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Hướng dẫn sử dụng MCNP cho hệ điều hành Windows
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Nhóm NMTP<br />
(Tài liệu lưu hành nội bộ)<br />
<br />
Hướng dẫn sử dụng MCNP cho hệ điều<br />
hành Windows<br />
<br />
Đặng Nguyên Phương (tổng hợp)<br />
<br />
TP. Hồ Chí Minh − 10/2013<br />
<br />
Mục lục<br />
Lời nói đầu<br />
<br />
5<br />
<br />
1 Giới thiệu về MCNP<br />
1.1 Chương trình MCNP . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
1.2 Lịch sử của chương trình MCNP . . . . . .<br />
1.2.1 Phương pháp Monte Carlo . . . . .<br />
1.2.2 Chương trình MCNP . . . . . . . .<br />
1.3 Dữ liệu hạt nhân và phản ứng của MCNP<br />
1.3.1 Các thư viện dữ liệu được sử dụng<br />
1.3.2 Các bảng số liệu . . . . . . . . . .<br />
1.4 Cấu trúc của MCNP . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
1.5 Cách thức mô phỏng vận chuyển hạt . . .<br />
1.6 MCNPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
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2 Cách cài đặt và thực thi MCNP<br />
2.1 Cách thức cài đặt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
2.2 Cách thực thi chương trình MCNP . . . . . . . .<br />
2.2.1 Sử dụng Visual Editor . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
2.2.2 Sử dụng câu lệnh trong Command Prompt<br />
3 Cấu trúc input file của MCNP<br />
3.1 Cấu trúc của input file . . . . . . . .<br />
3.1.1 Initiate-run . . . . . . . . . .<br />
3.1.2 Continue-run . . . . . . . . .<br />
3.2 Ví dụ cấu trúc input file . . . . . . .<br />
3.3 Một số lưu ý khi xây dựng input file<br />
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4 Định nghĩa hình học<br />
4.1 Surface Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
4.1.1 Các mặt được định nghĩa bởi phương trình<br />
4.1.2 Macrobody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
4.2 Chuyển trục tọa độ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
4.2.1 Coordinate Transformation Card (TRn) .<br />
4.3 Cell Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
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MỤC LỤC<br />
4.4<br />
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4.5<br />
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4.6<br />
4.7<br />
<br />
Đặng Nguyên Phương<br />
<br />
Một số card định nghĩa tính chất của cell<br />
4.4.1 Material Cards . . . . . . . . . .<br />
4.4.2 Cell Volume Card (VOL) . . . . .<br />
4.4.3 Surface Area Card (AREA) . . .<br />
Lattice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
4.5.1 Universe & Fill Card (U & FILL)<br />
4.5.2 Lattice Card (LAT) . . . . . . . .<br />
Một số ví dụ khai báo hình học . . . . .<br />
Bài tập . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
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5 Định nghĩa nguồn<br />
5.1 Mode Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.2 Các kiểu định nghĩa nguồn . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.3 Nguồn tổng quát . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.3.1 Định nghĩa . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.3.2 Ví dụ định nghĩa nguồn tổng quát .<br />
5.3.3 Nguồn mặt . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.4 Nguồn tới hạn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.5 Card ngừng chương trình . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.5.1 NPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.5.2 CTME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
5.6 Bài tập . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6 Định nghĩa tally<br />
6.1 Các loại tally . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.2 Tally F1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.3 Tally F2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.4 Tally F4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.5 Tally F5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.6 Tally F6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.7 Tally F7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.8 Tally F8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.9 Các card dùng cho khai báo tally<br />
6.10 FMESHn . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
6.11 Lattice Tally Card . . . . . . . .<br />
6.12 Bài tập . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
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7 Kĩ thuật giảm phương sai<br />
61<br />
7.1 Mô phỏng không tương tự (non-analog) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61<br />
7.2 Các kĩ thuật giảm phương sai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61<br />
2<br />
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MỤC LỤC<br />
<br />
7.3<br />
7.4<br />
7.5<br />
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7.6<br />
7.7<br />
7.8<br />
7.9<br />
7.10<br />
7.11<br />
7.12<br />
7.13<br />
<br />
Đặng Nguyên Phương<br />
<br />
Geometry splitting and Russian roulette . .<br />
Energy splitting/roulette . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Weight cutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
7.5.1 Cutoff Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
7.5.2 ELPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Weight windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Exponential transform . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Physics Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Forced collisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Bremsstrahlung biasing . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
Neutron-induced photon production biasing<br />
Correlated sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
DXTRAN spheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
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8 Cách đọc ouput file của MCNP<br />
8.1 Các bảng thông tin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
8.2 Độ chính xác của kết quả và các nhân tố ảnh hưởng<br />
8.3 Đánh giá thống kê . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
8.3.1 Sai số tương đối . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
8.3.2 Figure of Merit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
8.3.3 Variance of Variance . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
8.3.4 Probability Density Function . . . . . . . .<br />
8.4 Các kiểm định thống kê . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
9 Sử dụng chương trình Visual Editor<br />
9.1 Giới thiệu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.2 Một số file chính của Visual Editor . .<br />
9.3 Các menu chính . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.4 Hiển thị đồ họa của input file . . . . .<br />
9.5 Chỉnh sửa input file bằng Visual Editor<br />
9.5.1 Cửa sổ Surface . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.5.2 Cửa sổ cell . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.5.3 Khai báo vật liệu . . . . . . . .<br />
9.5.4 Khai báo importance . . . . . .<br />
9.5.5 Chuyển trục . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.6 Một số đồ họa 2D đặc trưng . . . . . .<br />
9.6.1 Hiển thị vết của hạt . . . . . .<br />
9.6.2 Đồ thị tally . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.6.3 Đồ thị tiết diện . . . . . . . . .<br />
9.7 Đồ họa 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<br />
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94<br />
<br />
MỤC LỤC<br />
<br />
9.7.1<br />
9.7.2<br />
<br />
Đặng Nguyên Phương<br />
<br />
Ảnh 3D Ray Tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94<br />
Ảnh động học . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96<br />
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Lời kết<br />
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99<br />
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Tài liệu tham khảo<br />
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100<br />
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A Bảng tính chất các nguyên tố<br />
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101<br />
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B Một số vật liệu thông dụng<br />
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105<br />
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C Bộ hệ số chuyển đổi thông lượng sang liều<br />
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110<br />
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D Ma trận quay trục tọa độ<br />
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111<br />
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4<br />
<br />
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