Grid-based prediction of torsion angle probabilities of protein backbone and its application to discrimination of protein intrinsic disorder regions and selection of model structures

Protein structure can be described by backbone torsion angles: rotational angles about the N-Cα bond (φ) and the Cα-C bond (ψ) or the angle between Cαi-1-Cαi -Cαi+1 (θ) and the rotational angle about the Cαi -Cαi+1 bond (τ). Thus, their accurate prediction is useful for structure prediction and model refinement.