Bí quyết học tiếng Anh qua tin tức: Phần 2

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Nối tiếp phần 1, phần 2 của cuốn "Học tiếng Anh qua tin tức" tiếp tục tình bày các bản tin về vấn đề văn hóa - xã hội của việt Nam và thế giới. Có thể nói, "Học tiếng Anh qua tin tức" là một tài liệu học tiếng Anh rất bổ ích cho những ai mong muốn nâng cao và phát triển toàn diện khả năng tiếng Anh của mình thông qua một phương thức tiếp cận mới.

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Nội dung Text: Bí quyết học tiếng Anh qua tin tức: Phần 2

SOCIAL - CULTURAL NEWS TIN TỨC VĂN HÓA - X Ã HỘI
------------------------------------------------------------------N 25. SOUTH SUDAN FACES OBSTACLES \ A. Từ Vựng English Part of speech Vietnamese South Sudan n Cộng hòa Nam Sudan independence n nền độc lập develop V phát triển neglect n sự bỏ bê, tắc trách government n chính phủ public n công chúng system n hệ thống illiteracy n mù chữ estimate V ước đoán register V đăng kí
education n nền giáo dục minister n bộ trưởng issue V, n phát hành, đưa ra propose V đề xuất, đưa ra budget n ngân sách include V bao gồm lecturer n giảng viên, người thuyết giảng salary n tiền lương commission n ủy ban, nhiệm vụ carpentry n nghề mộc agricultural adj thuộc về nông nghiệp B. Bản tin SOUTH SUDAN FACES OBSTACLES O n July ninth, South Sudan becomes die w orld's one h u n d red ninety-third nation. Almost ninety-nine percent of voters last m onth chose independence from the north. South Sudan will also be one of the world's least d e v e l o p e d nations. This follows years of w ar and n e g l e c t by the Sudanese governm ent in Khartoum.
South Sudan is about the size of France. Yet it has only fifty kilometers of good roads and alm ost no public electrical pow er or other basic systems. Illiteracy rates are high. There are estim ates that more than eighty percent of the population cannot read or write. There are five universities. Three of them moved their operations to die north during the war. The southern governm ent has brought most of the students back. Officials estim ate that about twenty-five thousand students have registered at the five universities. Classes were supposed to start in April. But the Ministry for Higher Education in the south has now moved the opening date to the m iddle of May. The governm ent pays for food and provides housing for students. But higher education minister Joseph Ukel says finding enough space was one reason for die delay. Another issue is money. The governm ent in Khartoum will pay for the schools until July. Mr. Ukel says the southern governm ent’s proposed budget for this year does not include any m oney for the universities. Then there is the problem of teachers. Almost seventy-five percent of the lecturers are from the north. They are not likely to travel to the south to continue teaching for their schools.
Mr. Ukel says his ministry has asked southern Sudanese teachers outside the country to return. William Deng heads a commission supervising the return of ninety thousand former fighters to civilian life. He says m ost of the soldiers who have come out of the southern arm y need education and training. £3 Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu hỏi sau 1. Why is South Sudan one of the world’s least developed nations according to the news? 2. How many people can read or write are there in South Sudan? 3. How many percent of voters chose independence from the north? 4. What most of the soldiers who have come out of the southern army need? 5. W ho’s Joseph Ukel?
c. Ngữ pháp - one of +N (plural): một trong số gi đó South Sudan will also be one of the world’s least developed nations. D. Bài dịch Hãy dịch đoạn văn "The government pays for food ....need education and training" sang tiếng Việt.
-------------------------------------------------------------------\ 26. DOCTORS LACK MANY WAYS TO TREAT RADIATION EXPOSURE / A. Từ Vựng English Part of speech Vietnamese across adv băng qua radiation n phóng xạ radioactive adj có tính phóng xạ plutonium n pluton pill n thuốc iodine n i ốt trace n vết tích power station n nhà máy điện treatm ent n sự chữa trị exposure n tiếp xúc
potassium n kali organ n cơ quan gland n tuyến cancer n ung thư crisis n khủng hoảng possible adj khả dĩ thyroid n tuyến giáp absorb V hấp thụ result V kết quả promise n hứa hẹn research n cuộc nghiên cứu B. Bản tin DOCTORS LACK MANY WAYS TO TREAT RADIATION EXPOSURE Countries across Asia and beyond are reporting small am ounts of radiation from the disabled nuclear reactors in Japan. But officials say these levels are not a threat to public health. On Tuesday, Chinese officials reported low levels of radioactive iodine-131 in areas of southeastern China. These include Guangxi, G uangdong and ( 124^
Shanghai. Earlier tests found the material in the northeastern province of Heilongjiang. In South Korea, nuclear safety officials say they have found radioactive iodine in Seoul and several other areas. Traces from the Fukushim a pow er station have also been found as far aw ay as Britain and the eastern United States. Radioactive iodine loses half its strength in a week. But a more dangerous material, plutonium , has also been found in soil near the pow er plant. Some medicines, like Prussian blue pills, can help expel radioactive elem ents from the body. But there are not a lot of treatm ents for radiation exposure. The best know n is potassium iodine. The pills flood the thyroid gland w ith non-radioactive iodine. The thyroid gland is a small organ in the neck that requires iodine for good health. But people exposed to high levels of radioactive iodine can get thyroid cancer. The pills block the thyroid from absorbing radioactive iodine and reduce the cancer risk. But the pills are n ot a cure for radiation sickness. And they w ork only if the radioactive iodine has been taken into the body through food or drink. The W orld H ealth O rganization is w arning the public not to use potassium iodide unless health officials advise them to. W HO spokesman Gregory H artl says the pills have their ow n risks.
The crisis in Japan is the result of dam age from the March eleventh earthquake and tsunam i In the United States, the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute is looking for more- effective treatm ents for radiation exposure. The institute is w orking w ith a company called Onconova on one possible treatm ent know n as Ex-Rad. Onconova officials say Ex-Rad has shown prom ise in tests on animals, but several more years of research are needed. ẼQ Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu hỏi sau 1. In which provinces do Chinese officials report low levels of radioactive iodine-131? 2. W hat is the effect of Prussian blue pills? 3. W hat’s thyroid gland? 4. Under what conditions do Prussian blue pills work? 5. What caused the crisis in Japan?
c. Ngũ pháp - to expel som eone/ sth from sth: loại bỏ a i/ cái gi ra khỏi đâu Some medicines, like Prussian blue pills, can help expel radioactive elem ents from the body. But there are not a lot of treatm ents for radiation exposure. - be exposed to: bị nhiễm People exposed to high levels of radioactive iodine can get thyroid cancer. - the result of damange from sth: hậu quả từ việc gi The crisis in Japan is the result of damage from the March eleventh earthquake and tsunami. D. Bài dịch Hãy dịch đoạn văn "Traces from the Fukushima power station....reduce the cancer risk." sang tiếng Việt.
f \ 27. HOW CAN A COUNTRY DISCONNECT ITSELF FROM THE INTERNET? V J) A. Từ Vựng English Part of speech Vietnamese shutdown n sự hỏng, đánh sập technical adj thuộc về kĩ thuật chief adj chủ yếu, quan trọng, chính scientist n nhà khoa học indestructible adj không thể phá hủy, không thể công phá prosaic adj chán ngắt, tầm thường bottleneck n bế tắc explain n giải thích provider n nhà cung cấp handful n một số
disrupt V phá vỡ, đánh thủng legislation n ngành lập pháp measure n biện pháp bill n dự luật B. Bản tin HOW C A N A COUNTRY DISCONNECT ITSELF FROM THE INTERNET? A five-day Internet shutdow n in Egypt failed to stop the protests that forced President Hosni Mubarak to resign. But it raised a technical question. Just how were Egyptian officials able to shut dow n Internet service in their country? Craig Labovitz is chief scientist at Arbor Networks, an Internet security company in the American state of Michigan. Mr. Labovitz says the Internet is not as indestructible as people m ight think. He says there are points w here the flow of com puter traffic can be restricted because the engineering realities are a lot more prosaic. In many countries there are a few natural bottlenecks, w hether it be large data centers or right-of- ways. Mr. Labovitz says his researchers tracked the Internet shut dow n in Egypt as it was being carried out. He explains that in Egypt, Internet users connect to the outside w orld through a small num ber of providers w ith international links. So they really just need to turn off a handful of machines to disrupt internet.
News reports suggested that the fiber optic links for those netw orks are even all housed in the same building. Could a similar Internet shutdow n take place in the United States? Craig Labovitz says that is less of a possibility because of a larger num ber of Internet providers and data centers. Still, the recent shutdown in Egypt has raised new concerns about a proposal in the United States Congress. Critics say the legislation could make similar action possible in America. The m easure is known as the Protecting Cyberspace as a National Asset Act. Senator Joseph Lieberm an of Connecticut first proposed the bill last June. Supporters say it would help protect the country’s economic and national security from cyber attack. It w ould give the president the emergency power to shut dow n or seize parts of the nation's Internet in the event of a major threat. Critics say the bill would give the president too much power. Some people call it the "Kill Switch Bill" - an easy way to shut off the Internet. They say the governm ent could use it to censor the Web and confrol the flow of information. Ê3 Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu hỏi sau 1. What’s Arbor Networks? 2. Whv could computer traffic be restricted in Egypt recently?
3. Why is there less of a possibility of Internet disruption in the u.s? 4. W hat’s argum ent critics raise to oppose theBill? 5. W hat’s argum ent supporters raise to support the Bill? c. Ngữ pháp - force someone to do sth: bắt buộc ai làm điều gì A five-day Internet shutdown in Egypt failed to stop the protests that forced President Hosni M ubarak to resign. - bill: bản trình bày một luật mới được đưa ra, sẽ được thảo luận trước khi bầu chọn Senator Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut first proposed the bill last June. D. Bài dịch Hãy dịch đoạn văn "Could a similar Internet shutdown ....control the flow of information" sang tiếng Việt.
\ 28. CLASSES START IN MARCH AT INTERNET TRAINING CENTER IN TOGO J A. Từ Vựng English Part of speech Vietnamese training n sự đào tạo union n liên đoàn launch V đưa ra, phóng plumbing n thuật hàn chỉ instructor n người hướng dẫn intensive adj chuyên sâu, mạnh mẽ program n chương trình encourage V cổ vũ, động viên participation n sự tham gia enrollment n sự kết nạp, sự đăng kí recommendation n đề xuất, sự khuyến nghị ÍĨ32ÍQ
attend V tham gia basics n những khái niệm cơ bản professional n người chuyên nghiệp spread V lan rộng B. Bản tin CLASSES START IN MARCH AT INTERNET TRAINING CENTER IN TOGO A new Internet training center in Togo will give young people in that p art of West Africa a chance to improve their job skills. The International Telecommunication Union and the com puter-netw orking com pany Cisco Systems launched the center. A telecom company in Lome is also taking p art in the effort. R obert Shaw of the ITU says students will learn the basics of w hat he calls the "real plum bing of the Internet." This m onth, five instructors completed two weeks of intensive training know n as the Cisco Certified N e t w o r k i n g Academy. They also learned how to train others. Robert Shaw says this kind of train-the-trainer program helps m eet a grow ing dem and for
professionals in information and communication technologies, or ICT. Mr. Shaw says recent years have seen an even stronger dem and for these kinds of programs in the developing world. He said that at the end of 2010 there's about two billion users on the internet. The majority of those - about 1.2 billion - is now in developing countries and that's alm ost the complete opposite of what the situation was five years ago. The ITU launched its Internet Training Center program in two thousand one. The centers are meant to help spread the grow th of ICT jobs to developing countries. More than eighty centers have opened in the Asia-Pacific area, Latin America, Eastern Europe and Africa. Mr. Shaw says the new center in Lome will open to students in March. He stated that one of the things they're trying to do in this program is also to encourage participation by wom en, by girls. So there's a recommendation that they target at least thirty percent female enrollment. Other locations in Africa include Angola, Cape Verde, Kenya, Malawi and Mali. They also include Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, Mauritania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Students pay for die training; the cost is different in each counfry. Those who complete the program are know n as Cisco-certified. The program lasts about six months because most students attend part time.
Ễâ Hãy dựa vào bản tin trên để trả lời các câu hỏi sau 1. W hat does ITU stand for? 2. How many instructors completed two weeks of intensive training this month? 3. How many internet users are there in developing countries? 4. W hen did ITU ITU launch its Internet Training Center program? 5. When will new center in Lome open? c. Ngừ pháp - take part in: tham gia vào A telecom company in Lome is also taking part in the effort. - keep up with: theo kip And the rate of change means it’s very difficult for the classical educational program s to keep up with the demand that’s out there in the marketplace.
D. Bài dịch Hãy dịch đoạn văn "The ITU launched....thirty persent female enrollment" sang tiếng Việt.