Hà Nội phát triển nuôi trồng thủy sản gắn với bảo vệ môi trường

> I DIEN DAN I<br /> <br /> Ha Noi phat trien Nuoi<br /> trong thuy san qAn voi<br /> bao ve moi truong<br /> NCS.Nguyin Thi Quynh Anh<br /> Khoa Kinh te vd PTNT, Trudng DH Ndng Nghiep Hd Noi<br /> <br /> Su phat trien Nudi Nudi trong thuy s d n (NTTS) Id mdt hudng phdt trien<br /> trong thuy san o Ha<br /> kinh te c u a nhieu vung ndng thdn. O Hd Ndi, tuy dien<br /> Noi<br /> tich nudi trong thuy s d n nhd nhung hieu qud kinh te<br /> Dien tich nudi trong thuy san hidn<br /> nay cua thanh phd Ha Ndi khoang m a n g Igi rat ldn. S u phdt trien mgnh m e c u a NTTS d<br /> 17.400 ha. Mac du tidm nang NTTS Hd Ndi dd tdc ddng d e n mdi trUdng ngdy cdng nhieu.<br /> cua TP rat ldn nhung nang suat binh Bdo v e mdi trudng trong NTTS d Hd Ndi ciing nhu dinh<br /> quan mdi dat 4 - 5 tan/ha. Theo Chi<br /> hudng phdt trien v e qudn ly ngdnh nudi trdng thuy<br /> cue Thuy san thanh phd, cac huyen<br /> nhu Phu Xuyen, Ung Hda, My Diic, sdn trong tucfng lai d a n g trd thdnh vdn d e biic xiic,<br /> Thanh Oai, Thanh Tri, Chuong My, Ba can dugc tgp trung gidi quyet d e b d o ddm sU phdt<br /> Vi... ddu cdtidmnang ldn vd NTTS tap trien b e n viing.<br /> bung vdi tdng dien ti'ch khoang hon<br /> SO.OOOha. Tuy nhien, dientichdua vao<br /> nudi tha hien tai mdi dat khoang nam, du lugng kim loai...ddu dugc Dugc biet, ngoai xay dyng tiianh<br /> 17.000ha (dat 54,15%); nang suat binh kiem tta thudng xuyen. San pham cdng md hinh va thuang hieu cho<br /> quan dat 3 tan/ha/nam. thuy san dugc thu hoach, bao gdi dudi viing nudi thuy san tap tiung, an toan<br /> xa Ddng My, huyen Thanh Tri (Ha su giam sat cua can bd ky thuat Trung dich bdnh va an toan thye pham tai xa<br /> Ndi) dugc coi la viing NTTS ldn nhat tam thiiy san Ha Ndi va dugc ban tai Ddng My, Uidi gian tdi Ha Ndi cdn chu<br /> va quy md nhat Thu dd. Ngudn nude mdt sd ciia hang tai cac chgtiendia tigng phat tilen them nhieu viing nudi<br /> tai xa Ddng My la ngudn nude sdng ban Thu dd nhu: Chau Long, My Dinh tiongtiiuysan tap tiung tai cac huy6n<br /> Hong sach, khdng bi nhidm chat huu va Nghia Tan. Ba Vi, Chuxmg My, Ung Hda, Phii<br /> CO hay vang dau, khdng chua khi ddc, Cue Sd huu tri tue (Bd Khoa hgc va Xuyen, My Due, Thanh Tri... Thanh<br /> rat phu hgp de nudi ti'ong ttiuy san Cdng nghe) vua cap giay chiing nhan phd cung se ra soat, nang cap dien<br /> saeh. Trong qua tiinh xay dyng md theo tieu chuan sd huu tri tue cho tich ao ho nhd, khdng bj d nhidm<br /> hinh chan nudi thuy san an toan djch viing nudi Uiuy san an toan dich benh nguon nude de nudi cac ddi tugng<br /> benh tren dien ti'ch 24ha duge chgn va an toan ve sinh tiiyc pham tai xa tiiuy san tiuydn tiidng. Cdn cac con<br /> lam diem, cac can bd Chi cue Thuy Ddng My, huyen Thanh Tri (Ha Ndi). sdng, ho chiia se dugc dau tu dd nudi<br /> san Ha Ndi da hudng din, giam sat Theo dd, cac loai ca nhu ca chep, ca ca long be ket hgp vdi du lich sinh tiiai<br /> ngudi nudi thuc hien nghiem tuc theo rd phi, tdm cang xanh, ca tiam, ca de bao ve mditi^l^ng;chu trgng phat<br /> quytiinhquan lytiiychanh tdt hon va chim va ca vugc dugc nudi tai xa tiidn vide nudi mdt sd loaitiiilydac<br /> thuc hanh nudi trdng thuy san tdt ket Ddng My dugc cdng nhan la san san cd gia tii kinh te cao nhu: ca<br /> hgp tiieo ddi, kidm soat qua trinh nudi pham thuy san sach, dam bao an toan chinh, vugc, ba ba.. dd cung cap<br /> va chat lugng san pham d tung khau. dich benh va ve sinh an toan thuc ngudn Uiiiy san sach cho ngudi dan<br /> Tu didu kien nudi ban dau den ngudn Thudd<br /> pham, dugc gan ma sd, ma vach va<br /> tiiuc an cho thuy san, kidm tra mdi dugc tieu tiiu tai cac diem gidi tiiieu Theo Chi cue Thuy san Ha Ndi, 6<br /> trudng tai nguon nude cap va Uioat, va ban san pham cd gan Idgd cua tiiang dau nam 2010, dien ti'ch nudi<br /> cac ehl tieu vi khuan, ky sinhtiringva viing nudi tiiuy san Ddng My. r ti-dng tiiuy san d cac huyen ngoai<br /> <br /> <br /> 128 1 MIA QUAN LY o sd 86 - 9.2010<br /> tiianh chi dat 12,000ha, bang 86% so ca be ti-en sdng, nudi ca bao vi trong tiang tiai vung san xuat nudi tidng<br /> vdi cung ky nam 2009.Tuy nhien, san cac dam tiling ngap nude... cung vdi kinh te hg, bao ve mdi tiudng nudi<br /> lugng thiiy san lai tang dang ke, tiong lugng phu sa lan tmydn cd the gay d tiiiiy san tien sdng rach... nham giai<br /> 6 tiiang toan tiianh phd tiiu hoach nhidm mdi tiudng va dich benh thuy quyet van dd cap va thoat nude tiong<br /> dugc gan 28.000 tan tiiuy san, tang san phat sinh tiong mdi trudng nude. nudi tidng Uiuy san. Quan ly va xii ly<br /> hon 23% so vdi cung ky nam 2009. Ddi vdi nudi ca nude nggt, lugng chat thai nudi trdng tiiuy san, cac vat<br /> Rieng xa Ddng My (Thanh Tri, Ha Ndi) thai nhidu it cdn phu thude vao thiic tu hda chat, cac che pham hda hgc va<br /> san lugng 6 thang dau nam 2010 an dua vao chan nudi, thdng thudng sinh hgc su dung ti'ong cac md hinh<br /> chiem gan 10.000 tan tiiuy san. chi phi tiiuc an phai tii 1,5-2 kg tiiuc canh tac d cac vimg kinh te dap ring<br /> Vdi sy phat tiidn manh me cua an/1kg san pham, ngoai ra cdn lugng tieu chuan mdi tiudng va han chd<br /> NTTS Ha Ndi, thanh phd da dat ra muc tiiuc an du thua khdng tieu thu het dich benh nudi tidng Uiuy san lay<br /> tieu nam 2020, dien ti'ch mat nude lang xudng tao ra ngudn tiiai rat de nhidm de phat trien ben vung nudi<br /> NTTS cua tiianh phd Ha Ndi phan dau phan buy huu co gay d nhidm mdi tiongtiiuysan.<br /> dat 24.500ha, nang suat 7,1 trudng nguy co phat sinh va lay lan Ddi vdi nudi tidng tiiuy san nude<br /> tan/ha.Tdng kinh phi thuc hien dich benh. Cac ao nudi sau qua tiinh nggt can tap tiung quan ly chat lugng<br /> chuang hinh la 1.931,514 ty ddng, thu hoach san xuat thudng phai nao nude nudi tidng ttiuy san, quan ly cac<br /> trong dd ngan sach nha nude la vet bun can. Day la mdt ngudntiiairat md hinh phat tiidn nudi tidng gan lidn<br /> 1.052,060 ty dong. Gia tii tiiu nhap tii ldn cd tiie gay d nhidm mdi tixrcmg. vdi nhiem vy bao ve mdi tiudng. Ung<br /> Uiily san la 5.400 ty ddng, cung cap dung cac md hinh cdng nghe xu ly<br /> 175.000 tan ca tuoi cho Uianh phd mdi Cac giai phap bao ve chat thai nudi tiong thuy san Uilch hgp<br /> nam. Tang Uiu nhap cho ngudi nudi moi truong nuoc nhu: xu ly chat thai bun thai, xii ly khu<br /> len 80 - 90 tiieu ddng/ha/nam. Ong Nguydn Nggc Sinh - Chu Uch tiung nude tiiai trudc luc thai ra... dap<br /> Hdi Bao ve Thien nhien va Mdi tiudng ling tieu chuan mdi tiudng. Tap tiung<br /> Tac dong cua nuoi Viet Nam cho rang: "Mudn bao ve mdi xir ly chat tiiai tiiet dd d cac md hinh<br /> trong thuy san toi moi trudng tiong nudi tidng thuy san flii nudi Uiam canh, nudi cdng nghiep,<br /> trudng tmdc het doanh nghiep va ngudi nudi nudi ca be tien sdng rach, quan ly<br /> Ben canh sy phat tiidn ngay mdt tidng Uiuy san can nhan Uiuc day du chat che dich hai tdng hgp tiong nudi<br /> ldn he tiidng NTTS Ha Ndi ttii mdi van dd nay, cd nhu vay mdi dem lai tidngtiiiiysan.<br /> hudng cung bi anh hudng khdng nhd. bleu qua cao va bdn vung. Lam dugc Van dd thuy Igi cho nuditiongtiiuy<br /> Mdi trudng nude d Ha Ndi cd dau hieu didu nay, can sy giup dd, hd tig cua san nude nggt la van de eye ky quan<br /> d nhidm huu co, cac vi sinh tiong chinh quydn cac cap, cac co quan tigng dd bao dam phat tridn bdn viing<br /> nude Conforms, do due, amoniac chuyen mdn, cac chuyen gia, cac nha nghd nudi tidng tiiiiy san d Ha Ndi.<br /> tiong nude... anh hudng ddn chat khoa hgc... vd gidng, ky ttiuat nudi Nha nude can quan tam nhidu hon<br /> lugng mdi trudng nude, dac biet la tidng, khoa hgc cdng nghe... de kip den viec dau tu dap ring cac yeu cau<br /> nude dCing cho nhu cau cap nude. thdi tiang bi cho doanh nghiep va cap nude cho nudi tidng, Uioat nude<br /> Mdt sd ket qua nghien ciiu cho ngudi nudi tiong thuy san nhiing kien va lam sach nude sau qua trinh nudi<br /> tiiay: Chi cd 17%ti-gnglugng khd cila Uiuc, 1^ nang vd nudi tidng, che bien dd bao ve mdi tiudng tiong toan khu<br /> Uiiic an cung cap cho ao nudi dugc tiiuy san sach, ngay cang Uian tiiien dugc quy hoach nuditi-ongthuy san.<br /> chuyen thanh sinh khdi, phan cdn lai mdi trudng". Tang cudng giam sat chat lugng<br /> dugc tiiai ra mdi tiudng dudi dang Be giai quyet van de mdi tiudng mdi trudng nude de du bao didn bidn<br /> phan va chat hiru co du tiiua tiidi nia cua Ha Ndi thi ngay tiong quy hoach mdi tiudng cung nhu djch benh cd<br /> vao mdi trudng. Ddi vdi cac ao nudi phat tiidn nudi tiong Uiuy san Ha Ndi tiid phat sinh. Tu dd, cd cac giai phap<br /> cdng nghiep chat tiiai tiong ao cd the va cac quy hoach cua cacti'nh,thanh xu ly kiptiidikhi cd sy cd xay ra. Quan<br /> chiia den tien 45% nitiogen va 22% la can nhanh chdng tap tiung quy hoach ly chat che ngudn vat tu hda chat cung<br /> cac chat huu co khac. Cac loai chat mdi tiudng vung va cac ke hoach bao ring tien thi trudng phuc vu cho nudi<br /> thai chiia nito va phdtpho d ham ve mdi tiudng cu Uid tiong phan viing tidng thuy san tiieo quy djnh cua nha<br /> lugng cao gay nen hien tugng phu quy hoach. Tap tiung quan tam den nude. Quan ly chat lugng san pham<br /> dudng mdi trudng nude phat sinh tao bao ve mdi tiirdng tiong nudi tidng nudi tidng cung ring cho thj tiudng<br /> ddc trong mdi tiudng nudi tidng thuy thuy san nude ngot, bao ve mdi trudng chd bien san pham dap ring tieu<br /> san. Dac biet, ngudn chat tiiai nay lan nudi tidng tiiuy san nude man ven chuan an toan ve sinh thuc pham.<br /> tiuyen rat nhanh ddi vdi hetiidngnudi bien, bao ve mdi tiudng tiong cac NQL<br /> <br /> <br /> 9.2010 * SO 86 I 2P<br />