Développement rural au Viêt Nam avec les nouvelles technologies de la communication et de l’information

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Trong bối cảnh tổng thể của toàn cầu hóa và phát triển con người, Cảnh quan nông thôn của Việt Nam giảm sự bất bình đẳng trong cơ hội kinh tế giữa nông thôn và thế giới đô thị, giữa Tây Nguyên và đồng bằng, giữa các vùng khác nhau, có thể thông qua công nghệ mới. Điều này sẽ được cung cấp cho người dân và những vùng khó khăn cách thực tế để dễ dàng truy cập thông tin cần thiết để cải thiện hoạt động kinh tế....

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Nội dung Text: Développement rural au Viêt Nam avec les nouvelles technologies de la communication et de l’information

Développement rural au Viêt Nam avec les nouvelles technologies de la communication et de l’information TRÂN Van-Thinh Georges CHAPELIER UNDP/UNCTAD EU/MUTRAP Paysage rural du Vietnam Chers Amis, Après la récente mission au VN, voici les deux documents qui font le point de ce projet. Trân Van Thinh Dans le contexte global de la mondialisation et du développement humain, la
réduction des disparités des chances économiques entre le monde rural et le monde urbain, entre les Hauts Plateaux et la plaine, entre les différentes régions, pourrait passer par les nouvelles technologies. Il s’agirait de mettre à la disposition des populations et des régions défavorisées des moyens pratiques d’accéder plus facilement à l’information nécessaire à l’amélioration des activités économiques. Les moyens sont d’abord les ordinateurs collectifs reliés ou non à des écrans (résolution 1024x768) en communication permanente avec le serveur du Ministère de l’Agriculture et du Développement Rural. Les moyens sont ensuite les informations de base existantes relatives d’une part à la législation, à la réglementation juridique et administrative de la production, de la commercialisation … et et d’autre part aux conditions météorologiques, au financement des investissements, aux marchés domestiques et internationaux … Dans un premier temps, l’accès à l’information est prioritaire. Dans un deuxième temps, le dialogue canaliserait les conseils en même temps que le développement du champ de l’information et du dialogue ( formalités administratives, santé…). À noter que cet équipement pourrait également être utilisé pour le télé - enseignement au bénéfice des enfants du village Un projet-pilote concernant quatre provinces est en voie d’exploration: An Giang, Nghê An, Thai Binh et Bac Kan (voir annexe). L’équipement de base couvrirait au départ 958 ordinateurs collectifs à installer dans la maison communale de 958
villages composant ces quatre provinces (sur les 8824 villages du Viêt Nam). Une étude de préfaisabilité est envisagée pour identifier, définir le projet et en évaluer le financement à rechercher auprès de l’Union Européenne, des gouvernements, des institutions internationales et du secteur privé (entreprises, fondations, ONG …). Le projet est co-parrainé par le Vice Premier Ministre Pham Gia Khiêm (N° 3 du Gouvernement) et par le Professeur Dang Huu, Président du Comité Nouvelles Technologies du PCV danghuu@hn.vnn.vn . Le Vice Ministre Chu Hao (Ministère Science,Technologie & Environnement) haomoste@hn.vnn.vn et le Vice Ministre Pham Hông Giang (Ministère Agriculture & Développement Rural) phglmd@hn.vnn.vn collaborent activement au projet. La liaison est assurée par Luc Gia Thai thailg@itprog.gov.vn du côté viêtnamien. Hanoï le 09 Janvier 2003 Les quatre provinces pilotes An Giang, Nghê An, Thai Binh, Bac Kan Vietnam
Total number of districts : 514 Total number of villages : 824 Total of towns : 565 An Giang Area: 3,405.23 km2 Population : 2,083,571 (year 2000) GDP per capita : 4,546,000 VN dông = 303 € (year 2000) Provincial capital : Long Xuyên Town : Châu Dôc N° of districts : 9 ( An Phu, Tân Châu, Phu Tan, Châu Phu, Tinh Biên, Tri Ton,Cho Moi, Châu Thanh, Thoai Son)
N° of villages : 118 An Giang is a province in the western region of South Viêt Nam. It borders Dông Thap province to the north, Cambodia to the west, Cân Tho province to the east and Kiên Giang province to the south. The province is 190 km south of Hô Chi Minh City. The province inhabited mostly by the Kinh people who account for 92 % of the total population, the ethnic minority groups living in the province include the Khmer (5%), the Cham (1,5%) and the Hoa (1,5%). An Giang is criss - crossed by many rivers and canals which make a convenient water transport system. The two tributaries of the Mekong river, the Tiên and the Hâu, run across the province. They deliver millions of cubic metres of alluvium annually to the region. As a result, the deposits have formed several islets which are extremely fertile and covered with lush green vegetation. An Giang also consists of a few midland areas and low mountains. The two distinct seasons are the dry season, from December to April, and the rainy season, from May to November. Floods often occur from the middle of August to the middle of November. An Giang has long been famous for its traditional occupation of mulberry growing, silkworm raising and silk weaving. Archeologically, An Giang is the location where many relics belonging to the Oc Eo Civilisation have been excavated.
Economic potentialities : agriculture, fish breeding. Nghê An Area : 16,381.03 km2 Population : 2,923,647 (year 2000) GDP per capita : 6,000,000 VN dông = 400 € (year 2000) Provincial capital : Vinh Town : Cua Lo N° of districts : 17 (Diên Châu, Quynh Luu, Yên Thanh, Nghi Lôc, Nam Dan, Hung Nguyên, Do Luong, Tam Ky, Anh Son, Con Cuong, Nghia Dan, Thanh Chuong, Qui Hop, Qui Châu, Quê Phong, Tuong Duong, Ky Son) N° of villages : 461 Nghê An is a large province in the central part of Viêt Nam that connects the north
and the south. More than 90% of the population belongs to the Kinh ethnic group. Vinh, the provincial capital, is 291 km from Hà Nôi on the National Highway 1. Vinh has been expanded into a large city since the end of the last Viêt Nam war. Nowadays, it has become an economic, cultural and political centre of Central Viêt Nam. Economic potentialities : agriculture. Thai Binh Area : 1,580.9 km2 Population : 1,813,460 (year 2000) GDP per capita : 3,102,632 VN dông = 206 € (year 2000) Provincial capital : Thai Binh N° of districts : 7 (Quynh Phu, Hung Ha, Thao Thuy, Vu Thu, Dông Hung, Kiên Xuong, Tiên Hai)
N° of villages : 267 Thai Binh is located in the North Viêt Nam plains and midlands. It is the only province that does not have a mountain in its territory. It is bordered by Hai Phong, Hai Duong, Hung Yên, Hà Nam and Nam Dinh. The coast li ne is 53 km long with large estuaries, seaports and sand beaches. The main ethnic group is Kinh. Economic potentialities : marine and inland fishery, oil, gas, mineral resources. Bac Kan Area : 4,795.54 km2 Population : 275,250 (year 2001) GDP per capita : 1,589,000 VN dông = 105 € (year 2000) Provincial capital : Bac Kan
N° of districts : 7 (Ba Be, Cho Don, Na Ri, Bach Thong, Ngan Son, Cho Moi…) N° of villages 112 Bac Kan is a mountainous region in North Viêt Nam. It is bordered by Cao Bang to the north, Tuyên Quang to the west, Thai Nguyên to the south and Lang Son to the east. The main ethnic groups in the province are the Tây, Nung, Dao, San Diu, Hoa and H’mong. The climate can be divided into two distinct seasons : the dry season (October - February) and the rainy season (March-September). Famous sites include Ba Be Lakes and Thach Long Pagoda. Economic potentialities : forestry, coal resources mainly in Ngan Son