Esophageal perforation following pedicle screw placement for the treatment of upper thoracic spinal tuberculosis: A case report and review of the literature

The technique of posterior pedicle screw fixation has already been widely applied in the treatment of upper thoracic spinal tuberculosis. However, lesions of tuberculosis directly invade the vertebrae and surrounding soft tissues, which increases the risk of esophageal perforation induced by the posterior pedicle screw placement.