the stem at the stem base. variation in stem and coarse root respiration of a 20-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). In : Radial Growth in Trees. (Tranquillini W., ed.), Mitt. Forstl. Bundes-Versuchsanst. !en References 142, 125-139 Negisi K. (1975) Diurnal fluctuation of C0 2 release from the stem bark of young Pinus Havranek W.M. (1985) Gas exchange and dry densiflora trees. J. Jpn. For. Soc. 57, 375-383 matter allocation in larch at the alpine timberline