Biogas Composite hiệu quả kinh tế và môi trường - ThS. Trần Hậu Khanh

Nang Iffdng Biogas ngoai viec sQ dung cho<br /> BIOGAS COMPOSITE HIEU QUA dun nau hang ngay cdn cd the sQ dung phai dien d<br /> quy md gia dinh, bao dam cung ca'p mdt phan dien<br /> KINH I E VA MOI TRl/GfNG nang, bao ve mdi trffdng, nang cao sffc khoe cho<br /> cdng ddng dan cff va phuc vu irQc tie'p cho san<br /> ThS. TRAN HAU KHANH xua'l ndng nghiep. Ngoai ra cdn cd the' sQ dung cho<br /> Trung tdm LfDTB KHCN Hd Tinh cdc muc dich khdc nhff: Ld sa'y, den thap sang,<br /> at Ueu Composite la loai nhQa khong tai che may sa'y ehudng gia sue, dung cho he thdng dun<br /> <br /> V tdng hdp tff sdi thuy tinh, sdi cac bon va Hen<br /> ke't bang nhffa Polyste, dffdc sQ dung san xua'l<br /> cac san pham chiu linh an mdn cao, thdi tiet, mdi<br /> nffdc ndng, cdc lii lanh chay bang gas, binh tam<br /> chay bang gas, ndi edm chay bang gas,...<br /> Sa do qud trinh len men Metan<br /> trffdng khac nghiet va tia cQc tim, Iffc va dap ldn nhff:<br /> Be chffa dung djch hod chat H2SO4, HCL, lau ihuyen, Chat hffu cd phffc tap<br /> cano va cdc san pham de' ngoai trdi. (hydrocarbon, protein, Hpid)<br /> Be Biogas vat lieu Composite dffdc thQ dp<br /> suat ngay sau khi lap dat nen cd dd kin tuyet dd'i,<br /> nhe, van chuyen de dang, 12p dat hoan thien Chat hffu cd ddn gian<br /> trong 5 gicf, len gas trong 4 ngay, kha nang IQ (dffdng peplid, acid amin)<br /> dieu dp khi biogas, khi biogas qud nhieu IQ ddng<br /> xa khi khdng can van an loan, tff ddng phd vdng.<br /> Iff ddng day ba ra khdi be. Hien nay tren thi trffdng Cdc acid<br /> cd cdc loai ham Biogas Composite hinh cau dffdng (Propionic, bulynic axetic. lactic)<br /> kinh 2,42 m; 2,27 m va 1,9 m.<br /> Biogas (khi sinh hgc) la mdi mdt hdn hdp khi<br /> dffdc sinh ra khi cha't thai ddng vat va cac chat hffu HZ C02^ -ACETAT<br /> cd (phu pha'm ndng nghiep) bi phan buy len men<br /> trong dieu kien ky khi, bao gdm Metan (CH4),<br /> Cdc bon dioxit (CO2), Nitd (N2) va Hydro -CH4 va C02<br /> Sunphua (H2S), Irong dd Metan la chat khi de<br /> chay chie'm 60 - 70% va Cacbon dioxit 30 - 40%, Sau khi li len men, ham Iffdng nitd Irong phan<br /> nang Iffdng khoang 4.500 - 6.000 calo/m-' (Im^ khi gia sue dffdc chuyen hoa thanh Amoniac lam cho<br /> vdi mffc 6.000 calo cd the Iffdng dffdng vdi 1 lit cay trdng de ha'p thu hdn. Trong phan chat thai<br /> cdn; 0,8 lit xang; 0,6 lit dau thd; 1,4 kg than hoa can cdn cd: Phdt pho. Kali, Man gan va mdt so<br /> hay 2,2 kWh dien ndng) nguyen Id' vi Iffdng khdc ra't can thie't cho cay<br /> Hi^u qua, kinh te trdng. Nhff vay, cac chat ba thai cua he thd'ng<br /> Nhd vao sff tuan hoan lien luc ciia ham Biogas<br /> (Xem tie'p trang 20)<br /> Composite, Iffdng Biotas nhieu hdn be' xay cd<br /> cung the tich. XQ ly de dang khi gap sff cd trong<br /> qua trinh sQ dung. Day la loai bdn be due san,<br /> thuan ldi trong xay lap, hieu sua'l xQ ly cao, kin<br /> khi, cho thu dffdc nhieu gas. Loai be nay phu hdp<br /> ca vung da't lun, sinh lay, viing da't cat. "Iff trffdc<br /> ldi nay, ba con ndng dan Ihffdng sQ dung loai be<br /> xay, loai nay sau mdt thdi gian sQ dung de bi rd<br /> khi, lau cd gas, Ihffdng xay ra hien Iffdng ke'l vang.<br /> O nhffng viing dat sul lun, nghieng, cat, gap nffdc<br /> xay be ra't khd khan, tdn kem kinh phi... Bon be<br /> Biogas composite khac phuc dffdc nhffng .nhffdc<br /> diem nay.<br /> Hieu sua'l sinh khi ciia bdn be' Biogas compos-<br /> ite cao gap 1-1.5 lan so vdi be xay gach cung the'<br /> lich, dp sua'l khi gas cho tff 12 KPa - 25 KPa, cd<br /> kha nang chd'ng ke't vdng, chuyen hoa len men Cdn bg ky thuat Trung tdm l/DTB KHCN lap ddt<br /> trong dieu kien yem khi cao, nhiet do dn dinh iff he thd'ng Biogas Composite tgi xd Tligch Dien.<br /> 280c - 40^0, ludn duy iri dffdc do pH = 7.2 - 7.5. Anh: T.B<br /> <br /> <br /> SO KHOfl HOC S CONG NGH€ Hfl TINH ( 2 1 !<br />  • Kim loai ndng (v.d., Pb, Cd, Hg) thi nen cdt kinh thanh cdc ta'm cd chieu dai phu hdp,<br /> Chinh qua trinh bay hdi da bd lai Ihanh phan cac chd ghep cd the dung silicon de lam kin.<br /> cha't ran, cdn tia cffc lim cd trong phd bffc xa mat Ve mat cdng nghe, hien nay ngffdi ta dung cdc<br /> trdi la tdc nhan deu diet vi sinh vat cd trong nffdc bien phdp sau: lap them gffdng phan xa de tap<br /> nhiem ban. trung ndng Iffdng vao hdp thu; dffa vat lieu bie'n<br /> Bang dffdi day la ke't qua phan lich cac loai ddi pha d nhiet dd tha'p nhff parafin (nen) vao day<br /> mau nffdc khdc nhau trong bao cao ciia Robert d.e lich nhiet, sau khi mat trdi ldn nhiet an hda Idng<br /> Poster. dffdc giai phdng va truyen cho nffdc nen thdi gian<br /> chffng cat dai hdn; dffa nffdc ndng vao modul cung<br /> Tong so' Iffcfng vi sinh vat/lit la mdt phffdng an hay...<br /> Loai mau<br /> Trffdc chffng cat Sau chffng cat 7. Ldi ke't<br /> Khong E. coli 16.000 4<br /> Sff dung NLMT de chffng ca'l nffdc la mdt trong<br /> nhffng giai phap lat ye'u ciia nhan loai trong tffdng<br /> ; 1<br /> + vi khuan lai de' dd'i phd vdi linh trang bie'n ddi khi hau va<br /> E.coli 2.900.000.000 ihong phat hien khan hiem nffdc sach ngay cang trd nen nghiem<br /> 1 coli trgng.<br /> 1 ;S<br /> + vi khuan Ngoai ra sff dung NLMT cdn cd mdt y nghia<br /> E.coli 7.500.000.000 •Chong phat hien nhan van khi chung la nghien cffu, phd bie'n, chuyen<br /> 'I coli giao cdng nghe nay se mang lai cho con ngffdi mdt<br /> cudc sd'ng yen lanh, hanh phuc, dac biet la ngffdi gia<br /> 6. Cac bien phap nang cao nang suat va tuoi va tre em d vung sau, vung xa cua mdt so tinh trong<br /> tho cua thie't bj<br /> nffdc cd khi hau khac nghiet nhff Ha Tinh va mdt so<br /> Khi thie't ke hay che' tao mdt modul kieu nay tinh ban lang gieng ciia nffdc ban Lao.<br /> dieu quan trgng nha't la giam thieu tdn that nhiet:<br /> dam day ldp each nhiet >5cm, d ndng thdn thi vd Tuy nhien de' cdng nghe di vao cudc sd'ng,<br /> trau la loai vat heu H tffdng nha't; khoang each Iff ta'm ddng gdp lich cQc vao cdng cudc xda ddi giam<br /> kinh den mat ddy cang nhd cang td't; gdc nghieng ngheo, phat trien da't nffdc ddi hdi phia nha nffdc<br /> cua kinh nen chgn khoang 15°; dung siHcon de' lam phai cd nhffng chinh sdch djnh hffdng va hd trd hdp<br /> kin cdc khe hd khdng khi giffa nap kinh va hop. ly. Ben canh viec cap kinh phi cho hoat ddng<br /> Chieu day ldp nffdc luc mdi bd sung nen nghien cQu, ihQ nghiem, nha nffdc can dd dau cho<br /> khoang 1cm, irong mdt ngay nen bd sung nffdc mdt cdc hoat ddng phd bie'n va chuyen giao cdng nghe.<br /> lan vao cdc budi sang sdm. Ndi ham bai viet nay ldc gia hy vgng da mang lai<br /> Nap kinh phai thie't ke' sao cho de thdo ra khi cho ddc gia mdt thdng tin hffu ich hay mdt gdi y ve<br /> can ve sinh phia irong, ddng thdi phai cd khe hd de mdt "cdng nghe xanh" da dffdc dp dung thanh cdng d<br /> bu dan nd nhiet cho tam kinh (Imm/Im). Kinh nen cd rat nhieu ndi tren the' gidi. Ra't mong cdng nghe nay<br /> chieu rdng khoang 65cm de'n 90cm va chieu dai Iff sdm dffdc dp dung vao IhQc le' lai Ha Tinh.<br /> 2m de'n 3m. Ne'u module dai, de tranh kinh dd bi vd T.H<br /> <br /> <br /> Biogas composite.. (Tie'p theo trang 21) qua cao ve kinh te' ma cdn la giai phdp td'i ffu<br /> trong viec xQ ly phan bun. Ke't qua ciia viec li<br /> Biogas dung de' bdn cho cay trdng se ban che' phan trong ham Biogas (30 ngay) loai bd cac<br /> dQdc viec sQ dung phan hda hgc. Tit nhffng van trQng giun, san va mdt sd'ky sinh trung, vi khua'n<br /> de neu tren cho Iha'y, viec ffng dung rdng rai khdc gay benh. Qua trinh len men ky khi se phan<br /> cdng nghe Biogas la mdt giai phap de' giai quye't hiiy hau he't cac cha't hQu cd, giam thie'u d nhidm<br /> linh trang d nhiem mdi trffdng, cung cap ngudn mdi trffdng, han che' td'i da mui hdi thd'i va tdc<br /> cha't dd't, liet kiem nang Iffdng ra't hieu qua d ddng ciia cha't thai chdn nudi ldi cha't Iffdng nffdc<br /> viing ndng thdn nffdc ta. ngam, nffdc mat... xQ ly nffdc thai cua day<br /> Thiei bi biogas la cdng nghe xQ ly mdi chuyen gie't md gia sue, gia cam, cha't thai khdc<br /> trffdng rat hieu qua va thich hdp dd'i vdi cac vung tdn dff hffu cd,... Giff dffdc mdi trffdng ehudng<br /> ndng thdn. Bon be Biogas composite xQ ly chat trai, ndi d sach se va thoang mat, nang cao chat<br /> thai ciia vat nudi bang phffdng phdp len men ky Iffdng cudc sd'ng cho cdng ddng dan cff./.<br /> khi trong ham Biogas khdng nhffng mang lai hieu T.H.K<br /> <br /> 20 SO KHOfl HOC SI CONG NGHC Hfl TINH<br />