Correlation between hemoglobin and the risk of common malignant tumors: A 1999–2020 retrospective analysis and causal association analysis

This study aims to explore the association between HGB and 15 common human malignancies through a retrospective analysis and a Mendelian randomization analysis (MRA). A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify the correlation between HGB levels and risk of 15 malignant tumors using 50,085 samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.