Configuring a gateway to gateway VPN is easy using ISA Server

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Configuring a gateway to gateway VPN is easy using ISA Server. The reason why it’s so easy is that the Local and Remote VPN Wizards make the setup a virtual nobrainer. Well, it’s a nobrainer when you’re configuring PPTP VPN gateways. But if you’re in the market for a high security L2TP/IPSec gateway to gateway VPN, you probably have either been trying to avoid it like the plague or you are pulling your hair out trying to figure out how to make it work! Indeed, the certificate infrastructure configuration is a major barrier to entry for those considering L2TP/IPSec VPNs. The reason for this is that’s its virtually impossible to get the straight dope on how to install the certificates! Even the highly acclaimed VPN book by Fortenberry fails to make it clear how to install machine certificates using the Web interface for machines that are not domain members. He focuses on using the Web interface to get a user certificate for PPP EAP/TLS authentication. Forget about this! We’ll handle EAP/TLS at another time. What we want to do right now is to get a L2TP/IPSec link configured and working. Attention: Configuring ISA Server 2000 : Building Firewalls for Windows 2000 By Deb and Tom Shinder http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1928994296/isaserver http://www.amazon.com/exec/obi dos/ASIN/1928994296/isaserver Amazon.com The real trick in making the certificate services infrastructure work is the ability to assign certificates to nondomain member computers. As you’ll see, assigning certificates to domain members is a snap. Its getting the nondomain members a certificate that can give you a headache. In this lab we’ll put together a five computer VMware network that includes two VPN servers, a domain controller, a standalone root CA and a server on the remote network. In the first part of the article, we’ll get the infrastructure put together; install the servers, configure the certificate servers, and install certificates on the Local network. In the second part of the article we’ll install ISA Server, configure the gateway to gateway VPN, and install the certificates on the remote VPN server and remote file server. Procedures in this lab include: Reviewing the Lab Network Installing Certificate Server on a Domain Controller Configuring autoenrollment using Group Policy Confirming Installation of the Machine Certificate Using the MMC Console to Request a Certificate Installing a Standalone Root CA Obtaining a Certificate from the Standalone Root using the Web Interface By the end of this two part lab, you’ll be the ISA/VPN L2TP/IPSec gateway to gateway Wizard! The Lab Network The graphic below shows the lab network:
Service and IP configuration settings on each machine: CLIENTDC: Services: WINS DNS Accepts dynamic updates Configured manually, not via Active Directory Wizard Active Directory Domain name: internal.net [IMAGE PROVIDED with LAB on DVD] IP Configuration: Windows 2000 IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : CLIENTDC Primary DNS Suffix . . . . . . . : internal.net DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : internal.net Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Installation Notes: Install Windows 2000 Advanced Server into the VM. Use the default settings except add the WINS and DNS server services and configure the IP settings manually. Create the DNS zone, internal.net before running DCPROMO. Make sure you create both forward and reverse lookup zones (reverse lookup zone for network ID 10.0.0./24). CERTSRV: Services: No additional network services on installation IP Configuration: Windows 2000 IP Configuration
Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : CERTSRV Primary DNS Suffix . . . . . . . : internal.net DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : internal.net Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.3 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Installation Notes: Install Windows 2000 Advanced Server into the VM using the default settings except for the manual configuration of the IP settings. Join the machine to the internal.net domain. INTERNAL VPN: Services: No additional network services on installation IP Configuration: Windows 2000 IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : INTERNALVPN Primary DNS Suffix . . . . . . . : internal.net DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : internal.net Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection (internal adapter): IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.2 Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection 2 (external adapter): IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.125 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : Installation Notes: This machine is dual homed. Use default settings during the Windows 2000 Advanced Server setup in the VM, except for the manual configuration of IP addressing and joining the domain. EXTERNAL VPN: Services: No additional network services on installation IP Configuration: Windows 2000 IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : EXTERNALVPN Primary DNS Suffix . . . . . . . : DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection (internal adapter):
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.1 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.240.0.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.2 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.2 Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection 2 (external adapter): IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.126 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : Installation Notes: This machine is dual homed. Use default settings during the Windows 2000 Advanced Server setup in the VM, except for the manual configuration of IP addressing and joining the domain. EXTERNALSRV: Services: All IIS Services DNS Accepts dynamic updates WINS IP Configuration: Windows 2000 IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : EXTERNALSRV Primary DNS Suffix . . . . . . . : DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.2 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.240.0.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.2 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 172.16.0.2 Installation Notes: Install Windows 2000 Advanced Server into the VM using the default settings except for the manual configuration of the IP settings. The order of installation should be (from first to last): CLIENTDC CERTSRV INTERNALVPN EXTERNALVPN EXTERNALSRV Installing Certificate Server on the Domain Controller To test how to obtain a machine certificate from an Active Directory integrated Enterprise Root Certificate Server, we’ll install Certificate Server on our domain controller, ISACLIENTDC. Perform the following steps to install Certificate Server on the domain controller:
Click Start, point to Settings and then click on Control Panel. Open the Add/Remove Programs applet. Click the Add/Remove Windows Components button on the left side of the Add/Remove Programs applet. In the Windows Components Wizard dialog box, place a checkmark in the Certificate Services checkbox. You will get a warning dialog box telling you that you cannot rename the computer or remove or join a domain. Fine. Click Yes, then click Next.
If the machine is a Terminal Server (and it is in this lab), you’ll see the Terminal Services Setup dialog box. Select the Remote administration mode and click Next.
On the Certification Authority Type page, select the Enterprise root CA option. This option required Active Directory. This is correct option because we want to be able to use the Certificates MMC and/or autoenrollment to install a machine certificate on our ISA/VPN servers. Click Next.
On the CA Identifying Information page, fill in all the fields as seen in the figure below. In reality, the only field that’s required is the CA name field. The other’s are optional but it’s a good idea to fill them all in so that you can easily identify the source and purpose of the Certificate Server. Click Next.
On the Data Storage Location page, accept the defaults for where you want to put the Certificate database and Certificate Database Log. You have the option to Store configuration information in a shared folder, but this is not required unless you want other CAs in your organization to use this information. Click Next.
You will get a warning dialog box informing you that IIS must be stopped before proceeding. Click OK.
You will be asked for the Windows 2000 CD ROM. Put the Windows 2000 CD ROM into the drive and click OK. When the Wizard is complete, click Finish. The Certificate Server is now installed and can assign machine (computer) certificates. Now let’s see how to configure Group Policy to autoenroll machines that are members of the domain. Configuring Autoenrollment using Group Policy Perform the following steps to configure domain Group Policy to autoenroll domain members so that they automatically receive a machine certificate: Click Start, point to Programs and point to Administrative Tools. Click on Active Directory Users and Computers. In the Active Directory Users and Computers console, right click on your domain and click Properties. On the domain Properties dialog box, click on the Group Policy tab. On the Group Policy tab, click on the Default Domain Policy and click Edit.
Expand the Computer Configuration node, then expand the Windows Settings node, then expand the Security Settings node, and finally expand the Public Key Policies node. Right click on the Automatic Certificate Request Settings node, point to New and click on Automatic Certificate Request. The Welcome to the Automatic Certificate Request Setup Wizard begins. Click Next.
On the Certificate Template page, select the Computer certificate template and click Next.
On the Certificate Authority page, accept the default and click Next.
On the Completing the Automatic Certificate Request Setup page, click Finish. After you complete the Wizard, the Certificate Server will automatically assign machine certificates to all machines in the domain. The machines will obtain a certificate during the next policy refresh, or when you restart the computer. If you don’t want to wait for the policy refresh or restart the computer, you can use the secedit utility to force a policy refresh. Just issue the following command at the command prompt: secedit /refreshpolicy machine_policy /enforce Confirming Installation of the Machine Certificate You want to make sure that all the domain members have a machine certificate before you continue with configuring the VPN. Make sure that you’ve restarted the machine or used the secedit command, and then perform the following steps to view the certificate. Click Start and click the Run command. In the Run dialog box, type mmc in the Open text box and click OK. Click the Console menu and then click the Add/Remove Snapin command. In the Add/Remove Snapin dialog box, click the Add button.
In the Add Standalone Snapin dialog box, select Certificates and click Add. On the This snapin will always manage certificates for page box, select the Computer account option and click Next.
In the Select the computer you want this Snapin to manage page, select the Local computer option and click Finish.
Click Close in the Add Standalone Snapin dialog box. Click OK in the Add/Remove Snapin dialog box. In the console, expand the Certificates (Local Computer) node and then expand the Personal node. Click on the Certificates node. Double click on the certificate in the right pane to view the certificate (this is a certificate that was assigned to the CERTSRV computer). Close the Certificate dialog box to return to the Certificates mmc.
Using the MMC Console to Request a Certificate Since we’re in the Certificates mmc right now, let’s see how you can request a certificate from an Enterprise Root CA using the mmc. You can use this method if you don’t want to, or can’t, use the autoenrollment Group Policy. Be aware that the machine making the request must be a member of the same domain as the Enterprise Root Certificate Server. You cannot use this method if the requesting machine is not in the same domain. In the Certificates mmc console, right click on the certificate that was obtained via autoenrollment and click Delete. You will see a dialog box warning you that you will not be able to decrypt data using this certificate (if you remove it). Click Yes.
The certificate should now be removed. Right click on the Certificates node in the left pane of the console, point to All Tasks and click on Request New Certificate.

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