Course 2277C: Implementing, managing, and maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network infrastructure: Network services - Module 3

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Module 3 - Resolving names. This module provides you with the knowledge and skills to assign computer names to the IP addresses of the source and destination hosts, and then use the computer name to contact the hosts.

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Nội dung Text: Course 2277C: Implementing, managing, and maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network infrastructure: Network services - Module 3

Module 3: Resolving Names
Overview • Multimedia: Introduction to the Name Resolution Process • Viewing Names on a Client • Configuring Host Name Resolution • Configuring NetBIOS Name Resolution
Multimedia: Introduction to the Name Resolution Process • Presentation topic: Overview of the name resolution process • Presentation learning objectives include the ability to: – Explain what a host name is – Explain what a NetBIOS name is – Describe how the name resolution process works
Lesson: Viewing Names on a Client • How Names Are Mapped to IP Addresses • What Are Host Names? • What Are NetBIOS Names? • Practice: Viewing Names on a Client
How Names Are Mapped to IP Addresses Name Resolution Service Computer44 1 Where is the 192.168.1.2002 Computer 44 file? 3 Computer44
What Are Host Names? A host name is the DNS name of a device on a network Examples: “.” root FQDN msft server1.contoso.msft. contoso host NameDNS suffix training FQDN server1.training.contoso.msft. Server1 = 192.168.0.66 host Name DNS suffix Server1 = 192.168.0.6
What Are NetBIOS Names? A NetBIOS name is 16-character identifier used by NetBIOS services that are running on a computer NetBIOS 16th Services IP address name character Server2 00 workstation 192.168.0.39 Server2 20 server 192.168.0.39 Server2 03 messenger 192.168.0.39 Server2
Practice: Viewing Names on a Client In this practice, you will view host names and NetBIOS names on a computer
Lesson: Configuring Host Name Resolution • Host Name Resolution Process • Client Resolver Cache • Hosts File • Practice: Configuring Host Name Resolution
Host Name Resolution Process Client NetBIOS Resolver DNS Name Cache WINS BroadcastLmhost File Cache/Hosts File 1Salescomputer2 2 192.168.1.35 What is the IP address for Salescomput er2? 3 Salescomputer2 Host name resolution is the process of resolving a host name to an IP address
Client Resolver Cache The client resolver cache stores recently resolved host names and host name mappings that are loaded from the Hosts file Computer1 Resolved host name Hosts File from the DNS serve
Hosts File The Hosts file is a static local file that contains mappings for host name-to-IP addresses # Copyright (c) 19931999 Microsoft Corp. # Copyright (c) 19931999 Microsoft Corp. ## # This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for # This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows. Windows. ## # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each names. Each Computer1 # entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP # entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should address should # be placed in the first column followed by the # be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name. corresponding host name. # The IP address and the host name should be separated by # The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one at least one # space. # space. ## # Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on # Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual individual # lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' # lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol. symbol. ## # For example: # For example: ## Hosts File # 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source # 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server server # 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x # 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host client host 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.1 localhost
Practice: Configuring Host Name Resolution In this practice, you will configure host name resolution
Lesson: Configuring NetBIOS Name Resolution • NetBIOS Name Cache • NetBIOS Name Resolution Process • Local Broadcasts • Lmhosts File • Practice: Configuring NetBIOS Name Resolution
NetBIOS Name Cache A NetBIOS name cache is a location in memory that stores NetBIOS names that have recently been resolved to IP addresses Computer1 Broadcast Resolved Host Names from Broadcasts Lmhosts File Resolved Host Name from the WINS serve
NetBIOS Name Resolution Process NetBIOS Lmhost File Name Cache WINS Broadcast Salescomputer2 1 What is the 2192.168.1.35 IP address for Salescomput er2? 3 Salescomputer2 NetBIOS name resolution maps a NetBIOS name to an IP address
Local Broadcasts Local broadcasts are messages transmitted from one network computer to all devices within that computer’s network segment 2 3 Broadcast 1 Router The NetBIOS redirector sends out a 1 local broadcast If the resource is on the local network, the broadcast is 2 answered, and an IP address is returned NetBIOS If the resource is on a remote Redirector 3 network, the broadcast will not pass through the router
Lmhosts File An Lmhosts file is a local text file that maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses # Copyright (c) 19931999 Microsoft Corp. # Copyright (c) 19931999 Microsoft Corp. ## # This is a sample LMHOSTS file used by the Microsoft TCP/IP for # This is a sample LMHOSTS file used by the Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows. Windows. ## # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to computernames computernames # (NetBIOS) names. Each entry should be kept on an individual # (NetBIOS) names. Each entry should be kept on an individual line. line. # The IP address should be placed in the first column followed # The IP address should be placed in the first column followed by the by the # corresponding computername. The address and the computername # corresponding computername. The address and the computername Computer1 # should be separated by at least one space or tab. The "#" # should be separated by at least one space or tab. The "#" character character # is generally used to denote the start of a comment (see the # is generally used to denote the start of a comment (see the exceptions exceptions # below). # below). ## # The following example illustrates all of these extensions: # The following example illustrates all of these extensions: ## # 102.54.94.97 rhino #PRE #DOM:networking # 102.54.94.97 rhino #PRE #DOM:networking #net group's DC #net group's DC # 102.54.94.102 "appname \0x14" # 102.54.94.102 "appname \0x14" #special app server #special app server # 102.54.94.123 popular #PRE # 102.54.94.123 popular #PRE #source server #source server # 102.54.94.117 localsrv #PRE # 102.54.94.117 localsrv #PRE Lmhosts File #needed for the include #needed for the include ## # #BEGIN_ALTERNATE # #BEGIN_ALTERNATE # #INCLUDE \\localsrv\public\lmhosts # #INCLUDE \\localsrv\public\lmhosts # #INCLUDE \\rhino\public\lmhosts # #INCLUDE \\rhino\public\lmhosts # #END_ALTERNATE # #END_ALTERNATE
Practice: Configuring NetBIOS Name Resolution In this practice, you will configure NetBIOS name resolution
Lab: Resolving Names In this lab, you will troubleshoot name resolution