DICTIONARY OF NURSING Part 5

Chia sẻ: Dqwdfwefgerg Fwefgweg | Ngày: | Loại File: PDF | Số trang:36

Thêm vào BST

Báo xấu

55
lượt xem 5
download

Download Vui lòng tải xuống để xem tài liệu đầy đủ

Tham khảo tài liệu 'dictionary of nursing part 5', ngoại ngữ, anh ngữ phổ thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả

Chủ đề:

Bình luận(0) Đăng nhập để gửi bình luận!

Lưu

Nội dung Text: DICTIONARY OF NURSING Part 5

Nursing.fm Page 138 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM hyperaemia 138 hyperaemia hyperinsulinism hyperaemia / haipər i miə/ noun excess blood hyperinsulinism / haipər insjυliniz(ə)m/ | | in any part of the body noun the reaction of a diabetic to an excessive dose of insulin or to hypoglycaemia hyperaesthesia hyperaesthesia / haipəri s θi ziə/ noun an | hyperkalaemia hyperkalaemia / haipək li miə/ noun a con- extremely high sensitivity in the skin | dition in which too much potassium occurs in the hyperalgesia hyperalgesia / haipər l d i ziə/ noun an | blood, which can result in cardiac arrest. Various increased sensitivity to pain possible causes include kidney failure and chem- hyperalimentation hyperalimentation / haipər limen | | otherapy. teiʃ(ə)n/ noun the feeding of large amounts of hyperkeratosis hyperkeratosis / haipəkerə təυsis/ noun a nutrients by mouth or intravenously to someone | condition in which the outer layer of the skin with serious nutritional deficiency becomes unusually thickened hyperandrogenism hyperandrogenism / haipər n | hyperkinesia hyperkinesia / haipəki ni ziə/ noun a condi- drɒd əniz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which a | tion in which there is unusually great strength or woman produces too many androgens, associated movement with many problems such as hirsutism, acne, hyperlipidaemia infertility and polycystic ovarian disease hyperlipidaemia / haipəlipi di miə/ noun the | hyperbaric pathological increase of the amount of lipids, or hyperbaric / haipə b rik/ adjective referring | fat, in the blood to a treatment in which someone is given oxygen at high pressure, used to treat carbon monoxide hypermetropia hypermetropia / haipəmi trəυpiə/, hyper- | poisoning opia / haipə rəυpiə/ noun a condition in which | hypercalcaemia someone sees more clearly objects which are a hypercalcaemia / haipək l si miə/ noun an | long way away, but cannot see objects which are excess of calcium in the blood close. Also called longsightedness, hyperopia hypercalcinuria hypercalcinuria / haipək lsi njυəriə/ noun | hypernatraemia hypernatraemia / haipən tri miə/ noun a a condition in which an unusually high amount of | serious condition occurring most often in babies calcium occurs in the urine or elderly people, in which too much sodium is hypercapnia hypercapnia / haipə k pniə/ noun an unusu- | present in the blood as a result of loss of water and ally high concentration of carbon dioxide in the electrolytes through diarrhoea, excessive sweat- bloodstream ing, not drinking enough or excessive salt intake hypercatabolism hypercatabolism / haipəkə t bəliz(ə)m/ | hypernephroma hypernephroma / haipənə frəυmə/ noun noun a condition in which the body breaks down | same as Grawitz tumour its own tissues or a particular substance too much. hyperopia hyperopia / haipə rəυpiə/ noun same as It causes weight loss and wasting. | hypermetropia hyperchloraemia hyperchloraemia / haipəklɔ ri miə/ noun a | hyperostosis hyperostosis /haipərɒ stəυsis/ noun exces- condition in which there is too much chloride in | the blood sive overgrowth on the outside surface of a bone, especially the frontal bone hyperchlorhydria hyperchlorhydria / haipəklɔ haidriə/ noun | hyperparathyroidism an excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach hyperparathyroidism / haipə p rə | | θairɔidiz(ə)m/ noun an unusually high concen- hyperdactylism hyperdactylism / haipə d ktiliz(ə)m/ noun | tration of parathyroid hormone in the body. It the condition of having more than the usual causes various medical problems including dam- number of fingers or toes. Also called polydac- age to the kidneys. tylism hyperphagia hyperphagia / haipə feid iə/ noun long-term hyperemesis hyperemesis / haipər emisis/ noun excessive | | compulsive overeating vomiting (NOTE: The plural is hyperemeses.) hyperpiesia hyperpiesia / haipəpai i ziə/ noun same as hyperemesis gravidarum hyperemesis gravidarum / haipəremisis | hypertension r vi deərəm/ noun uncontrollable vomiting in | hyperpituitarism pregnancy hyperpituitarism / haipə pitju itəriz(ə)m/ | hyperextension noun a condition in which the pituitary gland is hyperextension / haipərik stenʃən/ noun the | overactive act of stretching an arm or leg beyond its usual limits of movement hyperplasia hyperplasia / haipə pleiziə/ noun a condition | hyperflexion in which there is an increase in the number of hyperflexion / haipə flekʃən/ noun the act of | cells in an organ flexing a joint beyond the usual limit a hyper- flexion injury hyperpyrexia hyperpyrexia / haipəpai reksiə/ noun a body | hypergalactia temperature of above 41.1°C hypergalactia / haipə ə l ktiə/, hyperga- | lactosis / haipə lək təυsis/ noun a condition hypersecretion hypersecretion / haipəsi kri ʃ(ə)n/ noun a | | | in which too much milk is secreted condition in which too much of a substance is hyperglycaemia hyperglycaemia / haipə lai si miə/ noun an secreted | excess of glucose in the blood hypersensitive hypersensitive / haipə sensitiv/ adjective | hyperhidrosis hyperhidrosis / haipəhai drəυsis/ noun a referring to a person who reacts more strongly | condition in which too much sweat is produced than usual to an antigen
Nursing.fm Page 139 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 139 hypodermic needle hypersensitivity ber forgotten events in the past and will do what- hypersensitivity / haipəsensi tiviti/ noun a | ever the hypnotist tells him or her to do condition in which someone reacts very strongly to something such as an allergic substance her hypnotherapy hypnotherapy / hipnəυ θerəpi/ noun treat- | hypersensitivity to dust Anaphylactic shock ment by hypnosis, used in treating some addic- shows hypersensitivity to an injection. tions hypersplenism hypersplenism / haipə spleniz(ə)m/ noun a hypnotic hypnotic /hip nɒtik/ adjective 1. relating to | | condition in which too many red blood cells are hypnosis and hypnotism 2. referring to a state destroyed by the spleen, which is often enlarged which is like sleep but which is caused artificially hypertelorism hypertelorism / haipə teləriz(ə)m/ noun a 3. referring to a drug which causes sleep | condition in which there is too much space hypnotism hypnotism / hipnətiz(ə)m/ noun the tech- between two organs or parts of the body niques used to induce hypnosis hypertension hypertension / haipə tenʃən/ noun arterial hypo hypo / haipəυ/ noun (informal ) 1. same as | blood pressure that is higher than the usual range hypodermic syringe 2. an attack of hypoglycae- for gender and age. Also called high blood pres- mia, experienced, e.g., by people who are diabetic sure, hyperpiesia. Compare hypotension hypo- hypo- /haipəυ/ prefix less, too little or beneath hypertensive hypertensive / haipə tensiv/ adjective refer- | hypoaesthesia hypoaesthesia / haipəυi s θi ziə/ noun a ring to high blood pressure | condition in which someone has a diminished hypertensive headache hypertensive headache / haipətensiv sense of touch hedeik/ noun a headache caused by high blood hypocalcaemia hypocalcaemia / haipəυk l si miə/ noun an pressure | unusually low amount of calcium in the blood, hyperthermia hyperthermia / haipə θ miə/ noun a very | which can cause tetany high body temperature hypocapnia hypocapnia / haipəυ k pniə/ noun a condi- hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism / haipə θairɔidiz(ə)m/ | | tion in which there is not enough carbon dioxide noun a condition in which the thyroid gland is too in the blood active and releases unusual amounts of thyroid hypochloraemia hypochloraemia / haipəυklɔ ri miə/ noun a hormones into the blood, giving rise to a rapid | heartbeat, sweating and trembling. It can be condition in which there are not enough chlorine treated with carbimazole. Also called thyrotoxi- ions in the blood cosis hypochlorhydria hypochlorhydria / haipəυklɔ haidriə/ noun | hypertonia hypertonia / haipə təυniə/ noun an increased a condition in which there is not enough hydro- | rigidity and spasticity of the muscles chloric acid in the stomach hypertonic hypertonic / haipə tɒnik/ adjective 1. refer- hypochondria hypochondria / haipəυ kɒndriə/ noun a con- | | ring to a solution which has a higher osmotic dition in which a person is too worried about his pressure than another specified solution 2. refer- or her own health and believes he or she is ill ring to a muscle which is under unusually high hypochondriac hypochondriac / haipəυ kɒndri k/ noun a | tension person who worries about his or her health too hypertrichosis hypertrichosis / haipətri kəυsis/ noun a con- much | dition in which someone has excessive growth of hypochondriac region hypochondriac region / haipəυ kɒndri k hair on the body or on part of the body | ri d ən/ noun one of two parts of the upper hypertrophic hypertrophic / haipə trɒfik/ adjective associ- abdomen, on either side of the epigastrium below | ated with hypertrophy the floating ribs hypertrophy hypertrophy /hai p trəfi/ noun an increase in hypochondrium hypochondrium / haipəυ kɒndriəm/ noun | | the number or size of cells in a tissue one of the two hypochondriac regions in the upper hyperventilation hyperventilation / haipəventi leiʃ(ə)n/ noun part of the abdomen | very fast breathing which can be accompanied by hypochromic hypochromic / haipəυ krəυmik/ adjective| dizziness or tetany referring to blood cells or body tissue which do hypervitaminosis hypervitaminosis / haipə vitəmi nəυsis/ not have the usual amount of pigmentation | | noun a condition caused by taking too many syn- hypochromic scars thetic vitamins, especially Vitamins A and D hypodermic hypodermic / haipə d mik/ adjective | hypervolaemia hypervolaemia / haipəvɒ li miə/ noun a con- beneath the skin í noun a hypodermic syringe, | dition in which there is too much plasma in the needle or injection (informal ) blood hypodermic injection hypodermic injection / haipəd mik in | hyphaema hyphaema /hai fi miə/ noun bleeding into the d ekʃən/ noun an injection of a liquid, e.g. a | front chamber of the eye painkilling drug, beneath the skin. Also called hypn- hypn- /hipn/ prefix referring to sleep subcutaneous injection hypodermic needle hypnosis hypnosis /hip nəυsis/ noun a state like sleep, hypodermic needle / haipəd mik ni d(ə)l/ | but caused artificially, where a person can remem- noun a needle for injecting liquid under the skin
Nursing.fm Page 140 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM hypodermic syringe 140 hypodermic syringe hypophysis cerebri hypophysis cerebri /hai pɒfəsis serəbri/ hypodermic syringe / haipəd mik si | | noun same as pituitary gland rind / noun a syringe fitted with a hypodermic needle for injecting liquid under the skin hypopiesis hypopiesis / haipəυpai i sis/ noun a condi- | hypofibrinogenaemia tion in which the blood pressure is too low hypofibrinogenaemia / haipəυ fibrinəυd ə | | ni miə/ noun a condition in which there is not hypopituitarism hypopituitarism / haipəυpi tju itəriz(ə)m/ | enough fibrinogen in the blood, e.g. because of noun a condition in which the pituitary gland is several blood transfusions or as an inherited con- underactive dition hypoplasia hypoplasia / haipəυ pleiziə/ noun a lack of| hypogammaglobulinaemia hypogammaglobulinaemia / haipəυ mə development or incorrect formation of a body tis- | lɒbjυlin i miə/ noun an unusually low concen- sue or an organ | tration of gamma globulin in the blood that causes hypoplastic left heart hypoplastic left heart /haipəυ pl stik left | an immune deficiency. It may be present from hɑ t/ noun a serious heart disorder in which the birth or acquired later in life. left side of the heart does not develop properly, hypogastrium hypogastrium / haipə striəm/ noun the leading to death within six weeks of birth unless | surgery is performed part of the abdomen beneath the stomach hypoproteinaemia hypoglossal hypoproteinaemia / haipəυprəυti ni miə/ hypoglossal / haipəυ lɒsəl/ adjective 1. | | noun a condition in which there is not enough underneath or on the lower side of the tongue 2. protein in the blood relating to the hypoglossal nerve hypoprothrombinaemia hypoprothrombinaemia / haipəυprəυ hypoglossal nerve hypoglossal nerve /haipə lɒs(ə)l n v/ | | θrɒmbi ni miə/ noun a condition in which there noun the twelfth cranial nerve which governs the | is not enough prothrombin in the blood, so that muscles of the tongue the person bleeds and bruises easily hypoglycaemia hypoglycaemia / haipəυ lai si miə/ noun a | hypopyon hypopyon / haipə paiən/ noun an accumula- low concentration of glucose in the blood | tion of pus in the aqueous humour in the front hypoglycaemic hypoglycaemic / haipəυ lai si mik/ adjec- | chamber of the eye tive having hypoglycaemia hyposensitive hyposensitive / haipəυ sensitiv/ adjective hypoglycaemic coma | hypoglycaemic coma / haipəυ lai si mik being less sensitive than usual | kəυmə/ noun a state of unconsciousness affect- hypospadias hypospadias / haipə speidiəs/ noun a con- ing diabetics after taking an overdose of insulin | genital condition of the wall of the male urethra or hypohidrosis hypohidrosis / haipəυhai drəυsis/, hypoid- the vagina, so that the opening occurs on the | rosis / haipəυi drəυsis/ noun a condition in under side of the penis or in the vagina. Compare | which someone produces too little sweat epispadias hypoinsulinism hypoinsulinism / haipəυ insjυliniz(ə)m/ hypostasis hypostasis /hai pɒstəsis/ noun a condition in | | noun a condition in which the body does not have which fluid accumulates in part of the body enough insulin, often because of a problem with because of poor circulation the pancreas hypostatic hypostatic / haipəυ st tik/ adjective refer- | hypokalaemia hypokalaemia / haipəυk li miə/ noun a ring to hypostasis | deficiency of potassium in the blood hypostatic eczema hypostatic eczema / haipəυst tik eksimə/ hypomania hypomania / haipəυ meiniə/ noun a state of noun same as varicose eczema | mild mania or overexcitement, especially when hypostatic pneumonia hypostatic pneumonia / haipəυst tik nju | part of a manic-depressive cycle məυniə/ noun pneumonia caused by fluid accu- hypometropia hypometropia / haipəυmi trəυpiə/ noun mulating in the lungs of a bedridden person with | same as myopia a weak heart hyponatraemia hyposthenia hyponatraemia / haipəυn tri miə/ noun a hyposthenia / haipɒs θi niə/ noun a condition | | lack of sodium in the body of unusual bodily weakness hypoparathyroidism hypotension hypotension / haipəυ tenʃən/ noun a condi- hypoparathyroidism / haipəυ p rə | | | θairɔidiz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the tion in which the pressure of the blood is unusu- ally low. Also called low blood pressure. Com- parathyroid glands do not secrete enough parath- pare hypertension yroid hormone, leading to low blood calcium and muscle spasms hypotensive hypotensive / haipə tensiv/ adjective having | hypopharynx low blood pressure hypopharynx / haipəυ f riŋks/ noun the part | of the pharynx between the hyoid bone and the hypothalamic hypothalamic / haipəυθə l mik/ adjective | bottom of the cricoid cartilage (NOTE: The plural referring to the hypothalamus is hypopharynxes or hypopharynges.) hypothalamic hormone hypothalamic hormone / haipəυθə l mik | hypophyseal hypophyseal / haipə fiziəl/ adjective refer- hɔ məυn/ noun same as releasing hormone | ring to the pituitary gland hypothalamus hypothalamus / haipəυ θ ləməs/ noun the | hypophysectomy hypophysectomy /hai pɒfi sektəmi/ noun part of the brain above the pituitary gland, which | | the surgical removal of the pituitary gland controls the production of hormones by the pitui-
Nursing.fm Page 141 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 141 hysterotrachelorrhaphy hysteralgia tary gland and regulates important bodily func- hysteralgia / histər ld ə/ noun pain in the | tions such as hunger, thirst and sleep. See illustra- uterus tion at BRAIN in Supplement hysterectomy hysterectomy / histə rektəmi/ noun the sur- | hypothalmus hypothalmus / haipəυ θ lməs/ noun same as gical removal of the uterus, often either to treat | hypothalamus (NOTE: The plural is hypothal- cancer or because of the presence of fibroids muses or hypothalmi.) hysteria hysteria /hi stiəriə/ noun a term formerly used | hypothenar hypothenar /hai pɒθinə/ adjective referring to in psychiatry, but now informally used for a con- | dition in which the person appears unstable, and the soft fat part of the palm beneath the little fin- may scream and wave their arms about, but also is ger repressed, and may be slow to react to outside hypothenar eminence hypothenar eminence /hai pɒθinə | stimuli (dated ) eminəns/ noun a lump on the palm beneath the hysterical hysterical /hi sterik(ə)l/ adjective referring to little finger. Compare thenar | a reaction showing hysteria (informal ) hypothermia hypothermia / haipəυ θ miə/ noun a reduc- | hysterics hysterics /hi steriks/ noun an attack of hyste- tion in body temperature below normal, for med- | ria (dated ) ical purposes taken to be below 35°C hystero- hystero- /histərəυ/ prefix referring to the uterus hypothesis hypothesis /hai pɒθəsis/ noun a suggested | hystero-oöphorectomy hystero-oöphorectomy / histərəυ əυəfə explanation for an observation or experimental | rektəmi/ noun the surgical removal of the result, which is then refined or disproved by fur- ther investigation uterus, the uterine tubes and the ovaries hysteroptosis hypothyroidism hysteroptosis / histərɒp təυsis/ noun pro- hypothyroidism / haipəυ θairɔidiz(ə)m/ | | lapse of the uterus noun underactivity of the thyroid gland hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography hypotonia hypotonia / haipəυ təυniə/ noun reduced tone | / histerəυ s lpiŋ əυ kɒntrɑ st sɒn ɒ rəfi/ of the skeletal muscles | | noun examination of the uterus and Fallopian hypotonic hypotonic / haipəυ tɒnik/ adjective 1. show- | tubes by ultrasound. Abbreviation HYCOSY ing hypotonia 2. referring to a solution with a hysterosalpingography hysterosalpingography / histərəυ s lpiŋ lower osmotic pressure than plasma | | ɒ rəfi/ noun an X-ray examination of the hypotrichosis hypotrichosis / haipəυtri kəυsis/ noun a | uterus and Fallopian tubes following injection of condition in which less hair develops than usual. radio-opaque material. Also called uterosalp- Compare alopecia (NOTE: The plural is hypotri- ingography choses.) hysterosalpingosonography hysterosalpingosonography / histərəυ hypotropia hypotropia / haipəυ trəυpiə/ noun a form of | | s lpiŋ əυsə nɒ rəfi/ noun examination of the squint where one eye looks downwards | uterus and Fallopian tubes by ultrasound hypoventilation hypoventilation / haipəυventi leiʃ(ə)n/ hysterosalpingostomy hysterosalpingostomy / histərəυ s lpiŋ | | | noun very slow breathing ɒstəmi/ noun an operation to remake an open- hypovitaminosis hypovitaminosis / haipəυ vitəmi nəυsis/ ing between the uterine tube and the uterus, to | | noun a lack of vitamins help with infertility problems hypoxaemia hypoxaemia / haipɒk si miə/ noun an inade- hysteroscope hysteroscope / histərəskəυp/ noun a tube for | quate supply of oxygen in the arterial blood inspecting the inside of the uterus hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl trans- hysteroscopy hysteroscopy / histə rɒskəpi/ noun an exam- | ferase / haipəυz nθi n fɒsfə ribəsil ination of the uterine cavity using a hysteroscope | tr nsfəreis/ noun full form of HPRT or fibrescope hypoxia hypoxia /hai pɒksiə/ noun 1. an inadequate hysterotomy hysterotomy / histə rɒtəmi/ noun a surgical | | supply of oxygen to tissue as a result of a lack of incision into the uterus, as in caesarean section or oxygen in the arterial blood 2. same as hypoxae- for some types of abortion mia hysterotrachelorrhaphy hysterotrachelorrhaphy / histərəυ tr kiə | | hyster- hyster- /histə/ prefix same as hystero- (used lɒrəfi/ noun an operation to repair a tear in the cervix before vowels)
Nursing.fm Page 142 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM I -iasis id id /id/ noun (in Freudian psychology) the basic -iasis /aiəsis/ suffix disease caused by some- unconscious drives which exist in hidden forms in thing amoebiasis a person iatro- iatro- /ai trəυ/ prefix relating to medicine or ideation ideation / aidi eiʃ(ə)n/ noun the act or process doctors | of imagining or forming thoughts and ideas iatrogenesis iatrogenesis /ai trəυ d enəsis/ noun any | | identical twins identical twins /ai dentik(ə)l twinz/ plural condition caused by the actions of doctors or | noun twins who are exactly the same in appear- other healthcare professionals ance because they developed from the same iatrogenic iatrogenic /ai trə d enik/ adjective referring ovum. Also called monozygotic twins, uniovu- | | to a condition which is caused by a doctor’s treat- lar twins ment for another disease or condition an iatro- identification identification /ai dentifi keiʃ(ə)n/ noun the genic infection | | act of discovering or stating who someone is or IBS IBS abbreviation irritable bowel syndrome what something is ibuprofen ibuprofen / aibju prəυfən/ noun a nonsteroi- ideo- ideo- /aidiəυ/ prefix involving ideas | dal anti-inflammatory drug that relieves pain and idio- idio- /idiəυ/ prefix referring to one particular swelling, especially in arthritis and rheumatism. person It is also widely used as a household painkiller. idiopathic idiopathic / idiə p θik/ adjective referring to | ice pack ice pack / ais p k/ noun a cold compress made idiopathy of lumps of ice wrapped in a cloth, and pressed on idiopathic epilepsy idiopathic epilepsy / idiəp θik epi lepsi/ a swelling or bruise to reduce the pain | noun epilepsy not caused by a brain disorder, ichthamol ichthamol /ik θ mɒl/ noun a thick dark red beginning during childhood or adolescence | liquid which is a mild antiseptic and analgesic, idiopathy idiopathy / idi ɒpəθi/ noun a condition which | used in the treatment of skin diseases develops without any known cause ichthyosis ichthyosis / ikθi əυsis/ noun a hereditary con- idiosyncrasy idiosyncrasy / idiəυ siŋkrəsi/ noun a way of | | dition in which the skin does not form properly, behaving which is particular to one person resulting in a dry, non-inflammatory and scaly idiot savant idiot savant / idiəυ s vɒŋ/ noun a person appearance with learning difficulties who also possesses a ICM ICM abbreviation International Confederation of single particular mental ability, such as the ability Midwives to play music by ear, to draw remembered objects ICN or to do mental calculations, which is very highly ICN abbreviation 1. International Council of developed Nurses 2. infection control nurse idioventricular idioventricular / idiəυven trikjυlə/ adjective ICP ICP abbreviation intracranial pressure | relating to the ventricles of the heart ICRC ICRC abbreviation International Committee of idioventricular rhythm idioventricular rhythm / idiəυven trikjυlə the Red Cross | rið(ə)m/ noun a slow natural rhythm in the ven- ICSH ICSH abbreviation interstitial cell stimulating tricles of the heart, but not in the atria hormone IDK IDK abbreviation internal derangement of the icteric icteric /ik terik/ adjective referring to someone knee | with jaundice Ig Ig abbreviation immunoglobulin icterus icterus / iktərəs/ noun same as jaundice Ig A antiendomysial antibody Ig A antiendomysial antibody / ai d i ei icterus gravis neonatorum icterus gravis neonatorum / iktərəs ntiendəυ maisiəl ntibɒdi/ noun a serolog- | r vis ni əυnə tɔ rəm/ noun jaundice associ- ical screening test for coeliac disease | ated with erythroblastosis fetalis IHD IHD abbreviation ischaemic heart disease ictus ictus / iktəs/ noun a stroke or fit IL-1 IL-1 abbreviation interleukin-1 ICU IL-2 ICU abbreviation intensive care unit IL-2 abbreviation interleukin-2
Nursing.fm Page 143 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 143 imagine ile- ili- ile- /ili/ prefix same as ileo- (used before vowels) ili- /ili/ prefix same as ilio- (used before vowels) ileal iliac ileal / iliəl/ adjective referring to the ileum iliac / ili k/ adjective referring to the ilium ileal bladder ileal bladder / iliəl bl də/, ileal conduit iliac crest iliac crest / ili k krest/ noun a curved top / iliəl kɒndjuit/ noun an artificial tube formed edge of the ilium. See illustration at PELVIS in when the ureters are linked to part of the ileum, Supplement and that part is linked to an opening in the abdom- iliac fossa iliac fossa / ili k fɒsə/ noun a depression on inal wall the inner side of the hip bone ileal pouch ileal pouch / iliəl paυtʃ/ noun a part of the iliac region iliac region / ili k ri d ən/ noun one of two small intestine which is made into a new rectum regions of the lower abdomen, on either side of in a surgical operation, freeing someone from the the hypogastrium need for an ileostomy after their colon is removed iliac spine iliac spine / ili k spain/ noun a projection at ileectomy ileectomy / ili ektəmi/ noun the surgical the posterior end of the iliac crest | removal of all or part of the ileum ilio- ilio- /iliəυ/ prefix relating to the ilium ileitis ileitis / ili aitis/ noun inflammation of the ileum | iliococcygeal iliococcygeal / iliəυkɒk sid iəl/ adjective ileo- | ileo- /iliəυ/ prefix relating to the ileum referring to both the ilium and the coccyx ileocaecal ileocaecal / iliəυ si k(ə)l/ adjective referring iliolumbar iliolumbar / iliəυ l mbə/ adjective referring to | | to the ileum and the caecum the iliac and lumbar regions ileocaecal orifice ileocaecal orifice / iliəυsi k(ə)l ɒrifis/ noun iliopectineal iliopectineal / iliəυpek tiniəl/ adjective refer- an opening where the small intestine joins the | ring to both the ilium and the pubis large intestine iliopectineal eminence iliopectineal eminence / iliəυpektiniəl ileocaecal valve ileocaecal valve / ili əυsi k(ə)l v lv/ noun a | eminəns/ noun a raised area on the inner surface valve at the end of the ileum, which allows food of the innominate bone to pass from the ileum into the caecum iliopubic iliopubic / iliəυ pju bik/ adjective same as ili- ileocaecocystoplasty ileocaecocystoplasty / iliəυ si kəυ | | | opectineal saitəυpl sti/ noun an operation to reconstruct iliopubic eminence iliopubic eminence / iliəυ pju bik the bladder using a piece of the combined ileum | eminəns/ noun same as iliopectineal emi- and caecum nence ileocolic ileocolic / iliəυ kɒlik/ adjective referring to | ilium ilium / iliəm/ noun the top part of each of the hip both the ileum and the colon bones, which form the pelvis. Compare ileum. ileocolic artery ileocolic artery / ili əυkɒlik ɑ təri/ noun a See illustration at PELVIS in Supplement (NOTE: branch of the superior mesenteric artery The plural is ilia.) ileocolitis ileocolitis / iliəυkə laitis/ noun inflammation| ill ill /il/ adjective not well If you feel very ill you of both the ileum and the colon ought to see a doctor. ileocolostomy ileocolostomy / iliəυkə lɒstəmi/ noun a sur- | illness illness / ilnəs/ noun 1. a state of not being well gical operation to make a link directly between Most of the children stayed away from school the ileum and the colon because of illness. 2. a type of disease Scarlet ileoproctostomy ileoproctostomy / iliəυprɒk tɒstəmi/ noun a | fever is no longer considered to be a very serious surgical operation to create a link between the illness. He is in hospital with an infectious trop- ileum and the rectum ical illness. ileorectal ileorectal / iliəυ rekt(ə)l/ adjective referring to illusion | illusion /i lu (ə)n/ noun a condition in which a both the ileum and the rectum | person has a wrong perception of external objects ileosigmoidostomy ileosigmoidostomy / iliəυsi mɔi dɒstəmi/ | i.m. i.m., IM abbreviation intramuscular noun a surgical operation to create a link between image image / imid / noun a sensation, e.g. a smell, the ileum and the sigmoid colon sight or taste, which is remembered clearly ileostomy ileostomy / ili ɒstəmi/ noun a surgical opera- | imagery imagery / imid əri/ noun visual sensations tion to make an opening between the ileum and clearly produced in the mind the abdominal wall to act as an artificial opening for excretion of faeces imaginary imaginary /i m d in(ə)ri/ adjective referring | ileostomy bag to something which does not exist but is imagined ileostomy bag / ili ɒstəmi b / noun a bag | attached to the opening made by an ileostomy, to imagination imagination /i m d i neiʃ(ə)n/ noun the abil- | | collect faeces as they are passed out of the body ity to see or invent things in your mind In her ileum ileum / iliəm/ noun the lower part of the small imagination she saw herself sitting on a beach in the sun. intestine, between the jejunum and the caecum. Compare ilium. See illustration at DIGESTIVE SYS- imagine imagine /i m d in/ verb to see, hear or feel | TEM in Supplement (NOTE: The plural is ilea.) something in your mind Imagine yourself sit- ileus ileus / iliəs/ noun obstruction of the intestine, ting on the beach in the sun. I thought I heard usually distension caused by loss of muscular someone shout, but I must have imagined it action in the bowel. paralytic ileus because there is no one there.
Nursing.fm Page 144 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM imaging 144 imaging immunocompromised immunocompromised / imjυnəυ imaging / imid iŋ/ noun a technique for creat- | kɒmprəmaizd/ adjective not able to offer resist- ing pictures of sections of the body, using scan- ance to infection ners attached to computers immunodeficiency immunodeficiency / imjυnəυdi fiʃ(ə)nsi/ imbalance imbalance /im b ləns/ noun a situation in | | noun a lack of immunity to a disease which things are unequal or in the wrong propor- immunodeficiency virus tions to one another, e.g. in the diet immunodeficiency virus / imjυnəυdi | fiʃ(ə)nsi vairəs/ noun a retrovirus which imipramine imipramine /i miprəmi n/ noun a drug that is | attacks the immune system used as a treatment for depression immunodeficient immunodeficient / imjυnəυdi fiʃ(ə)nt/ immature immature / imə tʃυə/ adjective not mature, | | adjective lacking immunity to a disease This lacking insight and emotional stability form of meningitis occurs in persons who are immature cell immature cell / imətʃυə sel/ noun a cell immunodeficient. which is still developing immunogenic immunogenic / imjυnəυ d enik/ adjective | immaturity immaturity / imə tʃυəriti/ noun behaviour producing an immune response | which is lacking in maturity immunogenicity immunogenicity / imjυnəυd ə nisiti/ noun | immobilisation the property which makes a substance able to pro- immobilisation /i məυbilai zeiʃ(ə)n/, immo- | | duce an immune response in an organism bilization noun the act of preventing somebody or something from being able to move immunoglobulin immunoglobulin / imjυnəυ lɒbjυlin/ noun | an antibody, a protein produced in blood plasma immobilise immobilise /i məυbilaiz/, immobilize verb 1. | as protection against infection, the commonest to keep someone from moving 2. to attach a splint being gamma globulin. Abbreviation Ig (NOTE: to a joint or fractured limb to prevent the bones The five main classes are called: immunoglob- from moving ulin G, A, D, E and M or IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE and immune immune /i mju n/ adjective protected against IgM.) | an infection or allergic disease She seems to be immunological immunological / imjυnə lɒd ik(ə)l/ adjec- immune to colds. The injection should make | tive referring to immunology you immune to yellow fever. immunologist immunologist / imjυ nɒləd ist/ noun a spe- immune deficiency immune deficiency /i mju n di fiʃ(ə)nsi/ | | | cialist in immunology noun a lack of immunity to a disease. AIDS immunology immunology / imjυ nɒləd i/ noun the study immune reaction | immune reaction /i mju n ri kʃən/, of immunity and immunisation | | immune response /i mju n ri spɒns/ noun a | | immunosuppressant immunosuppressant / imjυnəυsə reaction of a body to an antigen | | pres(ə)nt/ noun a drug used to act against the immune system immune system /i mju n sistəm/ noun a response of the immune system to reject a trans- | complex network of cells and cell products, planted organ which protects the body from disease. It includes immunosuppression immunosuppression / imjυnəυsə the thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, white blood | | preʃ(ə)n/ noun the suppression of the body’s cells and antibodies. natural immune system so that it will not reject a immunisation immunisation / imjυnai zeiʃ(ə)n/, immuni- transplanted organ | zation noun the process of making a person immunosuppressive immunosuppressive / imjυnəυsə presiv/ | | immune to an infection, either by injecting an noun a drug used to counteract the response of the antiserum, passive immunisation or by inocula- immune system to reject a transplanted organ í tion adjective counteracting the immune system immunise immunise / imjυnaiz/, immunize verb to give immunotherapy / imjυnəυ θerəpi/ noun immunotherapy | someone immunity from an infection. vacci- adoptive immunotherapy nate (NOTE: You immunise someone against a immunotransfusion immunotransfusion / imjυnəυtr ns | | disease.) fju (ə)n/ noun a transfusion of blood, serum or immunity immunity /i mju niti/ noun the ability to resist plasma containing immune bodies | attacks of a disease because antibodies are pro- Imodium Imodium /i məυdiəm/ a trade name for Iopera- | duced The vaccine gives immunity to tubercu- mide hydrochloride losis. impacted impacted /im p ktid/ adjective tightly pressed | immuno- immuno- /imjυnəυ, imju nəυ/ prefix immune, or firmly lodged against something immunity impacted faeces impacted faeces /im p ktid fi si z/ plural | immunoassay immunoassay / imjυnəυ sei/ noun a test for noun extremely hard dry faeces which cannot | the presence and strength of antibodies pass through the anus and have to be surgically removed immunocompetence immunocompetence / imjυnəυ | impacted fracture impacted fracture /im p ktid fr ktʃə/ kɒmpitəns/ noun the ability to develop an | immune response following exposure to an anti- noun a fracture where the broken parts of the gen bones are pushed into each other
Nursing.fm Page 145 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 145 incidence rate impacted tooth impotence impotence / impət(ə)ns/ noun the inability in impacted tooth /im p ktid tu θ/ noun a | a male to have an erection or to ejaculate, and so tooth which is held against another tooth and so have sexual intercourse cannot grow normally impotent impacted ureteric calculus impotent / impət(ə)nt/ adjective (of a man) impacted ureteric calculus /im p ktid | jυəriterik k lkjυləs/ noun a small hard mass unable to have sexual intercourse of mineral salts which is lodged in a ureter impregnate impregnate / impre neit/ verb 1. to make a impaction impaction /im p kʃən/ noun a condition in female pregnant 2. to soak a cloth with a liquid | a cloth impregnated with antiseptic which things are closely pressed together and cannot develop or move normally impregnation impregnation / impre neiʃ(ə)n/ noun the | impair action of impregnating impair /im peə/ verb to harm a sense or function | so that it does not work properly impression impression /im preʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. a mould of a | impaired hearing person’s jaw made by a dentist before making a impaired hearing /im peəd hiəriŋ/ noun | denture 2. a depression on an organ or structure hearing which is not clear and sharp into which another organ or structure fits impaired vision impaired vision /im peəd vi (ə)n/ noun eye- | impulse impulse / imp ls/ noun 1. a message transmit- sight which is not fully clear ted by a nerve 2. a sudden feeling of wanting to impairment impairment /im peəmənt/ noun a condition in | act in a specific way which a sense or function is harmed so that it does in- in- /in/ prefix 1. in, into, towards 2. not not work properly His hearing impairment does not affect his work. The impairment was inaccessible inaccessible / inək sesib(ə)l/ adjective 1. | progressive, but she did not notice that her eye- physically difficult or impossible to reach 2. very sight was getting worse. technical and difficult to understand impalpable impalpable /im p lpəb(ə)l/ adjective not able inanition inanition / inə niʃ(ə)n/ noun a state of exhaus- | | to be felt when touched tion caused by starvation impediment impediment /im pedimənt/ noun an obstruc- inarticulate inarticulate / inɑ tikjυlət/ adjective 1. with- | | tion out joints or segments, as in the bones of the skull 2. unable to speak fluently or intelligibly 3. not imperforate imperforate /im p f(ə)rət/ adjective without | understandable as speech or language an opening in articulo mortis in articulo mortis /in ɑ tikjυləυ mɔ tis/ imperforate anus imperforate anus /im p f(ə)rət einəs/ | | adverb a Latin phrase meaning ‘at the onset of noun same as proctatresia death’ imperforate hymen imperforate hymen /im p f(ə)rət haimen/ | inborn inborn /in bɔ n/ adjective congenital, which is noun a membrane in the vagina which is missing | in the body from birth A body has an inborn the opening for the menstrual flow tendency to reject transplanted organs. impermeable impermeable /im p miəb(ə)l/ adjective not | inbreeding inbreeding / inbri diŋ/ noun a situation where allowing liquids or gases to pass through closely related males and females, or those with impetigo impetigo / impi tai əυ/ noun an irritating and | very similar genetic make-up, have children very contagious skin disease caused by staphylo- together, so allowing congenital conditions to be cocci, which spreads rapidly and is easily passed passed on from one child to another, but can be treated with incapacitated incapacitated / inkə p siteitid/ adjective antibiotics | not able to act or work He was incapacitated implant implant noun / implɑ nt/ something grafted or for three weeks by his accident. inserted into a person, e.g. tissue, a drug, inert incarcerated incarcerated /in kɑ səreitid/ adjective refer- material or a device such as a pacemaker í verb | ring to a hernia which cannot be corrected by /im plɑ nt/ 1. to fix into something The ovum | physical manipulation implants in the wall of the uterus. 2. to graft or inception rate inception rate /in sepʃən reit/ noun the insert tissue, a drug, inert material or a device | The site was implanted with the biomaterial. number of new cases of a disease during a period of time, per thousand of population implantation implantation / implɑ n teiʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the | incest incest / insest/ noun an act of sexual inter- act of grafting or inserting tissue, a drug, inert material or a device into a person, or the introduc- course or other sexual activity with so close a rel- tion of one tissue into another surgically 2. a place ative, that it is illegal or culturally not allowed in or on the body where an implant is positioned incidence incidence / insid(ə)ns/ noun the number of 3. same as nidation times something happens in a specific population implant site implant site / implɑ nt sait/ noun a place in or over a period of time the incidence of drug- on the body where the implant is positioned related deaths Men have a higher incidence of strokes than women. implosion implosion /im pləυ (ə)n/ noun the violent | incidence rate incidence rate / insid(ə)ns reit/ noun the inward collapse of a hollow structure. It happens when the pressure outside the structure is greater number of new cases of a disease during a given than the pressure inside it. period, per thousand of population
Nursing.fm Page 146 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM incipient 146 incipient trol the bladder. Double incontinence is the ina- incipient /in sipiənt/ adjective just beginning | bility to control both the bladder and the bowels.) or in its early stages He has an incipient appen- incontinence pad dicitis. The tests detected incipient diabetes incontinence pad /in kɒntinəns p d/ noun a | mellitus. pad of material to absorb urine incision incision /in si (ə)n/ noun a cut in a person’s incontinent incontinent /in kɒntinənt/ adjective unable to | | body made by a surgeon using a scalpel, or any control the discharge of urine or faeces cut made with a sharp knife or razor The first incoordination incoordination / inkəυɔ di neiʃ(ə)n/ noun a | incision is made two millimetres below the second situation in which the muscles in various parts of rib. Compare excision the body do not act together, making it impossible incisional incisional /in si (ə)n(ə)l/ adjective referring to to carry out some actions | an incision incubation incubation / iŋkjυ beiʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the | incisional hernia incisional hernia /in si (ə)n(ə)l h niə/ development of an infection inside the body | noun a hernia which breaks through the abdomi- before the symptoms of the disease appear 2. the nal wall at a place where a surgical incision was keeping of an ill or premature baby in a controlled made during an operation environment in an incubator 3. the process of cul- turing cells or microorganisms under controlled incisor incisor /in saizə/, incisor tooth /in saizə | | conditions tu θ/ noun one of the front teeth, of which there incubation period incubation period / iŋkjυ beiʃ(ə)n piəriəd/ are four each in the upper and lower jaws, which | are used to cut off pieces of food. See illustration noun the time during which a virus or bacterium at TEETH in Supplement develops in the body after contamination or infec- tion, before the appearance of the symptoms of inclusion inclusion /in klu (ə)n/ noun something | the disease. Also called stadium invasioni enclosed inside something else incubator incubator / iŋkjυbeitə/ noun 1. an apparatus inclusion bodies inclusion bodies /in klu (ə)n bɒdiz/ plural | for growing bacterial cultures 2. an enclosed con- noun very small particles found in cells infected tainer in which a premature baby can be kept, by a virus within which conditions such as temperature and inclusive inclusive /in klu siv/ adjective (of health serv- | oxygen levels can be controlled ices) provided whether or not someone has a dis- incurable incurable /in kjυərəb(ə)l/ adjective who or ability or special needs | which cannot be cured He is suffering from an incompatibility incompatibility / inkəmp ti biliti/ noun the incurable disease of the blood. í noun a patient | fact of being incompatible the incompatibility who will never be cured She has been admitted of the donor’s blood with that of the patient to a hospital for incurables. incompatible incompatible / inkəm p tib(ə)l/ adjective 1. incus incus / iŋkəs/ noun one of the three ossicles in | referring to something which does not go together the middle ear, shaped like an anvil. See illustra- with something else 2. referring to drugs which tion at EAR in Supplement must not be used together because they undergo independent independent / indi pendənt/ adjective not chemical change and the therapeutic effect is lost | controlled by someone or something else or changed to something undesirable 3. referring independent nursing function independent nursing function to tissue which is genetically different from other / indipendənt n siŋ f ŋkʃən/ noun any part tissue, making it impossible to transplant into that of the nurse’s job for which the nurse takes full tissue responsibility incompatible blood incompatible blood / inkəmp təb(ə)l Inderal Inderal / indər l/ a trade name for propranolol bl d/ noun blood from a donor that does not index finger match the blood of the person receiving the trans- index finger / indeks fiŋ ə/ noun the first fin- fusion ger next to the thumb incompetence incompetence / inkɒmpit(ə)ns/ noun the ina- indication indication / indi keiʃ(ə)n/ noun a situation or | bility to do a particular act, especially a lack of sign which suggests that a specific treatment knowledge or skill which makes a person unable should be given or that a condition has a particular to do particular job cause Sulpha drugs have been replaced by anti- biotics in many indications. contraindication incompetent cervix incompetent cervix /in kɒmpit(ə)nt | indicator s viks/ noun a dysfunctional cervix of the indicator / indikeitə/ noun 1. a substance uterus which is often the cause of spontaneous which shows something, e.g. a substance secreted abortions and premature births and can be reme- in body fluids which shows which blood group a died by purse-string stitching person belongs to 2. something that serves as a warning or guide incomplete abortion incomplete abortion / inkəmpli t ə | indigenous bɔ ʃ(ə)n/ noun an abortion where part of the indigenous /in did inəs/ adjective 1. natural | contents of the uterus is not expelled or inborn 2. native to or representative of a coun- try or region incontinence incontinence /in kɒntinəns/ noun the inabil- | indigestion indigestion / indi d estʃən/ noun a distur- ity to control the discharge of urine or faeces | bance of the normal process of digestion, where (NOTE: Single incontinence is the inability to con-
Nursing.fm Page 147 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 147 inferior aspect infant the person experiences pain or discomfort in the infant / infənt/ noun a child under two years of stomach He is taking tablets to relieve his indi- age gestion or He is taking indigestion tablets. dys- infanticide infanticide /in f ntisaid/ noun 1. the act of | pepsia killing an infant 2. a person who kills an infant indigo carmine indigo carmine / indi əυ kɑ main/ noun a infantile infantile / infəntail/ adjective referring to small blue dye which is injected into a person to test children how well their kidneys are working infantile convulsions infantile convulsions / infəntail kən | indirect contact indirect contact / indairekt kɒnt kt/ noun v lʃənz/, infantile spasms plural noun convul- the fact of catching a disease by inhaling germs or sions or minor epileptic fits in small children by being in contact with a vector infantile paralysis infantile paralysis / infəntail pə r ləsis/ | individualise individualise / indi vid uə laiz/, individual- noun a former name for poliomyelitis | | ize verb to provide something that matches the infantilism infantilism /in f ntiliz(ə)m/ noun a condition needs of a specific person or situation individ- | in which a person keeps some characteristics of ualised care an infant when he or she becomes an adult individualised nursing care individualised nursing care infant mortality rate infant mortality rate / infənt mɔ t liti / individjuəlaizd n siŋ keə/ noun care which | reit/ noun the number of infants who die per is designed to provide exactly what one particular thousand births patient needs The home’s staff are specially infarct infarct / infɑ kt/ noun an area of tissue which is trained to provide individualised nursing care. killed when the blood supply is cut off by the Indocid Indocid / indəsid/ a trade name for indometh- blockage of an artery acin infarction infarction /in fɑ kʃ(ə)n/ noun a condition in indolent | indolent / indələnt/ adjective 1. causing little which tissue is killed by the cutting off of the pain 2. referring to an ulcer which develops blood supply slowly and does not heal infect infect /in fekt/ verb to contaminate someone or indomethacin | indomethacin / indəυ meθəsin/ noun a drug something with microorganisms that cause dis- | that reduces pain, fever and inflammation, espe- ease or toxins The disease infected her liver. cially that caused by arthritis The whole arm soon became infected. indrawn indrawn /in drɔ n/ adjective pulled inside infected wound infected wound /in fektid wu nd/ noun a | | induce induce /in dju s/ verb to make something hap- wound into which bacteria have entered | pen infection infection /in fekʃən/ noun 1. the entry or intro- | induced abortion induced abortion /in dju st ə bɔ ʃ(ə)n/ noun duction into the body of microorganisms, which | | an abortion which is deliberately caused by drugs then multiply As a carrier he was spreading or by surgery infection to other people in the office. 2. an illness induction which is caused by the entry of microbes into the induction /in d kʃən/ noun 1. the process of | body She is susceptible to minor infections. starting or speeding up the birth of a baby 2. the stimulation of an enzyme’s production when the infectious infectious /in fekʃəs/ adjective referring to a| substance on which it acts increases in concentra- disease which is caused by microorganisms and tion 3. a process by which one part of an embryo can be transmitted to other persons by direct influences another part’s development 4. infor- means This strain of flu is highly infectious. mation and support given to new employees in an Her measles is at the infectious stage. organisation infectious disease infectious disease /in fekʃəs di zi z/ noun a | | induction of labour induction of labour /in d kʃən əv leibə/ disease caused by microorganisms such as bacte- | noun the action of starting childbirth artificially ria, viruses or fungi. communicable disease, induration contagious disease induration / indjυə reiʃ(ə)n/ noun the harden-| infectious mononucleosis ing of tissue or of an artery because of pathologi- infectious mononucleosis /in fekʃəs | cal change mɒnəυ nju kli əυsis/ noun an infectious dis- | | ease where the body has an excessive number of industrial disease industrial disease /in d striəl di zi z/ noun | | white blood cells. Also called glandular fever a disease which is caused by the type of work infectious parotitis done by a worker or by the conditions in which he infectious parotitis /in fekʃəs p rə taitis/ | | or she works, e.g. by dust produced or chemicals noun same as mumps used in the factory infective infective /in fektiv/ adjective referring to a dis- | inebriation inebriation /i ni bri eiʃ(ə)n/ noun a state ease caused by a microorganism, which can be | | where a person is drunk, especially habitually caught from another person but which may not drunk always be directly transmitted inertia inferior inertia /i n ʃə/ noun a lack of activity in the inferior /in fiəriə/ adjective referring to a lower | | body or mind part of the body. Opposite superior in extremis inferior aspect in extremis /in iks tri mis/ adverb at the inferior aspect /in fiəriər spekt/ noun a | | moment of death view of the body from below
Nursing.fm Page 148 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM inferiority 148 inferiority stimulus by becoming inflamed She showed an inferiority /in fiəri ɒriti/ noun the fact of being | | inflammatory response to the ointment. lower in value or quality, substandard influenza inferiority complex influenza / influ enzə/ noun an infectious dis- inferiority complex /in fiəri ɒriti | | | ease of the upper respiratory tract with fever and kɒmpleks/ noun a mental disorder arising from muscular aches, which is transmitted by a virus a combination of wanting to be noticed and fear of and can occur in epidemics. Also called flu humiliation. The resulting behaviour may either be aggression or withdrawal from the external informed informed /in fɔ md/ adjective having the latest | world. information inferior mesenteric artery inferior mesenteric artery /in fiəriə mesen informed consent informed consent /in fɔ md kən sent/ noun | | | | terik ɑ təri/ noun one of the arteries which sup- an agreement to allow a procedure to be carried ply the transverse colon and rectum out, given by a patient, or the guardian of a inferior vena cava inferior vena cava /in fiəriə vi nə kɑ və/ patient, who has been provided with all the neces- | noun the main vein carrying blood from the lower sary information part of the body to the heart. See illustration at infra- infra- / infrə/ prefix below in Supplement, KIDNEY in Supplement HEART infrared infrared / infrə red/ adjective relating to infra- | infertility infertility / infə tiliti/ noun the fact of not being red radiation í noun invisible electromagnetic | fertile, not able to reproduce radiation between light and radio waves infestation infestation / infe steiʃ(ə)n/ noun the fact of infrared rays infrared rays / infrəred reiz/ plural noun long | having large numbers of parasites, or an invasion invisible rays, below the visible red end of the col- of the body by parasites The condition is our spectrum, used to produce heat in body tis- caused by infestation of the hair with lice. sues in the treatment of traumatic and inflamma- infiltrate infiltrate / infiltreit/ verb (of liquid or waste) to tory conditions. light therapy pass from one part of the body to another through infundibulum infundibulum / inf n dibjυləm/ noun any | a wall or membrane and be deposited in the other part of the body shaped like a funnel, especially part í noun a substance which has infiltrated a the stem which attaches the pituitary gland to the part of the body hypothalamus infiltration infiltration / infil treiʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the proc- infusion | infusion /in fju (ə)n/ noun 1. a drink made by ess where a liquid passes through the walls of one | pouring boiling water on a dry substance such as part of the body into another part 2. a condition in herb tea or a powdered drug 2. the process of which waste is brought to and deposited around putting of liquid into someone’s body, using a cells drip infirm infirm /in f m/ adjective old and weak ingesta | ingesta /in d estə/ plural noun food or liquid | infirmary infirmary /in f məri/ noun 1. a room in a that enters the body via the mouth | school or workplace where people can go if they ingestion ingestion /in d estʃən/ noun the act of taking are ill 2. a former name for a hospital (NOTE: | in food, drink or medicine by the mouth Infirmary is still used in the names of some hos- ingrowing toenail ingrowing toenail / in rəυiŋ təυneil/, pitals: the Glasgow Royal Infirmary.) ingrowing nail / in rəυiŋ neil/, ingrown toe- infirmity infirmity /in f miti/ noun a lack of strength | nail / in rəυn təυneil/ noun a toenail which is and energy because of illness or age (formal ) growing into the skin at the side of the nail, caus- inflamed inflamed /in fleimd/ adjective sore, red and | ing pain and swelling. The toenail cuts into the swollen The skin has become inflamed around tissue on either side of it, creating inflammation the sore. and sometimes sepsis and ulceration. inflammation inflammation / inflə meiʃ(ə)n/ noun the fact inguinal | inguinal / iŋ win(ə)l/ adjective referring to the of having become sore, red and swollen as a reac- groin tion to an infection, an irritation or a blow She inguinal canal inguinal canal / iŋ win(ə)l kə n l/ noun a has an inflammation of the bladder or a bladder | passage in the lower abdominal wall, carrying the inflammation. The body’s reaction to infection spermatic cord in the male and the round ligament took the form of an inflammation of the eyelid. of the uterus in the female inflammatory inflammatory /in fl mət(ə)ri/ adjective caus- | inguinal hernia inguinal hernia / iŋ win(ə)l h niə/ noun a ing an organ or a tissue to become sore, red and hernia where the intestine bulges through the swollen muscles in the groin inflammatory bowel disease inflammatory bowel disease /in | inguinal ligament inguinal ligament / iŋ win(ə)l li əmənt/ fl mət(ə)ri baυəl di zi z/ noun any condition, | noun a ligament in the groin, running from the e.g. Crohn’s disease, colitis or ileitis, in which the spine to the pubis. Also called Poupart’s liga- bowel becomes inflamed ment inflammatory response inflammatory response /in fl mət(ə)ri ri | | inguinal region inguinal region / iŋ win(ə)l ri d ən/ noun spɒns/, /in inflammatory reaction | fl mət(ə)ri ri kʃən/ noun any condition the part of the body where the lower abdomen | where an organ or a tissue reacts to an external joins the top of the thigh. groin
Nursing.fm Page 149 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 149 inpatient inhalation hospital treatment. He received severe facial inhalation / inhə leiʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the act of | injuries in the accident. breathing in. Opposite exhalation 2. the action of injury scoring system breathing in a medicinal substance as part of a injury scoring system / ind əri skɔ riŋ treatment 3. a medicinal substance which is sistəm/ noun any system used for deciding how breathed in severe an injury is a standard lung injury scor- ing system Abbreviation ISS inhale inhale /in heil/ verb 1. to breathe in, or breathe | inlay something in She inhaled some toxic gas fumes inlay / inlei/ noun (in dentistry) a type of filling and was rushed to hospital. 2. to breathe in a for teeth medicinal substance as part of a treatment. Oppo- inlet inlet / inlet/ noun a passage or opening through site exhale which a cavity can be entered inhaler inhaler /in heilə/ noun a small device for innate innate /i neit/ adjective inherited, which is | | administering medicinal substances into the present in a body from birth mouth or nose so that they can be breathed in inner pleura inner pleura / inə plυərə/ noun same as vis- inherent inherent /in hiərənt/ adjective referring to a ceral pleura | thing which is part of the essential character of a innervation innervation / in veiʃ(ə)n/ noun the nerve person or a permanent characteristic of an organ- | supply to an organ, including both motor nerves ism and sensory nerves inherit inherit /in herit/ verb to receive genetically innocent | innocent / inəs(ə)nt/ adjective referring to a controlled characteristics from a parent She growth which is benign, not malignant inherited her father’s red hair. Haemophilia is innominate innominate /i nɒminət/ adjective with no a condition which is inherited through the | name mother’s genes. innominate artery innominate artery /i nɒminət ɑ təri/ noun inheritance inheritance /in herit(ə)ns/ noun 1. the process | | the largest branch of the arch of the aorta, which by which genetically controlled characteristics continues as the right common carotid and right pass from parents to offspring the inheritance subclavian arteries of chronic inflammatory bowel disease 2. all of innominate bone the qualities and characteristics which are passed innominate bone /i nɒminət bəυn/ noun | down from parents an unfortunate part of our same as hip bone genetic inheritance innominate vein innominate vein /i nɒminət vein/ noun | inherited inherited /in heritid/ adjective passed on from same as brachiocephalic vein | a parent through the genes an inherited disor- inoculate inoculate /i nɒkjυleit/ verb to introduce vac- | der of the lungs cine into a person’s body in order to make the inhibit inhibit /in hibit/ verb to prevent an action hap- body create its own antibodies, so making the per- | son immune to the disease The baby was inoc- pening, or stop a functional process Aspirin ulated against diphtheria. (NOTE: You inoculate inhibits the clotting of blood. someone with or against a disease.) inhibition inhibition / inhi biʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the action of | inoculation inoculation /i nɒkjυ leiʃ(ə)n/ noun the action blocking or preventing something happening, | | of inoculating someone Has the baby had a especially of preventing a muscle or organ from diphtheria inoculation? functioning properly 2. (in psychology) the sup- pression of a thought which is associated with a inoculum inoculum /i nɒkjυləm/ noun a substance used | sense of guilt 3. (in psychology) the blocking of a for inoculation, e.g. a vaccine (NOTE: The plural spontaneous action by some mental influence is inocula.) inhibitor inhibitor /in hibitə/ noun a substance which inoperable inoperable /in ɒpər(ə)b(ə)l/ adjective refer- | | inhibits ring to a condition which cannot be operated on inject The surgeon decided that the cancer was inoper- inject /in d ekt/ verb to put a liquid into some- | able. one’s body under pressure, by using a hollow nee- inorganic dle inserted into the tissues He was injected inorganic / inɔ nik/ adjective referring to a | with morphine. She injected herself with a substance which is not made from animal or veg- drug. etable sources injected inorganic acid injected /in d ektid/ adjective 1. referring to a inorganic acid / inɔ nik sid/ noun an | liquid or substance introduced into the body 2. acid which comes from minerals, used in dilute referring to surface blood vessels which are swol- form to help indigestion len inotropic inotropic / inəυ trɒpik/ adjective affecting the | injection injection /in d ekʃən/ noun 1. the act of inject- way muscles contract, especially those of the | ing a liquid into the body He had a penicillin heart injection. 2. a liquid introduced into the body inpatient inpatient / in peiʃ(ə)nt/ noun someone who | injury injury / ind əri/ noun damage or a wound stays overnight or for some time in a hospital for caused to a person’s body His injuries required treatment or observation. Compare outpatient
Nursing.fm Page 150 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM inquest 150 inquest institution inquest / iŋkwest/ noun an inquiry by a coro- institution / insti tju ʃ(ə)n/ noun a place | ner into the cause of a death where people are cared for, e.g. a hospital or clinic, especially a psychiatric hospital or chil- insanitary insanitary /in s nit(ə)ri/ adjective not hygi- | dren’s home enic Cholera spread rapidly because of the institutionalisation institutionalisation insanitary conditions in the town. / insti tju ʃ(ə)nəlai | | zeiʃ(ə)n/, institutionalization, institutional insanity insanity /in s niti/ noun a psychotic mental | neurosis / institju ʃən(ə)l njυ rəυsis/ noun a disorder or illness | condition in which someone has become so insect insect / insekt/ noun a small animal with six adapted to life in an institution that it is impossi- legs and a body in three parts ble for him or her to live outside it insect bite insect bite / insekt bait/ noun a sting caused instrument instrument / instrυmənt/ noun a piece of by an insect which punctures the skin to suck equipment or a tool The doctor had a box of blood, and in so doing introduces irritants surgical instruments. COMMENT: Most insect bites are simply irri- instrumental delivery instrumental delivery / instrυment(ə)l di tating. Others can be more serious, as in- | liv(ə)ri/ noun childbirth where the doctor uses sects can carry the organisms which pro- forceps to help the baby out of the mother’s uterus duce typhus, sleeping sickness, malaria, insufficiency filariasis and many other diseases. insufficiency / insə fiʃ(ə)nsi/ noun the fact of | not being strong or large enough to perform usual insecticide insecticide /in sektisaid/ noun a substance | functions The patient is suffering from a renal which kills insects insufficiency. insemination insemination /in semi neiʃ(ə)n/ noun the fer- | | insufflation insufflation / insə fleiʃ(ə)n/ noun the act of tilisation of an ovum by a sperm | blowing gas, vapour or powder into the lungs or insensible insensible /in sensib(ə)l/ adjective 1. lacking | another body cavity as a treatment feeling or consciousness 2. not aware of or insulin insulin / insjυlin/ noun a hormone produced by responding to a stimulus 3. too slight to be per- the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas ceived by the senses insulinase insertion insulinase / insjυlineiz/ noun an enzyme insertion /in s ʃ(ə)n/ noun the point of attach- | which breaks down insulin ment of a muscle to a bone insulin dependence insidious insulin dependence / insjυlin di pendəns/ insidious /in sidiəs/ adjective causing harm | | noun the fact of being dependent on insulin injec- without showing any obvious signs tions insidious disease insidious disease /in sidiəs di zi z/ noun a | | insulin-dependent diabetes insulin-dependent diabetes / insjυlin di disease which causes damage before being | pendənt daiə bi tiz/ noun same as Type I dia- detected | betes mellitus insight insight / insait/ noun the ability of a person to insulinoma insulinoma / insjυli nəυmə/ noun a tumour in realise that he or she is ill or has particular prob- | lems or characteristics the islets of Langerhans in situ insulin-resistant in situ / in sitju / adverb in place insulin-resistant / insjυlin ri zist(ə)nt/ | adjective referring to a condition in which the insoluble insoluble /in sɒljυb(ə)l/ adjective not able to | muscle and other tissue cells respond inade- be dissolved in liquid quately to insulin, as in Type II diabetes insoluble fibre insoluble fibre /in sɒljυb(ə)l faibə/ noun the | insuloma insuloma / insjυ ləυmə/ noun same as insuli- fibre in bread and cereals, which is not digested | noma but which swells inside the intestine insult insult / ins lt/ noun 1. a physical injury or insomnia insomnia /in sɒmniə/ noun the inability to | trauma 2. something that causes a physical injury sleep She experiences insomnia. What does or trauma the doctor give you for your insomnia? Also Intal called sleeplessness Intal / int l/ a trade name for a preparation of insomniac cromolyn sodium insomniac /in sɒmni k/ noun a person who | has insomnia integrated service integrated service / inti reitid s vis/ inspiration noun a broad care service provided by health and inspiration / inspi reiʃ(ə)n/ noun the act of | social agencies acting together taking air into the lungs. Opposite expiration integrative medicine instep integrative medicine / inti reitiv instep / instep/ noun an arched top part of the med(ə)s(ə)n/ noun the combination of main- foot stream therapies and those complementary or instillation instillation / insti leiʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the process | alternative therapies for which there is scientific of putting a liquid in drop by drop 2. a liquid put evidence of efficacy and safety in drop by drop integument integument /in te jυmənt/ noun a covering instinct instinct / instiŋkt/ noun a tendency or ability | layer, e.g. the skin which the body has from birth and does not need intellect intellect / intilekt/ noun a person’s ability to to learn The body has a natural instinct to pro- tect itself from danger. think, reason and understand
Nursing.fm Page 151 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 151 internal carotid intelligence interferon intelligence /in telid əns/ noun the ability to interferon / intə fiərɒn/ noun a protein pro- | | learn and understand quickly duced by cells, usually in response to a virus, and which then reduces the spread of viruses intelligence quotient intelligence quotient /in telid əns | interior /in tiəriə/ noun a part which is inside í interior kwəυʃ(ə)nt/ noun the ratio of the mental age, as | given by an intelligence test, to the chronological adjective inside age of the person. Abbreviation IQ interleukin interleukin / intə lu kin/ noun a protein pro-| intensity intensity /in tensiti/ noun the strength of e.g. duced by the body’s immune system | pain interleukin-1 interleukin-1 / intəlu kin w n/ noun a pro- intensive care intensive care /in tensiv keə/ noun 1. the tein which causes high temperature. Abbreviation | continual supervision and treatment of an IL-1 extremely ill person in a special section of a hos- interleukin-2 interleukin-2 / intəlu kin tu / noun a protein pital The patient was put in intensive care. which stimulates T-cell production, used in the residential care 2. same as intensive care unit treatment of cancer. Abbreviation IL-2 intensive care unit intensive care unit /in tensiv keə ju nit/ interlobar interlobar / intə ləυbə/ adjective between | | noun a section of a hospital equipped with life- lobes saving and life-support equipment in which seri- interlobar artery interlobar artery / intələυbər ɑ təri/ noun ously ill people who need constant medical atten- an artery running towards the cortex on each side tion are cared for. Abbreviation ICU of a renal pyramid intention intention /in tenʃən/ noun 1. the healing proc- interlobular interlobular /intə lɒbjυlə/ adjective between | | ess 2. a plan to do something lobules intention tremor intention tremor /in tenʃən tremə/ noun a interlobular artery interlobular artery /intə lɒbjυlə ɑ təri/ | | trembling of the hands seen when people suffer- noun one of the arteries running to the glomeruli ing from particular brain diseases make voluntary of the kidneys movements to try to touch something intermediate care intermediate care / intəmi diət keə/ noun inter- inter- /intə/ prefix between care following surgery or illness that can be deliv- interaction interaction / intər kʃən/ noun an effect ered in special units attached to a hospital or in the | which two or more substances such as drugs have person’s home by a special multidisciplinary team on each other intermittent intermittent / intə mit(ə)nt/ adjective occur- | interatrial septum interatrial septum / intər eitriəl septəm/ ring at intervals | noun a membrane between the right and left atria intermittent claudication intermittent claudication / intəmit(ə)nt in the heart klɔ di keiʃ(ə)n/ noun a condition of the arteries | intercalated intercalated /in t kəleitid/ adjective inserted causing severe pain in the legs which makes the | between other tissues person limp after having walked a short distance intercalated disc intercalated disc /in t kəleitid disk/ noun (NOTE: The symptoms increase with walking, | closely applied cell membranes at the end of adja- stop after a short rest and recur when the person cent cells in cardiac muscle, seen as transverse walks again.) lines intermittent fever intermittent fever / intəmit(ə)nt fi və/ noun intercellular intercellular / intə seljυlə/ adjective between fever which rises and falls regularly, as in malaria | the cells in tissue intermittent self-catheterisation intermittent self-catheterisation intercostal intercostal / intə kɒst(ə)l/ adjective between / intəmit(ə)nt self k θitərai zeiʃ(ə)n/ noun a | | the ribs í noun same as intercostal muscle procedure in which someone puts a catheter through the urethra into their own bladder from intercostal muscle intercostal muscle /intə kɒst(ə)l m s(ə)l/ | time to time to empty out the urine. Abbreviation noun one of the muscles between the ribs ISC COMMENT: The intercostal muscles expand internal internal /in t n(ə)l/ adjective inside the body and contract the thorax, so changing the | or a body part pressure in the thorax and making the per- son breathe in or out. There are three layers internal auditory meatus internal auditory meatus /in t n(ə)l | of intercostal muscle: external, internal and ɔ dit(ə)ri mi eitəs/ noun a channel which takes | innermost or intercostalis intimis. the auditory nerve through the temporal bone intercurrent disease intercurrent disease / intək rənt di zi z/, internal cardiac massage internal cardiac massage /in t n(ə)l | | intercurrent infection / intək rənt in fekʃən/ kɑ di k m sɑ / noun a method of making the | noun a disease or infection which affects some- heart start beating again by pressing on the heart one who has another disease itself interdigital interdigital / intə did it(ə)l/ adjective refer- internal carotid internal carotid /in t n(ə)l k rɒtid/ noun | | | ring to the space between the fingers or toes an artery in the neck, behind the external carotid, interdisciplinary interdisciplinary / intə disi plinəri/ adjec- which gives off the ophthalmic artery and ends by | | tive combining two or more different areas of dividing into the anterior and middle cerebral medical or scientific study arteries
Nursing.fm Page 152 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM internal derangement of the knee 152 parietal bones í noun same as interparietal internal derangement of the knee internal derangement of the knee /in | bone t n(ə)l di rein mənt əv ðə ni / noun a condi- | interparietal bone tion in which the knee cannot function properly interparietal bone / intəpə raiət(ə)l bəυn/ | because of a torn meniscus. Abbreviation IDK noun a triangular bone in the back of the skull, rarely present in humans internal ear internal ear /in t n(ə)l iə/ noun the part of | interphalangeal joint the ear inside the head, behind the eardrum, con- interphalangeal joint / intəfə l nd iəl | taining the semicircular canals, the vestibule and d ɔint/ noun a joint between the phalanges. the cochlea Also called IP joint internal haemorrhage interphase internal haemorrhage /in t n(ə)l interphase / intəfeiz/ noun a stage of a cell | hem(ə)rid / noun a haemorrhage which takes between divisions place inside the body interpubic joint interpubic joint / intəpju bik d ɔint/ noun a internal haemorrhoids internal haemorrhoids /in t n(ə)l piece of cartilage which joins the two sections of | hemərɔidz/ plural noun swollen veins inside the the pubic bone. Also called pubic symphysis anus intersex intersex / intəseks/ noun an organism that has internal iliac artery internal iliac artery /in t n(ə)l ili k both male and female characteristics | ɑ təri/ noun an artery which branches from the intersexuality intersexuality / intəsekʃu liti/ noun a con- | aorta in the abdomen and leads to the pelvis dition in which a baby has both male and female internal injury internal injury /in t n(ə)l ind əri/ noun characteristics, as in Klinefelter’s syndrome and | Turner’s syndrome damage to one of the internal organs interstice internal jugular interstice /in t stis/ noun a small space internal jugular /in t n(ə)l d jυlə/ noun | | between body parts or within a tissue the largest jugular vein in the neck, leading to the brachiocephalic veins interstitial interstitial / intə stiʃ(ə)l/ adjective referring to | internal nares tissue located in the spaces between parts of internal nares /in t n(ə)l neəri z/ plural | something, especially between the active tissues noun the two openings shaped like funnels lead- in an organ ing from the nasal cavity to the pharynx. Also called posterior nares interstitial cell interstitial cell / intə stiʃ(ə)l sel/ noun a tes- | internal oblique tosterone-producing cell between the tubules in internal oblique /in t n(ə)l ə bli k/ noun the | | the testes. Also called Leydig cell middle layer of muscle covering the abdomen, beneath the external oblique interstitial cell stimulating hormone interstitial cell stimulating hormone internal respiration / intə stiʃ(ə)l sel stimjυleitiŋ hɔ məυn/ internal respiration /in t n(ə)l respi | | | noun a hormone produced by the pituitary gland reiʃ(ə)n/ noun the part of respiration concerned which stimulates the formation of corpus luteum with the passage of oxygen from the blood to the in females and testosterone in males. Abbrevia- tissues, and the passage of carbon dioxide from tion ICSH. Also called luteinising hormone the tissues to the blood interstitial cystitis interstitial cystitis / intəstiʃ(ə)l si staitis/ International Committee of the Red Cross International Committee of the Red | noun a persistent nonbacterial condition in which Cross /intə n ʃ(ə)n(ə)l kə miti əv ðə red | | someone has bladder pain and wants to pass urine krɒs/ noun an international organisation which frequently. It is often associated with Hunner’s provides mainly emergency medical help, but ulcer. also relief to victims of earthquakes, floods and intertrigo other disasters, or to prisoners of war. Abbrevia- intertrigo / intə trai əυ/ noun an irritation | tion ICRC which occurs when two skin surfaces rub against each other, as in the armpit or between the but- International Council of Nurses International Council of Nurses tocks / intən ʃ(ə)n(ə)l kaυnsəl əv n siz/ noun an intertubercular plane organisation founded in 1899 which now repre- intertubercular plane / intətjυ b kjυlə | sents nurses in more than 120 countries. Its aims plein/ noun same as transtubercular plane are to bring nurses together, to advance nursing intervention intervention / intə venʃən/ noun a treatment | worldwide and to influence health policies. interventional radiology interventional radiology / intəvenʃən(ə)l Abbreviation ICN reidi ɒləd i/ noun the area of medicine which | international unit international unit / intən ʃ(ə)nəl ju nit/ uses X-rays, ultrasound and CAT to guide small noun an internationally agreed standard used in instruments into the body for procedures such as pharmacy as a measure of a substance such as a biopsies, draining fluids or widening narrow ves- drug or hormone. Abbreviation IU sels internodal internodal / intə nəυd(ə)l/ adjective between interventricular interventricular / intəven trikjυlə/ adjective | | two nodes between ventricles in the heart or brain interosseous interosseous / intər ɒsiəs/ adjective between interventricular foramen interventricular foramen / intəven trikjυlə | | bones fə reimən/ noun an opening in the brain between | interparietal interparietal / intəpə raiət(ə)l/ adjective the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle, | between parietal parts, especially between the through which the cerebrospinal fluid passes
Nursing.fm Page 153 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 153 intrauterine contraceptive device interventricular septum intracerebral haematoma intracerebral haematoma / intrə serəbrəl interventricular septum / intəven trikjυlə | | hi mə təυmə/ noun a blood clot inside a cere- septəm/ noun a membrane between the right | bral hemisphere and left ventricles in the heart intracranial intracranial / intrə kreiniəl/ adjective inside intervertebral intervertebral / intə v tibr(ə)l/ adjective | | the skull between vertebrae intracranial pressure intracranial pressure / intrəkreiniəl preʃə/ intervertebral disc intervertebral disc / intə v tibrəl disk/ | noun the pressure of the subarachnoidal fluid, noun a round plate of cartilage which separates which fills the space between the skull and the two vertebrae in the spinal column. See illustra- brain. Abbreviation ICP tion at CARTILAGINOUS JOINT in Supplement. intractable intractable /in tr ktəb(ə)l/ adjective not able Also called vertebral disc | to be controlled an operation to relieve intrac- intervertebral foramen intervertebral foramen / intə v tibrəl fə table pain | | reimən/ noun a space between two vertebrae intracutaneous intracutaneous / intrəkju teiniəs/ adjective | intestinal intestinal /in testin(ə)l/ adjective referring to inside layers of skin tissue | the intestine intracutaneous injection intracutaneous injection / intrəkju | intestinal anastomosis intestinal anastomosis /in testin(ə)l ə teiniəs in d ekʃən/ noun an injection of a liq- | | | n stə məυsis/ noun a surgical operation to join uid between the layers of skin, as for a test for an | one part of the intestine to another, after a section allergy has been removed intradermal test intradermal test / intrə d m(ə)l test/ noun | intestinal flora intestinal flora /in testin(ə)l flɔ rə/ plural a test requiring an injection into the thickness of | noun beneficial bacteria which are always present the skin, e.g. a Mantoux test or an allergy test in the intestine intradural intradural / intrə djυərəl/ adjective inside the | intestinal glands dura mater intestinal glands /in testin(ə)l l ndz/ plu- | intramedullary ral noun tubular glands found in the mucous intramedullary / intrəme d ləri/ adjective | membrane of the small and large intestine, espe- inside the bone marrow or spinal cord cially those between the bases of the villi in the intramural intramural / intrə mjυərəl/ adjective inside | small intestine. Also called Lieberkühn’s the wall of an organ glands, crypts of Lieberkühn intramuscular intramuscular / intrə m skjυlə/ adjective | intestinal obstruction intestinal obstruction /in testin(ə)l əb inside a muscle | | str kʃən/ noun a blocking of the intestine intramuscular injection intramuscular injection / intrə m skjυlə in | | intestinal villi d ekʃən/ noun an injection of liquid into a mus- intestinal villi /in testin(ə)l vilai/ plural noun | cle, e.g. for a slow release of a drug projections on the walls of the intestine which help in the digestion of food intranasal intranasal / intrə neiz(ə)l/ adjective inside or| into the nose intestinal wall intestinal wall /in testin(ə)l wɔ l/ noun the | intraocular intraocular / intrə ɒkjυlə/ adjective inside the layers of tissue which form the intestine | eye intestine intestine /in testin/ noun the part of the diges- | intraocular lens intraocular lens / intrə ɒkjυlə lenz/ noun an tive system between the stomach and the anus that | artificial lens implanted inside the eye. Abbrevia- digests and absorbs food. large intestine, tion IOL small intestine (NOTE: For other terms referring intraocular pressure intraocular pressure / intrə ɒkjυlə preʃə/ to the intestines, see words beginning with | entero-.) noun the pressure inside the eyeball (NOTE: If the pressure is too high, it causes glaucoma.) intima / intimə/ tunica intima intima intraoperative ultrasound intraoperative ultrasound / intrəɒpərətiv intolerance intolerance /in tɒlərəns/ noun the fact of | ltrəsaυnd/ noun high-resolution imaging used being unable to endure something such as pain or in surgery. Abbreviation IOUS to take a medicine without an adverse reaction intraorbital intraorbital / intrə ɔ bit(ə)l/ adjective within He developed an intolerance to penicillin. | the orbit of the eye intoxication intoxication /in tɒksi keiʃ(ə)n/ noun a condi- | | intraosseous intraosseous / intrə ɒsiəs/ adjective within a tion which results from the absorption and diffu- | bone sion in the body of a substance such as alcohol intrathecal intrathecal / intrə θi k(ə)l/ adjective inside a She was driving in a state of intoxication. | sheath, especially inside the intradural or sub- intra- intra- /intrə/ prefix inside arachnoid space intra-abdominal intra-abdominal / intrə b dɒmin(ə)l/ adjec- intratracheal intratracheal / intrətrə kiəl/ adjective within | | tive inside the abdomen the trachea. Also called endotracheal intra-articular intra-articular / intrə ɑ tikjυlə/ adjective intrauterine intrauterine / intrə ju tərain/ adjective inside | | inside a joint the uterus intracellular intrauterine contraceptive device intracellular / intrə seljυlə/ adjective inside a intrauterine contraceptive device / intrə | | ju tərain kɒntrə septiv di vais/, intrauterine cell | |
Nursing.fm Page 154 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM intravascular 154 device / intrəju tərain di vais/ noun a plastic himself or herself and his or her own mental state. | coil placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Compare extroversion Abbreviation IUCD, IUD introvert introvert / intrəv t/ noun a person who thinks intravascular intravascular / intrə v skjυlə/ adjective only about himself or herself and his or her own | mental state. Compare extrovert inside the blood vessels intubate intravenous intubate / intju beit/ verb to insert a tube into intravenous / intrə vi nəs/ adjective into a | any organ or part of the body. Also called cathe- vein. Abbreviation IV terise intravenous drip intravenous drip / intrəvi nəs drip/ noun a intubation intubation / intju beiʃ(ə)n/ noun the thera- thin tube that is inserted into a vein and is used to | peutic insertion of a tube into the larynx through very gradually give a person fluids, either for the glottis to allow the passage of air. Also called rehydration, feeding or medication purposes catheterisation intravenous feeding intravenous feeding / intrəvi nəs fi diŋ/ intumescence intumescence / intju mes(ə)ns/ noun the noun the procedure of giving someone liquid | swelling of an organ food by means of a tube inserted into a vein intussusception intussusception / intəsə sepʃən/ noun a intravenous injection intravenous injection / intrəvi nəs in | | condition in which part of the gastrointestinal d ekʃən/ noun an injection of liquid into a vein, tract becomes folded down inside the part beneath e.g. for the fast release of a drug it, causing an obstruction and strangulation of the intravenously intravenously / intrə vi nəsli/ adverb into a | folded part vein a fluid given intravenously inunction inunction /in ŋkʃən/ noun 1. the act of rub- intravenous pyelogram | intravenous pyelogram / intrəvi nəs bing an ointment into the skin so that the medi- paiələ r m/, intravenous urogram / intrə cine in it is absorbed 2. an ointment which is | vi nəs jυərə r m/ noun a series of X-ray pho- rubbed into the skin tographs of the kidneys using pyelography. invagination invagination /in v d i neiʃ(ə)n/ noun same Abbreviation IVP | | as intussusception intravenous pyelography intravenous pyelography / intrəvi nəs | invalid invalid / invəlid/ (dated ) noun someone who paiə lɒ rəfi/, intravenous urography / intrə | | has had an illness and has not fully recovered vi nəs jυ rɒ rəfi/ noun an X-ray examination of | from it or who has been permanently disabled í the urinary tract after opaque liquid has been adjective weak or disabled injected intravenously into the body and taken by invasion invasion /in vei (ə)n/ noun the entry of bacte- the blood into the kidneys | ria into a body, or the first attack of a disease intraventricular intraventricular / intrəven trikjυlə/ adjec- | invasive invasive /in veisiv/ adjective 1. referring to tive inside or placed into a ventricle in the heart or | cancer which tends to spread throughout the body the brain 2. referring to an inspection or treatment which intrinsic intrinsic /in trinsik/ adjective belonging to the | involves entering the body by making an incision. essential nature of an organism, or entirely within non-invasive an organ or part inverse care law inverse care law / inv s keə lə / noun the intrinsic factor intrinsic factor /in trinsik f ktə/ noun a | idea that the people who most need care and serv- protein produced in the gastric glands which ices are least likely or able to access them reacts with the extrinsic factor, and which, if lack- inversion inversion /in v ʃ(ə)n/ noun the fact of being ing, causes pernicious anaemia | turned towards the inside inversion of the foot intrinsic ligament intrinsic ligament /in trinsik li əmənt/ See illustration at ANATOMICAL TERMS in Supple- | noun a ligament which forms part of the capsule ment surrounding a joint investigative surgery investigative surgery /in vesti ətiv intrinsic muscle | intrinsic muscle /in trinsik m s(ə)l/ noun a s d əri/ noun surgery to investigate the cause | muscle lying completely inside the part or seg- of a condition ment, especially of a limb, which it moves in vitro in vitro / in vi trəυ/ adjective, adverb a Latin intro- intro- /intrəυ/ prefix inward phrase meaning ‘in a glass’, i.e. in a test tube or introitus introitus /in trəυitəs/ noun an opening into any similar container used in a laboratory | hollow organ or canal in vitro fertilisation in vitro fertilisation / in vi trəυ f təlai | introjection introjection / intrəυ d ekʃən/ noun a person’s zeiʃ(ə)n/ noun the fertilisation of an ovum in the | unconscious adoption of the attitudes or values of laboratory. test-tube baby. Abbreviation IVF another person whom he or she wants to impress in vivo in vivo adjective, adverb a Latin phrase meaning introspection introspection / intrə spekʃən/ noun a ‘in living tissue’, i.e. referring to an experiment | detailed and sometimes obsessive mental self- which takes place on the living body examination of feelings, thoughts and motives in vivo experiment in vivo experiment /in vi vəυ ik sperimənt/ | introversion introversion / intrə v ʃ(ə)n/ noun a condi- noun an experiment on a living body, e.g. that of | tion in which a person is excessively interested in an animal
Nursing.fm Page 155 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 155 irritable hip involucrum used in the treatment of conditions such as involucrum / invə lu krəm/ noun a covering | asthma, bronchitis and emphysema of new bone which forms over diseased bone ipsilateral ipsilateral / ipsi l tərəl/ adjective located on involuntary involuntary /in vɒlənt(ə)ri/ adjective done | | or affecting the same side of the body. Also called automatically, without any conscious thought or homolateral. Opposite contralateral decision-making being involved Patients are IQ IQ abbreviation intelligence quotient advised not to eat or drink, to reduce the risk of involuntary vomiting while on the operating IRDS IRDS abbreviation infant respiratory distress table. syndrome involuntary action involuntary action /in vɒlənt(ə)ri kʃən/ irid- irid- /irid/ prefix referring to the iris | noun an action which someone does without iridectomy iridectomy / iri dektəmi/ noun the surgical | thinking or making a conscious decision removal of part of the iris involuntary muscle involuntary muscle /in vɒlənt(ə)ri m s(ə)l/ iridocyclitis iridocyclitis / iridəυsi klaitis/ noun inflam- | | noun a muscle supplied by the autonomic nervous mation of the iris and the tissues which surround system, and therefore not under voluntary control, it e.g. the muscle which activates a vital organ such iridodialysis iridodialysis / iridəυdai ləsis/ noun the sep- as the heart | aration of the iris from its insertion involution involution / invə lu ʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the return of iridoplegia iridoplegia / iridəυ pli d ə/ noun paralysis of | | an organ to its usual size, e.g. the shrinking of the the iris uterus after childbirth 2. a period of decline of iridoptosis iridoptosis / iridəυ təυsis/ noun the pushing organs which sets in after middle age | forward of the iris through a wound in the cornea involutional involutional / invə lu ʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ adjective | iridotomy iridotomy / iri dɒtəmi/ noun a surgical inci- referring to involution | sion into the iris involutional melancholia involutional melancholia /invə lu ʃ(ə)n(ə)l | iris iris / airis/ noun a coloured ring in the eye, with melən kəυliə/ noun a depression which occurs | the pupil at its centre. See illustration at EYE in in people, mainly women, after middle age, prob- Supplement ably caused by a change of endocrine secretions COMMENT: The iris acts like the aperture in a iodine iodine / aiədi n/ noun a chemical element camera shutter, opening and closing to allow which is essential to the body, especially to the more or less light through the pupil into the functioning of the thyroid gland (NOTE: Lack of eye. iodine in the diet can cause goitre. The chemical iritis iritis /ai raitis/ noun inflammation of the iris symbol is I.) | iron iron / aiən/ noun 1. a chemical element essential IOL IOL abbreviation intraocular lens to the body, present in foods such as liver and eggs ion ion / aiən/ noun an atom that has an electric 2. a common grey metal (NOTE: The chemical charge (NOTE: Ions with a positive charge are symbol is Fe.) called cations and those with a negative charge iron-deficiency anaemia iron-deficiency anaemia / aiən di fiʃ(ə)nsi are called anions.) | ə ni miə/ noun anaemia caused by a lack of iron | ionise ionise / aiənaiz/, ionize verb to give an atom an in red blood cells electric charge iron lung iron lung / aiən l ŋ/ noun same as Drinker ioniser ioniser / aiənaizə/, ionizer noun a machine respirator that increases the amount of negative ions in the irradiation irradiation /i reidi eiʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the process | | atmosphere of a room, so counteracting the effect of spreading from a centre, as e.g., nerve impulses of positive ions do 2. the use of radiation to treat people or to kill iontophoresis iontophoresis /ai ɒntəυfə ri sis/ noun the bacteria in food | | movement of ions through a biological material irreducible hernia irreducible hernia /iri dju səb(ə)l h niə/ | when an electric current passes through it noun a hernia where the organ cannot be returned IOUS IOUS abbreviation intraoperative ultrasound to its usual position IPAV IPAV abbreviation intermittent positive airway irrigation irrigation / iri eiʃ(ə)n/ noun the washing out | ventilation. positive pressure ventilation of a cavity in the body ipecacuanha ipecacuanha / ipik kjυ nə/ noun a drug irritability irritability / iritə biliti/ noun the state of being | | made from the root of an American plant, used as irritable a treatment for coughs, and also as an emetic irritable irritable / iritəb(ə)l/ adjective 1. easily able to IP joint IP joint / ai pi d ɔint/ noun same as inter- become inflamed and painful 2. feeling annoyed phalangeal joint and impatient IPPV irritable bowel syndrome IPPV abbreviation intermittent positive pressure irritable bowel syndrome / iritəb(ə)l baυəl sindrəυm/ noun mucous colitis. Abbrevia- ventilation. positive pressure ventilation tion IBS ipratropium ipratropium / aiprə trəυpiəm/, ipratropium | irritable hip irritable hip / iritəb(ə)l hip/ noun a condition bromide / aiprə trəυpiəm brəυmaid/ noun a | drug which helps to relax muscles in the airways, of pain in the hip which is caused by swelling of
Nursing.fm Page 156 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM irritant 156 isolation the synovium. Treatment involves bed rest, trac- isolation / aisə leiʃ(ə)n/ noun the separation of | tion and anti-inflammatory drugs. a person, especially one with an infectious dis- irritant ease, from others irritant / irit(ə)nt/ noun a substance which can irritate isolation ward isolation ward / aisə leiʃ(ə)n wɔ d/ noun a | irritant dermatitis irritant dermatitis / irit(ə)nt d mə taitis/ special ward where people who have dangerous | noun same as contact dermatitis infectious diseases can be kept isolated from oth- ers irritate irritate / iriteit/ verb to cause a painful reaction isolator in part of the body, especially to make it inflamed isolator / aisəleitə/ noun 1. a large clear plastic Some types of wool can irritate the skin. bag in which a person can be nursed, or operated irritation on, in a sterile environment 2. a room or piece of irritation / iri teiʃ(ə)n/ noun a feeling of being | equipment which keeps people or substances sep- irritated an irritation caused by the ointment arated from others which may contaminate them ISC ISC abbreviation intermittent self-catheterisation an isolator stretcher an isolator cabinet isch- isch- /isk/ prefix too little isoleucine isoleucine / aisəυ lu si n/ noun an essential ischaemia ischaemia /i ski miə/ noun a deficient blood | | amino acid supply to a part of the body isometric isometric / aisəυ metrik/ adjective 1. involv- ischaemic ischaemic /i ski mik/ adjective lacking in | | ing equal measurement an isometric view of the blood system 2. referring to muscle contraction in which ischi- ischi- /iski/ prefix same as ischio- (used before tension occurs with very little shortening of mus- vowels) cle fibres 3. referring to exercises in which the ischia ischia / iskiə/ plural of ischium muscles are put under tension but not contracted ischial ischial / iskiəl/ adjective referring to the isometrics isometrics / aisəυ metriks/ plural noun exer- | ischium or hip joint cises to strengthen the muscles, in which the mus- ischial tuberosity ischial tuberosity / iskiəl tju bə rɒsiti/ cles contract but do not shorten | noun a lump of bone forming the ring of the isoprenaline isoprenaline / aisəυ prenəli n/, isoprotere- | ischium nol / aisəυprəυ terənɒl/ noun a drug that | ischio- ischio- /iskiəυ/ prefix referring to the ischium relieves asthma by widening the bronchial tubes ischiorectal ischiorectal / iskiəυ rekt(ə)l/ adjective refer- in the lungs | ring to both the ischium and the rectum isosorbide dinitrate isosorbide dinitrate / aisəυ sɔ baid dai | | ischiorectal abscess ischiorectal abscess / iskiəυ rekt(ə)l naitreit/ noun a compound which causes widen- | bses/ noun an abscess which forms in fat cells ing or relaxation of the blood vessels, used in the between the anus and the ischium treatment of angina pectoris ischiorectal fossa ischiorectal fossa / iskiəυ rekt(ə)l fɒsə/ isotonic isotonic / aisəυ tɒnik/ adjective referring to a | | noun a space on either side of the lower end of the solution, e.g. a saline drip, which has the same rectum and anal canal osmotic pressure as blood serum and which can ischium ischium / iskiəm/ noun the lower part of the hip therefore be passed directly into the body. Com- bone in the pelvis. See illustration at PELVIS in pare hypertonic, hypotonic Supplement (NOTE: The plural is ischia.) isotonic solution isotonic solution / aisəυtɒnik sə lu ʃ(ə)n/ | Ishihara colour charts Ishihara colour charts / iʃihɑ rə k lə noun a solution which has the same osmotic pres- tʃɑ ts/ plural noun charts used in a test for col- sure as blood serum, or as another liquid it is com- our vision in which numbers or letters are shown pared with in dots of primary colours with dots of other col- isotope isotope / aisətəυp/ noun a form of a chemical ours around them. People with normal colour element which has the same chemical properties vision can see them, but people who are colour- as other forms but a different atomic mass blind cannot. isotretinoin isotretinoin / aisəυtre tinɔin/ noun a drug islets of Langerhans | islets of Langerhans / ailəts əv l ŋəh ns/, used in the treatment of severe acne and several islands of Langerhans / ailəndz əv other skin diseases l ŋəh nz/, islet cells / ailət selz/ plural noun ispaghula ispaghula / ispə u lə/, ispaghula husk groups of cells in the pancreas which secrete the | / ispə u lə h sk/ noun a natural dietary fibre hormones glucagon, insulin and gastrin | used to treat constipation, diverticulitis and irrita- [Described 1869. After Paul Langerhans (1847– ble bowel syndrome 88), Professor of Pathological Anatomy at ISS ISS abbreviation injury scoring system Freiburg, Germany.] iso- iso- /aisəυ/ prefix equal isthmus isthmus / isməs/ noun a short narrow canal or isograft cavity isograft / aisəυ rɑ ft/ noun a graft of tissue from an identical twin. Also called syngraft itch itch /itʃ/ noun an irritated place on the skin which makes a person want to scratch í verb to isoimmunisation isoimmunisation / aisəυ imjunai zeiʃ(ə)n/, | | isoimmunization noun immunisation of a per- produce an irritating sensation, making someone son with antigens derived from another person want to scratch
Nursing.fm Page 157 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 157 IVU itching IUCD IUCD abbreviation intrauterine contraceptive itching / itʃiŋ/ noun same as pruritus device itchy itchy / itʃi/ adjective making a person want to IUD IUD abbreviation 1. intrauterine death 2. intrau- scratch The main symptom of the disease is an terine device itchy red rash. IV IV abbreviation intravenous -itis -itis /aitis/ suffix inflammation IVF IVF abbreviation in vitro fertilisation ITU ITU abbreviation intensive therapy unit IVP IVP abbreviation intravenous pyelogram IU IVU IU abbreviation international unit IVU abbreviation intravenous urography

CÓ THỂ BẠN MUỐN DOWNLOAD