Lecture Introduction to Networks - Chapter 4: Network Access

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In chapter 4, students will be able to: Explain how physical layer protocols and services support communications across data networks, build a simple network using the appropriate, explain the role of the data link layer in supporting communications across data networks, compare media access control techniques and logical topologies used in networks.

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Nội dung Text: Lecture Introduction to Networks - Chapter 4: Network Access

Chapter 4: Network Access Introduction to Networks Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1
Chapter 4: Objectives Students will be able to:  Explain how physical layer protocols and services support communications across data networks.  Build a simple network using the appropriate.  Explain the role of the data link layer in supporting communications across data networks.  Compare media access control techniques and logical topologies used in networks. Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2
Chapter 4 4.1 Physical Layer Protocols 4.2 Network Media 4.3 Data Link Layer Protocols 4.4 Media Access Control 4.5 Summary Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3
Getting it Connected Connecting to the Network Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4
Getting it Connected Connecting to the Network Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5
Getting it Connected Network Interface Cards Connecting to the Wireless LAN with a Range Extender Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6
Purpose of the Physical Layer The Physical Layer Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7
Purpose of the Physical Layer Physical Layer Media Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8
Purpose of the Physical Layer Physical Layer Standards Standard Networking Standards organization • ISO 8877: Officially adopted the RJ connectors (e.g., RJ-11, RJ-45) ISO • ISO 11801: Network cabling standard similar to EIA/TIA 568. • TIA-568-C: Telecommunications cabling standards, used by nearly all voice, video and data networks. • TIA-569-B: Commercial Building Standards for Telecommunications EIA/TIA Pathways and Spaces • TIA-598-C: Fiber optic color coding • TIA-942: Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard for Data Centers ANSI • 568-C: RJ-45 pinouts. Co-developed with EIA/TIA ITU-T • G.992: ADSL • 802.3: Ethernet IEEE • 802.11: Wireless LAN (WLAN) & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification) • 802.15: Bluetooth Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9
Fundamental Principles of Layer 1 Physical Layer Fundamental Principles Physical Frame Encoding Signalling Media Components Technique Method • UTP • Manchester Encoding • Changes in the • Coaxial • Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) electromagnetic field • Connectors techniques • Intensity of the Copper • NICs • 4B/5B codes are used with electromagnetic field cable • Ports Multi-Level Transition Level 3 • Phase of the • Interfaces (MLT-3) signaling electromagnetic wave • 8B/10B • PAM5 • Single-mode Fiber • Pulses of light • A pulse equals 1. • Multimode Fiber • Wavelength multiplexing using • No pulse is 0. • Connectors different colors Fiber Optic • NICs cable • Interfaces • Lasers and LEDs • Photoreceptors • Access Points • DSSS (direct-sequence spread- • Radio waves Wireless • NICs spectrum) media • Radio • OFDM (orthogonal frequency • Antennae division multiplexing) Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10
Fundamental Principles of Layer 1 Bandwidth Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11
Fundamental Principles of Layer 1 Throughput Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12
Fundamental Principles of Layer 1 Types of Physical Media Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13
Network Media Copper Cabling Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14
Copper Cabling Characteristics of Copper Media Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15
Copper Cabling Copper Media Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable Coaxial cable Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16
Copper Cabling Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) Cable Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17
Copper Cabling Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) Cable Braided or Foil Shield Foil Shields Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18
Copper Cabling Coaxial Cable Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19
Copper Cabling Cooper Media Safety Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20