HTML & CSS: The Complete Reference- P18

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826 HTML & CSS: The Complete Reference ping attribute overview of, 484 (anchor) element, 160 ::selection, 485–486 (Image Map Area) element, 173 pubdate attribute, (time) element, 409 placeholder attribute punctuation, character entities for, 741–742 (input form control) element, 284 (multiline text input) element, 398 Q (plain text) element, 347–348 query strings, in URLs, 790 playback controls, for video, 78–79 quirks mode, browser rendering modes, 39 pluginspage attribute, (embedded object) (quote) element, 351–353 element, 241 quotes property, CSS, 597 point-size attribute, (font definition) element, 247 ports, specifying in URLs, 790 R rad units, CSS3, 621 position property, CSS, 596–597 :read-only selector, CSS3, 620 poster attribute, (video) element, 422 :read-write selector, CSS3, 620 practices, vs. standards, 46–47 readonly attribute (preformatted text) element, 348–350 (input form control) element, 284 presentation (multiline text input) element, 398 CSS as alternative to presentational HTML, rectangle methods, canvas element, 204 429–430 redesign, CSS and, 519 value of CSS for, 516–517 rel attribute presentation elements, removed from (anchor) element, 160 HTML5, 63–64 (Image Map Area) element, 173 presentation levels module, CSS3, 615 (link to external files or set printers, printer-specific CSS styles, 463–464 relationships) element, 304–310 profile attribute, (document head) relative URLs attributes, 261 tag and, 795–796 programming languages, 47 overview of, 795 progress element, web application features required attribute supported in HTML5, 109 (input form control) element, 284 (progress indicator) element, 350–351 (multiline text input) prompt attribute, (index prompt) element, 398 attributes, 290 validation and, 104–105 properties, CSS :required selector, CSS3, 620 aural style properties, 607–612 resize property, CSS3 browser-specific color-related, 776 features, 695–696 CSS1 and CSS2.1, 542 resolution, CSS3 media query values, 628 handling illegal or unknown property values, rev attribute 446–447 (anchor) element and, 160 handling unknown, 445 (link to external files or set overview of, 500–502 relationships) element, 310 protocols, for negotiating resource-specific services, reversed attribute, (ordered list) element, 337 788–789 RGB color, browser-safe color and, 779–781 pseudo-class selectors, CSS RGBa color, CSS3, 623 activity-related, 490–491 right property, CSS, 598 document tree, 492–496 rightmargin attribute, (document body) inline styles and, 460 element, 192 interface state, 491–492 root directory, Web sites, 786 language, 497 :root selector, CSS3, 619 link-related, 489–490 rotate (angle) function, rotating drawings in negation, 497 HTML5, 94 overview of, 487 rows attribute summary of, 498–500 (frameset definition) element, 256 pseudo-element selectors, CSS, 484–488 (multiline text input) element, 398 :before and :after, 485–486 rows, (table row) element, 411–414 :first-letter and :first-line, 484–485 rowspan attribute inline styles and, 460 (table data) element, 395 list of, 488 (table footer) element, 404
Index 827 (Ruby parentheses) element, 353–355 scrollbar-shadow-color property, CSS3 browser- (Ruby text) element, 355–357 specific features, 702 ruby-align property, CSS3 browser-specific features, scrollbar-track-color property, CSS3 browser-specific 696–697 features, 703 Ruby elements scrolldelay attribute, (marquee display) (Ruby parentheses) element, 353–355 element, 317 (Ruby text) element, 355–357 scrolling attribute (Ruby annotation) element, 357–359 (window region) element, 254 Ruby module, CSS3, 615 (inline frame) element, 273 ruby-overhang property, CSS3 browser-specific seamless attribute, (inline frame) features, 697 element, 273 ruby-position property, CSS3 browser-specific (section) element, 69–70, 365–366 features, 698 security attribute (Ruby annotation) element, 357–359 (window region) element, 254 rules attribute, (table) element, 388 (inline frame) element, 273 rules, CSS, 432–433 (selection list) element, 366–369 handling malformed, 445–446 selected attribute, (option in selection list) overview of, 521, 523–524 element, 341 ::selection, CSS pseudo-element selectors, 485–486 ::selection selector, CSS3, 619 S selectors, CSS, 533–538 activity-related pseudo-classes, 490–491 (strikethrough) element, 359–360 s units, CSS3, 621 adjacent sibling selectors, 478 (sample text) element, 360–362 attribute selectors, 479–483 sandbox attribute, (inline frame) element, class rules, 473–476 111, 273 contextual selection, 476–478 scale (x,y) function, scaling drawings in direct descendent selector, 478 HTML5, 93–94 document tree pseudo-classes, 492–496 scan, CSS3 media query values, 628 element selectors, 471 scheme attribute, (meta-information) general sibling selectors, 479 element, 321 id selectors, 471–473 scope attribute interface state pseudo-classes, 491–492 (table data) element, 395 language pseudo class, 497 (table footer) element, 405 link-related pseudo-classes, 489–490 scoped attribute, (style information) list of, 533–538 element, 380 list of core, 480 (scripting) element negation pseudo class, 497 elements allowed within head element, 25–26 overview of, 470, 533 overview of, 362–365 page and media selectors, 538–539 scripts, (no script support content) pseudo-class selectors, 487, 498–500 element, 330–331 pseudo-element selectors, 484–488 scroll attribute selectors module, CSS3, 615 (document body) element, 192 semantics, in HTML5 (HTML document) element, 268 indicating time and dates (time), 76 scrollamount attribute, (marquee inserting figures (fig), 76–77 display) element, 317 marking text in (mark), 75–76 scrollbar-3dlight-color property, CSS3 browser- for separating style from structure, 75 specific features, 698–699 specifying navigation (nav), 77 scrollbar-arrow-color property, CSS3 browser- server addresses, in URLs, 784–786 specific features, 699 SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) scrollbar-base-color property, CSS3 browser-specific content exclusion and inclusion, 804 features, 699–700 HTML dialects defined using, 801 scrollbar-darkshadow-color property, CSS3 browser- keywords, 805 specific features, 700–701 markup languages defined with, 17 scrollbar-face-color property, CSS3 browser-specific overview of, 16 features, 701 shadow properties, canvas element, 203 scrollbar-highlight-color property, CSS3 browser- shape attribute specific features, 701–702 (anchor) element, 160 (Image Map Area) element, 174
828 HTML & CSS: The Complete Reference shapes, drawing and styling in HTML5, 85–88 standards sibling selectors, CSS HTML/XHTML, 14 adjacent sibling selectors, 478 vs. practices, 46–47 general sibling selectors, 479 variability and, 518 size attribute web standards, 16–17 (base font) element, 183 standards compliance mode (font definition) element, 247 browser rendering modes, 39 (horizontal rule) element, 261 HTML5 and, 58 (input form control) element, 284 limitations of, 48 (selection list) element, 368 standby attribute, (embedded object) (extra space) element, 373 element, 334 size property, CSS3 browser-specific features, start attribute 703–704 (inflow layer) element, 278 size relationships, CSS-HTML, 608–611 (ordered list) element, 337 sizes attribute, (link to external files or set state preservation methods, canvas element, 200 relationships) element, 310 step attribute, (input form control) sizes keyword, 529 element, 284 (small text) element, 369–371 (strikeout text) element, 376–377 sound, (background sound) element, strings, CSS, 529–530 185–186 stroke methods, canvas element and, 85–86 (source) element, 371–373 (strong emphasis) element, 28, 377–379 (extra space) element, 373–374 structure, separating structure and style in spacing modifiers, character entities for, 741 CSS, 514–515 span attribute style attribute, core element attributes, 137 (table column) element, 216 style, separating structure and style in CSS, 514–515 (table column group) style sheets element, 218 alternative, 464–465 (text span) element comparing style sheet approaches, 453 overview of, 374–376, 507–508 defining media types for, 462–463 using with document tree pseudo classes, embedding, 456–458 494–496 importing, 458–459 special characters. See also character entities linking to, 452–456 encoding in URLs, 790–791 using for presentation, 516–517 entities used for, 44 (style information) element escape codes, 29 embedding style sheets, 456–458 in filenames, 787 embedding styles in document head in HTML5, 60 element, 526 speech module, CSS3, 616 importing style sheets, 458–459, 526–527 spell checking (spellcheck attribute), in browsers, other elements allowed within head 115–116 element, 25–26 spellcheck attribute, common HTML5 element overview of, 379–381 attributes reference, 146 (subscript) element, 381–383 spin boxes, 103 summary attribute, (table) element, 388 src attribute (superscript) element, 383–385 (Java applet) element, 171 symbols (Image Map Area) element, 178 character entities for letter-like symbols, 744–745 (background sound) character entities for miscellaneous element, 186 symbols, 748 (embedded object) element, 241 character entities for technical symbols, 747 (window region) element, 254 syntax, CSS, 432–438, 521, 523–524 (inline frame) element, 273 syntax, HTML5 (inflow layer) element, 275, 278 loose syntax, 58–60 (input form control) element, 284 overview of, 55–58 (positioned layer) element, 297 syntax, traditional HTML/XHTML, 3–6 (scripting) element, 363 (source) element, 372 (video) element, 422 T (XML data island) element, 424 tabindex attribute Standard Generalized Markup Language. See SGML common element attributes reference, 142 (Standard Generalized Markup Language) common HTML5 element attributes reference, 146
Index 829 (input form control) element, 284–285 text attribute, (document body) element, 192 (selection list) element, 368–369 text-autospace property, CSS3 browser-specific table-layout property, CSS, 598–599 features, 704–705 (table) element, 385–389 text-decoration property, CSS, 599–600 tables text editors, for viewing markup locally, 8–10 (table caption) element, 208–210 text-fill-color property, CSS3 browser-specific (table column) element, 214–216 features, 705 (table) element, 385–389 text-indent property, CSS, 600 (table body) element, 389–392 text-justify property, CSS3 browser-specific features, (table data) element, 392–396 705–706 (table footer) element, 399–402 text-kashida-space property, CSS3 browser-specific (table header) element, 402–405 features, 706–707 (table header) element, 405–408 text-overflow property, CSS3 browser-specific (table row) element, 411–414 features, 707 tags text-rendering property, CSS3 browser-specific not using invented, 60 features, 708 rules regarding closing tags in HTML/ text-shadow property, CSS3 browser-specific XHTML, 43 features, 708–710 in tradition HTML/XHTML, 4 text-stroke-color property, CSS3 browser-specific target attribute features, 710–711 (anchor) element and, 163 text-stroke-width property, CSS3 browser-specific (Image Map Area) element, 174 features, 711 (base URL) element, 182 text-transform property, CSS, 600–601 (form for user input) element, 251–252 text-underline-position property, CSS3 browser- (link to external files or set specific features, 711–712 relationships) element, 311 (multiline text input) element, 396–399 :target selector, CSS3, 619 (table footer) element, 399–402 (table body) element, 389–392 (table header) element, 402–405 (table data) element, 392–396 (table header) element, 405–408 technical symbols, character entities for, 747 (time) element, 76, 408–410 television channels, URL form of, 794 title attribute, core element attributes, 138 telnet, 789 (document title) element, 7, 23–24, 410–411 template layout module, CSS3, 616 top attribute text (inflow layer) element, 275 (blinking text) element, 187–188 (positioned layer) element, 297 canvas API methods and properties, 206 Top-Level domains, 784–786 CSS3 modules, 616 top property, CSS, 601–602 (deleted text) element, 224–227 topmargin attribute, (document body) (inserted text) element, 287–289 element, 192 keywords, 529 (table row) element, 411–414 (marked text) element, 75–76, 314–315 transform-origin property, CSS3 browser-specific marking in HTML5, 75–76 features, 715 (multiple column text) element, transform property, CSS3 browser-specific features, 325–326 712–714 (paragraph) element, 343–345 transform-style property, CSS3 browser-specific (plain text) element, 347–348 features, 716–717 (preformatted text) element, 348–350 transformation methods, canvas element, 200 (Ruby text) element, 355–357 transforms, in HTML5, 95–96 (sample text) element, 360–362 transition-delay property, CSS3 browser-specific (small text) element, 369–371 features, 717–718 (text span) element, 374–376, 494–496, transition-duration property, CSS3 browser-specific 507–508 features, 718–719 (strikeout text) element, 376–377 transition property, CSS3 browser-specific support in canvas element, 98–100 features, 717 (multiline text input) element, transition-property property, CSS3 browser-specific 396–399 features, 719 (teletype text) element, 414–415 transition-timing-function property, CSS3 browser- text-align-last property, CSS3 browser-specific specific features, 719–720 features, 704 transitions, filter property and, 668–669 text-align property, CSS, 599 transitions module, CSS3, 616
830 HTML & CSS: The Complete Reference translate (x,y) function, translating drawings in other addressing schemes, 798–799 HTML5, 93–97 overview of, 783 transparent keyword, CSS3 color units, 623 ports, 790 truespeed attribute, (marquee display) protocols, 788–789 element, 317 query strings, 790 (teletype text) element, 414–415 relative URLs, 795–796 type attribute server addresses, 784–786 (anchor) element and, 163 usernames and passwords, 789 (Image Map Area) element, 174 urn attribute, (anchor) element, 163 (button) element, 197 URNs (uniform resource names), 799 (embedded object) element, 241 usemap attribute (input form control) element, 285 (inflow layer) element, 279 (list item) element, 302 (input form control) element, 285 (link to external files or set (embedded object) element, 334 relationships) element, 311 user input, forms for, 249–252 (menu list or command menu) user interface module, CSS3, 616 element, 319 user interface (UI), CSS, 777 (embedded object) element, 334 user-select property, CSS3 browser-specific features, (ordered list) element, 337 720–721 (object parameter) element, 346 usernames, in URLs, 789 (scripting) element, 364 users, CSS styles, 466–467 (source) element, 372 UTF-8 character set, 25 (extra space) element, 373 (style information) element, 380 (unordered list) attributes, 418 V :valid selector, CSS3, 620 validation U CSS, 447–450 (underline) element, 415–417 of data entry on forms, 104–105 UI (user interface), CSS, 777 of DTD rules, 37–39 (unordered list) element, 28, 417–419 of web sites, 62 unclosed structures, handling in CSS, 446 valign attribute Unicode, 748–749 (table caption) element, 209 unicode-bidi property, CSS, 602 (table column) element, 216 uniform resource characteristics (URCs), 799 (table column group) element, 218 Uniform Resource Identifiers. See URIs (Uniform (table body) element, 391 Resource Identifiers) (table data) element, 395 uniform resource locators. See URLs (uniform (table footer) element, 401, 405 resource locators) (table header) element, 407 uniform resource names (URNs), 799 (table row) element, 414 units attribute, (embedded object) value attribute element, 241 (button) element, 197 units of measurement, CSS, 502–505, 527–528 HTML5 form fields, 105–106 unordered lists, 28, 417–419 (input form control) element, 285 URCs (uniform resource characteristics), 799 (list item) element, 302 URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers) (scalar gauge) element, 324 statement specifying, 18 (option in selection list) element, 341 data URIs, 791–794 (object parameter) element, 346 overview of, 799 values and units module, CSS3, 616 URLs (uniform resource locators), 783–799 values, CSS, 502–505 (base URL) element, 181–182 valuetype attribute, (object parameter) basics of locating objects on Internet, 783–784 element, 346 challenges in use of, 796–798 (variable) element, 419–421 data URIs, 791–794 Vector Markup Language (VML), 82 directories, 786–787 version attribute, (HTML document) emerging forms of, 794 element, 268 encoding, 790–791 version history filenames, 787–788 CSS, 440–442, 522 fragment identifiers, 788 HTML/XHTML, 14–16
Index 831 vertical-align property, CSS, 602–603 viewing with Web server, 10–14 VGA display, 779 XML style using XHTML, 49–52 vh units, CSS3, 621 Web site directories, 786–787 (video) element, 78–80, 421–423 weight attribute, (font definition) element, 247 visibility attribute WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology (inflow layer) element, 275 Working Group), 101 (positioned layer) element, 297 white space characters, HTML/XHTML visibility property, CSS, 603–604 sensitivity to, 42 vlink attribute, (document body) element, 192 white-space property, CSS, 512–513, 604 vm units, CSS3, 621 width attribute VML (Vector Markup Language), 82 canvas element and, 83 volume attribute, (background sound) (table column) element, 216 element, 186 (table column group) element, 218 vspace attribute (horizontal rule) element, 261 (embedded object) element, 241 (inflow layer) element, 275 (input form control) element, 285 (input form control) element, 286 (embedded object) element, 334 width attribute (table) element, 388 (positioned layer) element, 297 vw units, CSS3, 621 (multiple column text) element, 325 width attribute (preformatted text) attributes, 349 W (extra space) element, 373 W3C Markup Validation Service, 37–38, 57 (table) element, 388 W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) (table data) element, 395 addressing area of, 794 (table footer) element, 405 core events, 147 width, CSS3 media query values, 628 CSS validator, 447 width property, CSS, 605–606 online references for DTDs, 807 windows property, CSS, 604–605 web standards, 16 word-break property, CSS3 browser-specific XHTML standard, 49 features, 721 WAV files, audio support in HTML5, 80 word-spacing property, CSS, 606 (word break) element, 423 word-wrap property, CSS3 browser-specific web applications, support in HTML5 features, 722 command element, 108 work break, (word break) element, 423 content editing (contenteditable attribute) in World Wide Web Consortium. See W3C (World Wide browsers, 114–115 Web Consortium) details element, 109–110 wrap attribute drag and drop functionality (draggable (preformatted text) element, 349 attribute) added to browsers, 112–114 (multiline text input) element, future of frames, 110–112 398–399 menu element repurposed, 106–108 writing-mode property, CSS3 browser-specific meter and progress elements, 109 features, 722–723 output element, 110 WYSIWYG, 47 overview of, 106 spell checking (spellcheck attribute) in browsers, 115–116 X Web browsers. See browsers x coordinates, canvas element and, 83 web fonts module, CSS3, 616 (X)HTML. See also HTML 4; HTML5 Web Hypertext Application Technology Working applying styles to documents, 452 Group (WHATWG), 101 (document body) element, 28–31 web markup browsers and, 28–31 with HTML5, 62–63 browsers ignoring unknown elements and madness, 62 attributes, 44–45 XML style using XHTML, 49–52 case sensitivity, 41–42 Web pages character entities, 731–741 care in use of nonstandard color on, 771 common element attributes reference, 139–142 CSS and ease of download, 518–519 common HTML5 element attributes reference, handling page layout, 47 142–146 viewing markup locally, 8–10 content models and, 43
832 HTML & CSS: The Complete Reference (X)HTML. See also HTML 4; HTML5 (Continued) quotes used with attributes, 44 core attributes reference, 135–138 standards vs. practices, 46–47 CSS and, 506 structures moved to CSS, 443 CSS as alternative to pesentational HTML, (document title) element, 23–24 429–430 use of closing tags, 43 CSS-HTML size relationships, 608–611 validation of DTD rules, 37–39 div and span elements, 507–508 version history, 14–16 statement used to begin white space characters and, 42 documents, 18–19 XML web page markup style with doctype switch and browser rendering XHTML, 49–52 modes, 39–41 xmins attribute, (HTML document) document structure, 20–23 element, 268 DTDs (document type definitions), 16–18 XML embedded styles, 456–458, 526 keywords, 805 entities used for special characters, 44 markup languages defined with, 17 event attributes reference, 146–154 using with HTML5, 60–61 flavors of, 133–135 web page markup style, 49–52 future of, 48 XHTML dialects defined using, 801 head element, 23 (XML data island) element, 424–425 hello world example, 6–8 xml:space attribute vs. HTML in future, 47–48 (preformatted text) element, 349 imported styles, 459–459, 526–527 (scripting) element, 364 language attributes reference, 138 (style information) element, 380 linked styles, 452–456, 524–526 (example) element, 425–426 logical and physical markup, 45–46 markup syntax in, 3–6 tags for specifying content type, Y character set, and other information, 24–25 y coordinates, canvas element and, 83 methods for including CSS styles in, 524 minimizing unused elements, 43 myths and misconceptions, 47–49 Z z-index attribute nesting elements, 43–44 (inflow layer) element, 275 other elements allowed within head (positioned layer) element, 297 element, 25–26 z-index property, CSS, 607 overview of, 41 zoom property, CSS3 browser-specific features, 724 presentational, 429–430

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