Effects of settling time on the flocculation progress and treatment performance in the co-culture of microalgae-activated sludge photobioreactor

The application of microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems using wastewater as a source of nutrients has been successfully developed in recent years and has brought about positive results in wastewater treatment and microalgal biomass recovery while producing valuable products. This study presents the application of a microalgae and activated sludge (AS) co-culture in a low agitation photobioreactor (aPBR), which could reduce energy usage.