Designing it blueprint with togaf for information technology development

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This study aims to provide recommendations for designing IT blueprints using the Enterprise Architecture TOGAF framework for the development of information technology that can be applied in XYZ companies.

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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 10, Issue 03, March 2019, pp. 837-854. Article ID: IJMET_10_03_087 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3 ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed DESIGNING IT BLUEPRINT WITH TOGAF FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Maulana Ibrohim Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480, Abba Suganda Girsang Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480, ABSTRACT The use of information technology that is aligned with the company's goals will be achieved if supported by a good governance planning system. Therefore, to develop information technology can use the Enterprise Architecture approach as a guideline or blueprint in the development of information technology. The XYZ company is an oil palm plantation company that develops information technology services to support the company's business operations. In order for the purpose of developing XYZ company information technology services in line with the company's vision, mission and objectives, an appropriate framework is needed in preparing strategic planning. This study aims to provide recommendations for designing IT blueprints using the Enterprise Architecture TOGAF framework for the development of information technology that can be applied in XYZ companies. Keywords: Enterprise Architecture, IT Strategic Planning, TOGAF, CPO Cite this Article: Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang, Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 10(3), 2019, pp. 837-854. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3 1. INTRODUCTION The XYZ company is an oil palm plantation company with its main products, crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel (PK). The company utilizes information technology (IT) services by implementing an Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) system, namely System Analysis and Program Development (SAP) as the main system. In its application not all SAP modules are used, because some SAP system modules are not in accordance with the company's business processes and SAP user license costs are relatively expensive, so it becomes a consideration http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 837 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development not to use all SAP modules. As a result, the application of information technology is still not optimal and affects the company's business service activities. At present the company has its own IT infrastructure to support information system services. In carrying out its functions, IT infrastructure has experienced service disruption for 741 hours in the period 2017-2018. So that it affects the information system services. Of the several constraints that exist, the company does not have strategic planning, so it has an impact on IT services. In order for the purpose of developing the company's information technology services in line with the company's vision, mission and objectives, strategic planning is needed. Enterprise Architecture is one method that can be used as a guide in developing information technology effectively and efficiently. Enterprise Architecture can be defined as a blueprint [4], to place optimal resources and concrete targets in the IT environment as the last support of business functions. This study aims to provide recommendations for designing IT blueprints using the Enterprise Architecture TOGAF framework for the development of information technology that can be applied in XYZ companies. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Information Systems Definition An information system can be an organized combination consisting of users, hardware, software, communication networks, data sources and procedure policies that store, retrieve, change, and disseminate information within an organization. Humans rely on information systems to communicate with each other using various physical devices, hardware, instructions and procedures for processing information software, network communication channels or data sources [5]. An information system collects, processes, stores, analyzes and disseminates information for specific purposes [6]. Information systems are interrelated components and work together to collect, process, store and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization [3]. An information system is collecting, processing, storing, analyzing, and disseminating information for certain purposes [10]. Information system is a system that brings together four critical components to collect, process, manage, analyze, and distribute information; the four components are human, technology, process and data [12]. 2.2. Information Technology Definition The collection of computing systems used by organizations is called information technology. Information technology in its narrow definition refers to the technological side of an information system. Often the term information technology is used interchangeably with information systems. In his book the term information technology in the broad sense to describe a collection of organizational information systems, users, and management who oversee them. For the most part, the term information technology and information systems are considered the same thing [11]. Information technology is a general term that describes any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and disseminate information [13]. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 838 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang 2.3. Information Technology Infrastructure Definition Understanding information technology infrastructure is a shared technology resource that provides a platform for enterprise-specific information system applications. IT infrastructure includes investments in hardware, software, and services such as consulting, education and training [3]. Some characteristics of information technology infrastructure [7], As follows: 1. Physically connected with and as the foundation of the structure above. 2. More permanent and static than the structure it supports. 3. Broader than the structure above in use. 4. Is a support service. 5. Apart from the structure that it supports in terms of the life cycle. 2.4. Enterprise Architecture Definition Enterprise is a collection of organizations that have a series of general objectives. For example, government agencies, divisions within a company, a single department or a chain of organizations that are geographically separated and linked together for joint ownership. The term company in the context of architecture is used to show the entire company, which includes all information services, technology, infrastructure and certain domains within the company [9]. The definition of architecture is the fundamental organization of a system, which is embodied in its components, their relationships with each other and the environment and the principles that govern the design and evolution of it [1]. Description of Enterprise Architecture is all coherent principles, methods and models used in the design and realization of corporate organizational structures, business processes, information systems, and infrastructure. Enterprise architecture captures the essence of business, IT, and its evolution. The idea is that important things are far more stable than specific solutions found for the problem at hand. Therefore, architecture helps in maintaining the essence of business, while still allowing maximum flexibility and adaptivity according to [2]. 2.5. Framework Definition A framework is a structure for content or processes that can be used as a tool for structuring thoughts, ensuring consistency and completeness [2]. The selection of the right framework can facilitate the implementation of information technology architectures in organizations [8]. Many frameworks have the same main purpose, namely collaborating the strengths between: 1. Aspects of a business plan: goals, vision, strategies and principles of governance. 2. Operational aspects of the business: business terms, organizational structure, processes and data. 3. Aspects of automation: information systems and databases. 4. Aspects of business determinants of technological infrastructure such as computers, operating systems, and networks. The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) is a detailed method framework and supporting tools for developing enterprise architecture. TOGAF can be used freely by any organization that wants to develop company architecture. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 839 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development In TOGAF there are methods used to design an architecture called the Architecture Development Method (ADM). ADM can be used as a guide for modeling enterprise architecture development. ADM contains the stages of activity divided in phases that have been tested in architectural development. The activities contained in ADM include: the creation of an architectural framework, building the contents and components of the architecture, the process of migration from the current system and architectural governance to be built. 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research method is a case study that provides reviews of enterprise architecture design activities based on company problems. The research phase, starting from determining the problem, literature study and data collection. Then the IT blueprint design is carried out using the TOGAF ADM framework. The results of the IT blueprint design, in the form of a blueprint for the development of information technology. Figure 1 is the phase of the research method. Research Methodology Start TOGAF Architecture Development Method Scope Formulation of Preliminary Principles of Architecture the problem Profile, Mission, Vision, Goals Value Chain Analysis Study of literature Organizational Constraints Architecture Concept of Solution Vision Architecture Baseline Arcitecture Business Business Target Architecture Business Change Data collection Architecture Management Baseline Arcitecture Data Information Target Architecture Data Primary Data Implementation Preliminary Systems Baseline Arcitecture Application Designing IT Governance Phase Architecture Target Architecture Application blueprint Secondary Data Migration Technology Baseline Arcitecture Technology Planning Architecture Target Architecture Technology Designing recommendations Opportunities and Solutions Gap Analysis Conclusions End Figure 1 Research Methodology In TOGAF ADM, there are 9 continuous phases, as follows: Preliminary, Architecture Vision, Business Architecture, Information System Architecture, Technology Architecture, Opportunities and Solutions, Migration Planning, Implementation Governance, and Architecture Change Management. In this research, the phase of Migration Planning, Implementation Governance and Architecture Change Management was not carried out. Because of the time limits of research and company management policies. 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1. Preliminary This phase defines enterprise architecture to determine the framework and methodology, scope and principles of architecture. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 840 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang 4.1.1. Determination of the Framework and Methodology The framework used for designing this enterprise architecture is TOGAF with the Architecture Development Method (ADM) design methodology. In designing enterprise architecture, TOGAF ADM consists of 4 domains, as follows: 1. Business Architecture 2. Data Architecture 3. Application Architecture 4. Technology Architecture 4.1.2. Enterprise Scope Enterprise architecture design refers to the main business activities and supporting activities, including: 1. Estate Management activities are the main operational activities in the oil palm plantation industry. 2. Mill Management activities are the main activities in processing fresh fruit bunches (FFB) production into CPO and PK. The output of this activity is CPO and PK products. 3. Marketing and Sales Management activities are marketing activities and sales of CPO and PK products. 4. Supporting activities, including activities in order to support key business processes. The activities are supporting activities, namely: a. Human Resources Management is a human resource management activity, the activities of these activities are: organizational management, administration personnel, time management and payroll management. b. Finance Management is a corporate financial administration management activity including general ledgers, accounts payable, accounts receivable, bank accounting and asset accounting. c. Procurement Management is an administrative support activity for the procurement and purchase of goods or services needed by my government interests. 4.1.3. Principles of Architecture Architectural principles are principles derived from the TOGAF framework. These principles are based on advice from management, so that the principles are relevant to the needs of the company. The architectural principles are as follows: a. Principles of Business Architecture b. Business Continuity c. Compliance with Law d. Principles of Business Architecture e. Data is an Asset f. Data is Shared g. Data Security h. Principles of Business Architecture i. Ease-of-Use j. Technology Independence http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 841 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development k. Principles of Business Architecture l. Interoperability m. Avaibaility n. Re-Use of existing infrastructure 4.2. Architecture Vision This phase is an architectural development that includes constraints and expectations of achieving architectural vision and validating a context and agreed work architecture statement. 4.2.1. Company Profile XYZ company is a company engaged in oil palm plantations, including planting, maintaining, harvesting and producing FFB, processing FFB into CPO and PK, trading CPO and PK. Location of plantations in Jambi, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan provinces. 1. Vision: Building the Best Plantation for the World. 2. Mission: Developing Eco-friendly Plantations that Are Able to Improve the Life Level of Many People. 3. Motto: Passion to Achieve the Best. 4.2.2. Goals 1. Deliver Optimal Value for Stakeholders. 2. Optimizing Productivity. 3. Be a Preferred Supplier. 4. The implementation of Best-Agriculture and Mill Practices. 5. Sustainable Growth. 6. Optimizing Mill Productivity. 7. Long-Term Sustainable Environment and Community. 8. Improve Operation Relentlessly. 4.2.3. Organizational Constraints and Concept of Solution After the company's business activities are known, the next stage is an analysis of the problems that exist. This problem analysis needs to be done so that the factors that can hinder the company's success in achieving the vision and mission are identified. Table 1 Organizational Constraints and Concept of Solution Business Constraints Pattern Solution Activity Human Resource Management Automation of prospective The process of recruiting prospective employee recruitment processes. employees is still done manually, Automation of the profile Recruitment allowing human error and requiring a processing of prospective Management long time in the employee selection employees. process. Availability of a multifunctional employee recruitment system. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 842 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang Business Constraints Pattern Solution Activity Automation of employee travel The travel management administration management processes. process is done manually by filling in Automation of employee travel the submission form to the HR Travel management financing department and asking for approval from Management processes. each supervisor and returning the form Availability of a multifunctional of official travel to HR so that it takes a employee travel management long time and allows human error. system. Automation of employee The administrative process of employee training and event management training and development submissions is processes. Training and still done manually by filling out the Automation of employee Event training application form from the HR training and event management Management department and requesting the approval financing processes. of their respective supervisors, so that it Availability of a multifunctional takes a long time. employee training management system. Procurement Management Approval of the procurement of goods and services in the SAP system is a Making a system for the Purchase maximum of eight user levels due to procurement of goods and Requisition SAP user licenses, while the company's services and integrated with the of Goods and needs average more than eight user SAP system. Services approvals, so that control of goods Adding user approval and purchases does not meet the company's controlling as needed. control standards. Estate Management The administrative process of recording Making a supporting application palm oil yields (FFB) is recorded using system in the administrative paper, then the data is inputted into the process of recording the harvest Mature SAP system, this can cause human error, and integrated with The SAP Plantation and requires a long time.Recording of system. harvest data in the field still uses paper Automation of the process of which is at risk of losing data and recording FFB yields. damaged if exposed to water and rain. The process of administering field inspections is still done manually by the Making a supporting application field assistant, the results are then system in the field inspection Estate reported to the estate manager and process. Control evaluation. Because it is recorded Automation of the field manually, it allows human error and data inspection process. loss. Mill Managament The process of receiving FFB harvests is Making a supporting application carried out manually by looking at the system in the FFB reception scales indicator, then the data is input Grading process at the Mill and into the excel template and uploaded Process integrated with the SAP system. into the SAP system which can cause Automation of the FFB human error, error recording and takes a weighing process at the Mill. long time. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 843 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development 4.3. Business Architecture This phase is developing business processes in an architecture to support vision architecture. This phase is described as a business process that involves a description of the architecture and identifies the needs of the organization to build an architecture roadmap based on current conditions and expected architectural targets. 4.3.1. Baseline Business Architecture Baseline Business Architecture is the business process that is used now. Consisting of several business processes that are interconnected with each other. The current process of business architecture is shown in Figure 2. Baseline Business Architecture CUSTOMER CUSTOMER INVOICE TO RECEIPT SALES AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT ORDER TO SUPPLY Accounts Receivable FINANCE MANAGEMENT Pre-Sales Management of Sales Order Acknowledgment of Account Shipping Management Billing Management Receipt CPO and PK Management MILL MANAGEMENT Receipt CPO and PK CPO and PK Finish Good Co Product Product Grading Process Production Production Management Management Expenditure Administration HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Bank Accounting General Ledger ESTATE MANAGEMENT Dropping Closing Organizational Payroll Management Management Insfrastructure Workshop Cash Opname Add COA Bank Work Plan Journal Voucher Personnel Time Reconciliation Administration Management Land Immature Mature Estate Design Nursery Planting Maintenance Acquisition Plantation Plantation PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT REQUEST TO RECEIVE (RTR) Asset Accounting Accounts Payable Purchase Requisition Fixed Asset Recognition of Management of Goods and Vendor Selection Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Receipt Payment Account Payment Services Inventory Movement SUPPLIER INVOICE TO PAYMENT (STP) SUPPLIER Figure 2 Baseline Business Architecture Baseline Business Architecture, divided into 6 business processes, each of which is interconnected and has business subprocesses, the explanation of which is as follows: 1. Estate Management is a business process that is in charge of oil palm plantation development activities, part of its business subprocess: estate design, land acquisition, nursery, planting, immature plantation, mature plantation, maintenance, work plan, infrastructure and workshop. The result of this activity is the fresh fruit bunch (FFB). 2. Mill Management is a business process that is responsible for FFB processing activities into CPO and PK, part of its business subprocess: grading process, crude palm oil and palm kernel production, crude palm oil and palm kernel production administration, finish good management, co-product management, co- administration of product management and product expenditure. The output of this activity is CPO and PK products. 3. Marketing and Sales Management is a business process that is responsible for the process of marketing and selling CPO and PK, part of its business subprocess: pre- sales management of CPO and PK, sales order management, shipping management and billing management. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 844 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang 4. Procurement Management is a business process carried out by stakeholders in realizing procurement, whether goods or services, equipment and machinery or buildings / construction as well as repairs or maintenance of assets owned, part of the subprocess of their business: purchase requisition, vendor selection, purchase order, goods receipt, invoice receipt, and inventory movement. 5. Finance Management is a business process that is responsible for financial administration between investors, suppliers, customers and internal companies, part of its business subprocess: general ledgers, accounts payable, accounts receivable, bank accounting and asset accounting. 6. Human Resource Management is a business process that is responsible for employee administrative management and human resource development, part of its business subprocess: organizational management, administration personnel, time management and payroll management. 4.3.2. Target Business Architecture Target Business Architecture is to identify the business processes needed to support business processes based on business principles, business objectives, business architecture requirements and organizational constraints. Figure 3 is the target of business architecture. As a result of the identification of business process needs, there are 4 new business processes and 3 business processes that are partially / replace. For an explanation of the target business architecture can be seen in Table 2. Target Business Architecture CUSTOMER CUSTOMER INVOICE TO RECEIPT SALES AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT ORDER TO SUPPLY Accounts Receivable FINANCE MANAGEMENT Pre-Sales Management of Sales Order Acknowledgment of Account Shipping Management Billing Management Receipt CPO and PK Management MILL MANAGEMENT Receipt CPO and PK CPO and PK Finish Good Co Product Product Grading Process Production Production Management Management Expenditure Administration HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Bank Accounting General Ledger Recruitment Payroll ESTATE MANAGEMENT Management Management Dropping Closing Insfrastructure Workshop Organizational Time Management Management Cash Opname Add COA Estate Bank Work Plan Personnel Journal Voucher Control Reconciliation Administration Land Immature Mature Training and Estate Design Nursery Planting Maintenance Travel Acquisition Plantation Plantation Event Management Management PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT REQUEST TO RECEIVE (RTR) Asset Accounting Accounts Payable Fixed Asset Purchase Requisition Recognition of Vendor Selection Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Receipt Payment Management of Goods and Account Payment Services Inventory Movement Legend New Partially Replace Still SUPPLIER INVOICE TO PAYMENT (STP) SUPPLIER Figure 3. Target Business Architecture Table 2 List of Target Business Architecture Business Status Description Process Human Resource Management This business process provides functionality to Recruitment support the process of recruiting prospective New Management employees. Travel This business process provides functionality to New http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 845 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development Management support the employee travel management administration process. Training and This business process provides functionality to Event support the administrative activity process for New Management employee training and development submissions. Procurement Management Partially / replace from This business process provides functionality to Purchase the Subprocess Purchase support the process of procurement of goods and Request Requisition of Goods and services. Services. Estate Management This business process provides functionality to Partially / replace from Harvesting support the administrative process activities for Subprocess Mature Management recording palm oil yields. Plantation. This business process provides functionality to Estate Control support the field inspection administrative process New Management activities. Mill Managament Partially / replace from Weighbridge This business process provides functionality to the Subprocess Grading Management support FFB harvest receipts. Process 4.4. Data Architecture This phase first analyzes the data architecture to identify and define various types of data that will support the application. 4.4.1. Baseline Data Architecture To find out Baseline Data Architecture, it is necessary to identify data requirements for business activities. The following data architecture is currently in accordance with baseline business architecture. Figure 4 baseline data architecture. The explanation for baseline data architecture in Table 3. Baseline Data Architecture MARKETING AND SALES MANAGEMENT FINANCE MANAGEMENT Pre-Sales Data Sales Order Data Shipping Data Billing Data Accounts Receivable Data MILL MANAGEMENT CPO and PK Finish Good Co Product CPO and PK Product Grading Data Production Management Management HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Production Data Expenditure Data Administration Data Data Data ESTATE MANAGEMENT Organizational Insfrastructure Data Workshop Data Payroll Data Data Bank General Accounting Ledger Data Data Work Plan Data Time Personnel Data Management Data Land Immature Mature Estate Design Maintenance Acquisition Nursery Data Planting Data Plantation Plantation Data Data Data Data Data PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT Asset Accounting Data Purchase Requisition Vendor Selection Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Receipt Accounts Payable Data Data Data Data Data Data Inventory Movement Data Figure 4 Baseline Data Architecture http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 846 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang Table 3 List of Baseline Business Architecture Business Business Service Data Entity Function Organizational Management Master Organization Data Human Resource Personnel Administration Employee Data Management Time Management Attendance Data Payroll Management Payroll Data General Ledger General Ledger Data Accounts Payable Payment Document Finance Accounts Receivable Receivement Document Management Bank Accounting Bank Accounting Data Asset Accounting Asset Document Procurement of goods and Procurement of goods and services Data services Procurement Delivery of goods Delivery of goods Document Management Receiving Goods and Receiving Goods and Services Data Services Inventory Movement Inventory Data Estate Design Estate Design Data Land Acquisition Land Acquisition Data Nursery Nursery Data Planting Planting Data Estate Immature Plantation Immature Plantation Data Management Mature Plantation Mature Plantation Data Maintenance Maintenance Data Work Plan Work Plan Data Infrastructure Infrastructure Data Workshop Workshop Data Grading Process FFB Sorting Data CPO and PK Production Production CPO and PK Data CPO and PK Production CPO and PK Production Administration Administration Data Mill Management Finish Good Management Finish Good Management Document Co Product Management Co Product Management Data Co Administration of Co Administration of Product Management Product Management Data Product Expenditure Expenditure Data Pre-Sales Management of Pre-Sales Management of CPO and PK Marketing and CPO and PK Data Sales Sales Order Management Sales Order Management Data Management Shipping Management Shipping Data http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 847 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development Billing Management Billing Management Data 4.4.2. Target Data Architecture This phase is done by identifying the data architecture needed to support the proposed business process, based on organizational constraints and the concept of the solution in the previous sub-chapter. The results of identification of data architecture needs as shown in Figure 5. There are 4 new data architectures and 3 data architectures partially / replace. Explanation of the target data architecture above can be seen in Table 4. Target Data Architecture MARKETING AND SALES MANAGEMENT FINANCE MANAGEMENT Accounts Receivable Data Pre-Sales Data Sales Order Data Shipping Data Billing Data MILL MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CPO and PK Finish Good Co Product CPO and PK Product Grading Data Production Management Management Recruitment Data Payroll Data Production Data Expenditure Data Administration Data Data Data ESTATE MANAGEMENT Time Insfrastructure Data Workshop Data Organizational Management Data Bank Data General Accounting Ledger Data Data Estate Control Data Personnel Data Work Plan Data Training and Land Immature Mature Travel Estate Design Maintenance Event Acquisition Nursery Data Planting Data Plantation Plantation Management Data Data Management Data Data Data Data Data PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT Asset Accounting Data Purchase Requisition Vendor Selection Purchase Order Goods Receipt Invoice Receipt Data Data Data Data Data Accounts Payable Data Inventory Movement Data Legend New Partially Replace Current Figure 5 Target Data Architecture Table 4 List of Target Data Architecture Business Business Service Data Entity Status Function Recruitment Recruitment New Data Management Management Data Human Travel Travel Management Resource New Data Management Data Management Training and Event Training and Event New Data Management Management Data Partially / replace from the Procurement Purchase Request Subprocess Purchase Purchase Request Data Management Management Requisition of Goods and Services Data. Partially / replace from Harvesting Harvesting Subprocess Mature Estate Management Management Data Plantation Data. Management Estate Control Estate Control New Data Management Management Data Partially / replace from the Mill Weighbridge Weighbridge Subprocess Grading Process Managament Management Management Data Data. 4.5. Application Architecture http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 848 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang In this phase includes the preparation of the company's current application architecture, and target application architecture according to the company's business needs. 4.5.1. Baseline Application Architecture To find out what applications have been used, it is necessary to do an inventory of documents and interviews with company management. An explanation baseline application architecture explained in Table 5. This list helps determine the scope of changes that can affect certain types of applications. Baseline Application Architecture APLIKASI UTAMA ERP SYSTEM SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP Checkroll Module Financial Controlling Material Management Estate Management Production Process Sales and Distribution Module Module Module Module Module SUB APLIKASI UTAMA Attendance Budgeting and Management System Planning System Tax Invoice System APLIKASI PENDUKUNG Document Web Portal Helpdesk Ticketing Geographic Push Report System Business Intelligence Management System System Information System E-mail System Figure 6 Baseline Application Architecture Table 5 List of Baseline Appliction Architecture No Application Logical Component Physical Component Human Resource 1 SAP - Checkroll Module ERP System - Human Resource Management SAP - Finance Controlling Finance Controlling ERP System - Finance 2 Module Management Controlling SAP - Material ERP System - Procurement 3 Procurement Management Management Module Management SAP - Estate Management ERP System - Estate 4 Estate Management Module Management SAP - Production Process 5 Mill Management ERP System - Mill Management Module SAP - Sales and Marketing and Sales ERP System - Marketing and 6 Distribution Module Management Sales Management Document Management 7 Document Management Document Management System System 8 Tax Invoice System Tax Invoice tool Tax Invoice System http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 849 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development No Application Logical Component Physical Component 9 Web Portal Company Information Company Information System Helpdesk Ticketing Helpdesk Ticketing 10 Helpdesk Ticketing System System Management Attendance Management Attendance Management 11 Attendance Management System System tool Budgeting and Planning Budgeting and Planning 12 Budgeting and Planning System System Management Geographic Information Geographic Information 13 Geographic Information System System Management 14 Push Report System Push Report Management Push Report System Business Intelligence Business Intelligence 15 Business Intelligence System System Management Electronic Mail 16 E-mail System E-mail System Mangement 4.5.2. Target Application Architecture This phase is done by identifying the applications needed to support business processes with architectural vision guidelines. Based on company problems and solution concepts discussed in the previous sub-chapter, figure 7 is the target of application architecture, there are 7 new applications, consisting of 4 new applications and 3 applications that are partially replaced by removing submodules from the SAP system. Table 6 is a list of target applications including descriptions and functions. Target Application Architecture APLIKASI UTAMA ERP SYSTEM SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP Checkroll Module Financial Controlling Material Management Estate Management Production Process Sales and Distribution Module Module Module Module Module SUB APLIKASI UTAMA Attendance Budgeting and Purchase Request Harvesting Weighbridge System Management System Planning System System Management System Recruitment Tax Invoice System Estate Control Management System System Travel Management System Training Managamenet System APLIKASI PENDUKUNG Document Web Portal Helpdesk Ticketing Geographic Push Report System Business Intelligence Management System System Information System E-mail System Legend New Partially Replace Current Figure 7 Target Application Architecture http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 850 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang Table 6 List of Target Application Architecture Application Description Application Platform Status Human Resource Management Recruitment This application provides functionality to Web New Application Management support prospective employee recruitment Application System activities. Travel This application provides functionality to Web New Application Management support employee travel management Application System administration activities. Training and This application provides functionality to Web New Application Event support administrative activities for Application Management employee training and development System submissions. Procurement Management Purchase This application provides functionality to Web Partially / replace Request System support the procurement of goods and Application from the services. Submodule Purchase Requisition of Goods and Services. Estate Management Harvesting This application provides functionality to Mobile Partially / replace Management support the administrative process activities Application from Submodule System of recording palm oil yields. Mature Plantation. Estate Control This application provides functionality to Mobile New Application System support the field inspection administrative Application process activities. Mill Managament Weighbridge This application provides functionality to Desktop Partially / replace System support the activity of receiving FFB Application from the harvests. Submodule Grading Process. 4.6. Technology Architecture Technology architecture addresses the needs of technology including network services, security services, infrastructure, data services, application services, and support services. 4.6.1. Baseline Technology Architecture Based on data collection conducted through analysis of company documents and interviews with the IT Infrastructure Manager. Explanation of current technology architecture: http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 851 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development The data center used by the company is its own data center with a Tier 1 classification. The location is inside the company's office which is managed independently and does not have a disasater recovery center (DRC). Server hardware used by virtual machine devices. Storage used is a type of Storage Area Network (SAN), currently storage capacity for prosuction database backups is not proportional to the capacity of database production. Network hardware used is in table 7. In the table the number of core switches as main switches is only 1 unit and for firewall devices also 1 unit, so there is no backup device. Network topology that is used to connect between the head office and the site. The topology used only has 1 unit of firewall device that connects the server Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) area. Whereas the Farm Server area does not use firewall devices.The data network service used has 2 types of connections between head office and site, namely satellite and terrestrial connections. Based on current technology security identification analysis, including: 1. There is no control access for access to infrastructure and information systems. 2. There is no management control access related to network users. and monitoring log. 3. There is only one layer of firewall that limits access to data servers and application servers from the internet or outside networks. 4. There is no system for preventing intrusion to maintain data confidentiality. Table 7 List of Network Device Device No Product Type Operating System Qty Description Type 1 Router Mikrotik RB1100AH RouterOS 1 Router Vendor 1 2 Router Mikrotik RB1200 RouterOS 1 Router Vendor 2 3 Router Cisco 2800 Cisco IOS 1 Wan Router 1 4 Router Cisco 2911 Cisco IOS 1 Internet Router 5 Router MikroBits Dinara RouterOS 1 Wan Router 2 6 Router SOPHOS SG-450 Sophos Firewall OS 1 Firewall 7 Switch Cisco Catalyst 2960X Cisco Catalyst OS 1 Switch Gis 8 Router Cisco 2800 Cisco IOS 1 Router Vendor 3 9 Switch Cisco Catalyst 3750X Cisco Catalyst OS 1 Core Switch 10 Switch Cisco Catalyst 3560G Cisco Catalyst OS 1 Server Farm 11 Switch Cisco Catalyst 2960 Cisco Catalyst OS 1 Server Farm 12 Switch Cisco Catalyst 2960S Cisco Catalyst OS 1 Server DMZ 13 Switch HP 2510G Switch Procurve OS 1 Router Vendor 4 14 Switch Cisco Catalyst 2960 Cisco Catalyst OS 1 Switch AP 4.6.2. Target Technology Architecture This stage is done by identifying the technological architecture needed to support the application architecture. The following is an explanation of the target technology architecture. The data center used by the company is a data center with Tier 1 classification, meaning that IT equipment is served by one distribution channel (non-redundat), or one uplink per one server. Thus, the availability of data center technology services is likely to experience a lot of downtime. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the classification to Tier 2 by adding http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 852 editor@iaeme.com
Maulana Ibrohim, and Abba Suganda Girsang redundant components by adding backup resources equipped with generators in preparation for a power outage. The current data center does not yet have a disaster recovery center (DRC), so if the datacenter function occurs, the call is not redundant, so it is necessary to procure the DRC. With the addition of applications, also requires appropriate resources to use, so that the server performance is maintained. For this reason, it is necessary to procure new server devices for the backup server to maintain service availability. Data storage media every day diminishes, for that additional storage is needed based on the needs needed. Currently the storage capacity for backup database production is only 8 terabytes while the database production capacity is 10 terabytes, so it is not proportional to the amount of data to be backed up. The condition of the network hardware used by the company today, there is still Single Point of Failure, meaning that it still has a dependency on a function, if the function fails then the entire system does not work. In table 7network hardware, the core switch device as the main switch is only 1 unit and for the firewall device is also 1 unit, so there is no backup device. For this reason, a redundant or a backup device is needed in preparation for the core switch and firewall functions to occur. The network topology used only has 1 unit of firewall device that connects the server Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) area. While the Server Farm area does not use firewall devices, so it does not have layered security. This allows an attack and disrupts the performance of Server Farm as the company's operational application server services. The internet site service facility is currently being distributed from the Jakarta head office, thus disrupting application service lines, thereby reducing the speed of business application usage performance. For this reason, it is necessary to separate the internet data path and application data path. The data network service used by the company has 2 types of connections between head office and site, namely satellite and terrestrial connections. Differences in satellite connections and teriserial data transfer rates. The use of satellite connections data transmission speeds is slower than terrestrial. For this reason, a connection standard is needed so that data transmission stability is guaranteed by using a terrestrial network connection. Based on current technological security analysis.Services used to support administration of access rights related to information and monitoring in the form of:Identity management, authorization, authentication, and access control management, control logging and log management, auditing ability, Control monitoring and event management, Data encryption / decryption control and key management controls, physical access, intrusion detection, and surveillance controls. 5. CONCLUSION This study focuses on enterprise architecture recommendations as a blueprint for the development of XYZ company information technology, which consists of business asset model recommendations, information system architecture and technology architecture. The recommended business architecture model is a subprocess that was previously done manually can be done in a system, so that it can reduce the manual workload and support the business needs of the XYZ company optimally. The recommended information system architecture model is modular application development, so that the main SAP system applications are still used. Business functions that are not yet available on the SAP system can be developed with integrated support applications, or by developing new partially replace submodules from SAP submodules, so as to reduce the cost of user licenses in SAP without reducing existing business functions. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 853 editor@iaeme.com
Designing It Blueprint with Togaf For Information Technology Development The recommended technology architecture model is that the use of technology is still being used, but it is necessary to add and update the quality of technology to optimize the company's information technology services. Designing IT blueprint using TOGAF ADM can be used as a reference to provide integrated business, data, information and technology recommendations to optimize the development of information technology. REFERENCES [1] Jen, L., & Lee, Y. (2000). Working Group. IEEE recommended practice for architectural description of software-intensive systems. In IEEE Architecture. Citeseer. [2] Lankhorst, M. (2009). Enterprise architecture at work (Vol. 352). Springer. [3] Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2018). Management information systems: managing the digital firm. Pearson. [4] Minoli, D. (2008). Enterprise architecture A to Z: frameworks, business process modeling, SOA, and infrastructure technology. Auerbach Publications. [5] O’brien, J. A., & Marakas, G. M. (2005). Introduction to information systems (Vol. 13). New York City, USA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. [6] Rainer, R. K., Cegielski, C. G., Splettstoesser-Hogeterp, I., & Sanchez-Rodriguez, C. (2013). Introduction to information systems. John Wiley & Sons. [7] Robertson, B., & Sribar, V. (2002). The adaptive enterprise: IT infrastructure strategies to manage change and enable growth. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc. [8] Schekkerman, J. (2004). How to survive in the jungle of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks. Framework. Trafford Publishing. [9] TO Group. (2011). TOGAF Version 9.1. The Open Group Architecture Framework, The Open Group. [10] Turban, E. (2007). Information technology for management: Transforming organizations in the digital economy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [11] Turban, E., & Volonino, L. (2011). Information Technology for Management: Improving Strategic and Operational Performance, Eight Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [12] Wallace, P. M. (2015). Introduction to information systems. Pearson Boston, MA. [13] Williams, B. K., & Sawyer, S. C. (2007). Using information technology: A practical introduction to computers & communications. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 854 editor@iaeme.com