fundamentals_english_grammar_3rd_split_44

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Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com In formalEnglish,if the reportingverb (e.g., said) is in the past, the verb in the noun clause is often also in a past form, as in @) and (d). a m happy!' (d) R E P O ~Sue:said she was happy. D -Ann said, "I am hungry." In informal English,often the verb in the noun dause is not changedto a past form, especially when words (e) A: What did Ann just say? I didn't hear her. are reported swn after they are said, as in (e). B: She said she is hungry. ( f) A: What did Ann say when she got home last In later reporting, however, or in formal English,a night? past verb is commonly used, as in (f). B: She said she was hungry. (g) Ann says (that) she is hungry. If the reportingverb is present tense (e.g., says), no change is made in the noun dause verb. L QUOTED SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH formal or later reporting informal or immediate repomng He said, "Iwork hard!' He said he worked hard. He said he works hard. He said, "I a m working hard." He said he was working hard. He said he is working hard. He said, "I worked hard." He said he had worked hard. He said he worked hard. He said, "I h u e worked hard." He said he had worked hard. He said he has worked hard. He said, "Ia m going to work He said he was going to work He said he is going to work hard." hard. hard. He said, "Iwill work hard." He said he would work hard. He said he will work hard. He said, "Ican work hard." I He said he could work hard. He said he can work hard. 423 Noun Clauses
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