Nghiên cứu lựa chọn công nghệ xử lý nước thải mỏ than Na Dương

Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o<br /> <br /> <br /> - Ham lup'ng mangan (Mn)<br /> dao ddng t a 8,23 - 9,79 mg/l,<br /> v u p l QCVN ta 9,1-10,8 l i n .<br /> CONG NGHE XU' LY NlTdC THAI - Cac chi tieu cdn lai deu<br /> MO THAN NA DU'ONG dat QCVN.<br /> Nhu vay, qua sd lieu ve<br /> ON. BUI THANH HOANG hien trang nude thai md than<br /> KS. LA H O N G DIjrC Na Duong cd the rut ra nhan<br /> KS. LE THANH TUNG<br /> xet la cac chi tieu d nhilm dac<br /> Vign Khoa hgc Cdng nghg Md-Vinacomin<br /> trung, d n XLP ly trong nude<br /> Na Duong is one of the large open pit coal mines with its annual thai md than Na Duong gom<br /> productivity of about 600 thousand tons per year. The sewage pH, Fe va Mn.<br /> from the mine contains lots of pollutants with Fe, S and Mn Hien tai, md dang thuc<br /> contents much higher than limited standards. Recently,<br /> hien XLP ly theo cdng nghe<br /> coordinating with Na Duong coal mine, Institute of Mining<br /> Science and Technology (IMSAT) has studied and proposed trung hda nude thai vdi sua<br /> technological solutions for processing sewage from Na Duong vdi, lang can bang he thong<br /> coal mine hd lang, theo quy trinh nhu<br /> sau: Nude thai t a moong khu<br /> Md than Na Duong la md - Vinacomin da phdi hp-p vdi III via 4 dup'c bom len muong<br /> khai thac Ip thien, cdng s u i t Cdng ty than Na Duong d i n mac +280, tpi day, sua<br /> khai thac hien nay dat tren nghien cau thCp nghiem va de vdi dup'c thao trac tiep vao<br /> 600.000 t i n than/nam, da kien x u i t giai phap XLP ly nude thai ddng nude thai va hoa trdn tu<br /> se tang len 1.200.000 tIn/nam va da thu dup'c mdt sd ket nhien tren muong d i n vdi<br /> trong nhung nam tdi, than khai qua ban dau. chieu dai khoang tren 500 m<br /> thac chu yeu dup'c d p cho rdi vao hd lang sd 1, tiep theo,<br /> 1. Hipn trang nu'O'c thai dup'c d i n qua hd lang so 2,<br /> nha may nhipt dien Na Duong.<br /> va cdng nghp xu' ly mo than sau dd nude tran dup'c xa ra<br /> Ket qua theo ddi nhieu nam<br /> Na Cu'O'ng sudi Todng Gia. Khau d p sua<br /> cho thiy nude thai t a moong<br /> khai thac cua md Na Duong Hipn nay, nude thai md vdi vao x u ly dang dup'c tien<br /> la loai nude thai cd tinh c h i t d than Na Duong chu yeu la hanh bang each, dung bom<br /> nhilm r i t dac trung: tinh axit nude thai dup'c bom t u l i y nude t a dau xa nude<br /> cao (pH ta 2,U4,6); ham moong khu III via 4 len mac moong via 4 de hoa tan vdi<br /> lup'ng sat (Fe) vupt QCVN +280. C h i t lup'ng nude thai trong cac hd tdi vdi da dupe<br /> 24:2009/BTNMT (B) hang t u moong khu III via 4 dup'c chuan bj san thanh dung djch<br /> tram l i n ; ham lup'ng mangan the hien trong bang 1. So sua vdi sau dd cho chay vao<br /> (Mn) vupt QCVN sanh ket qua theo ddi c h i t muong d i n nude thai. Lup'ng<br /> 24:2009/BTNMT (B) hang lup'ng nude moong khu III via vdi nhieu hay it dup'c dieu<br /> chyc l i n . Ben canh dd, nude 4 vdi QCVN 24 :2009/BTNMT chinh bang kinh nghipm cua<br /> thudng cd mau dd nau do (B), ap dyng vdi gidi han ndng ngudi van hanh. Vdi phuong<br /> chaa nhieu sat (Fe) va luu dp tdi da cho phep (Cmax) phap van hanh nhu tren, hipn<br /> huynh (S) nen neu xa thai vao cho thiy: nay md chu yeu mdi chf kiem<br /> mdi tradng se gay anh hudng seat nude sau XLP ly ve dp<br /> - Nude thai cd tinh axit trong va gia tri pH kiem tra dat<br /> x l u den c h i t lup'ng va dp<br /> manh, gia tri dp pH dao ddng tren 5,5, cac gia tri khac<br /> mau cua nude sdng, sudi<br /> t u 2,1 - 2,36, khdng dpt thudng bien ddng r i t khd cd<br /> trong khu vac. Viec nghien<br /> QCVN (5,5 - 9). sd lipu de danh gia do tinh<br /> cau, laa chpn giai phap phu<br /> chit hoat dpng khdng on djnh<br /> hp'p x u ly nude thai md than - Ham lup'ng S i t (Fe) trong<br /> nude thai r i t cao, dao dpng t u cua hp thdng. Ngoai ra, khu<br /> Na Duong la het sac d n<br /> 473,36 - 498,05 mg/l, v u p l vuc cac hd hien tai nam trong<br /> thiet. Trong thdi gian qua,<br /> QCVN t u 105,19-110,67 l i n . pham vi m d rpng md, ddng<br /> Vipn Khoa hpc Cdng nghp Md<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> m KHCNM SO 1+2/2011* M 6 I TRlTClNG MO<br />  Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o<br /> <br /> <br /> Bang 1. Kit qui phan tich nw&c thii md than Na Dwang<br /> Nw&c thii moong khu III<br /> QCVN (B)<br /> via 4 md Na Dwang Cmax<br /> STT Cac thdng so Dan vj 24:2009/BTNMT<br /> Ngay lay mau<br /> 06/10/2008 22/8/2009<br /> 1 pH - 2,36 2,10 . 5,5^9<br /> 2 D6 cung toan phan mgCaCOa/l 730 1300 . .<br /> 3 BOD5 mg/l 27,0 20,5 45 50<br /> 4 COD mg/l 43,90 31,39 90 100<br /> 5 NO2-N mg/l 0,206 0,301 . .<br /> 6 NO3 mg/l 0,51 0,67<br /> 7 TDS mg/l 5270 5780 - -<br /> 8 TSS mg/l 68 60 90 100<br /> 9 SO?" mg/l 5.059,0 4.502 - .<br /> 10 Fe mg/l 473,36 498,05 4,5 5<br /> 11 Mn mg/l 9,79 8,23 0,9 1<br /> 12 AI mg/l 0,018 0,018 - -<br /> 13 PT mg/l 0,058 0,059 - -<br /> 14 Hg mg/l 0,0003 0,0003 0,009 0,01<br /> 15 Cd mg/l 0,0057 0,0068 0,009 0,01<br /> 16 Pb mg/l 0,0039 0,0047 0,045 0,5<br /> 17 As mg/l 0,0059 0,0066 0,09 0,1<br /> 18 Dau md mg/l 0,27 0,45 4,5 5<br /> 19 Conform MNP/IOOmI 120 206 - 5.000<br /> Ghi chu: - C max (ndng dd tdi da cho phdp cua cdc chSt trong nwdc thdi d6 vdo), Kq=0,9, Kf=1;<br /> - 2 ^ gid trj khdng dgt QCVN.<br /> thdi vj tri nay khdng dap ang nude thai cua md tang. Tinh NaaCOa, NaOH, ket hp'p giua<br /> dup'c viec thu gom XCP ly nude chit nude thai cua md than sua vdi va NaaCOa- Ket qua<br /> tap trung cua md trong giai Na Duong trong giai doan tdi xu ly thu nghipm trong phdng<br /> doan tdi va theo tdng the da dup'c da bao se khdng cd thi nghiem (bang 2) cho thiy:<br /> an. Do dd, de dap ung tieu bien ddng Idn, cac chi tieu d<br /> chuan xa thai, cdng suit xu ly nhilm duoc xac djnh la pH, - ThLP nghiem chi dung sua<br /> va quy hoach md d n phai TSS, Fe, Mn. vdi de dieu chinh pH va ket<br /> nghien cau giai phap xu ly hp'p chit keo ty.<br /> 2. Nghien ciru l^a chpn<br /> nude thai mdi phu hp'p. Vdi thLP nghipm nay giai<br /> cong nghp xCe ly phu hgp<br /> Theo da an cai tao, md quyet dup'c chi tieu pH cua<br /> Viec laa chpn cdng nghp<br /> rpng md than Na Duong len nude thai va cac chi tieu dac<br /> xu ly nude thai md than Na<br /> cdng suit 1,2 tripu tIn/nam, trung khac nhu Fe, Mn. Tuy<br /> Duong da dup'c Vien Khoa<br /> vdi thdi gian tdn tai md khoang nhien, xay ra hipn tuong tpo<br /> 50 nam dang dup'c xay dang hpc Cdng nghe Md<br /> can CaS04 sau 01 ngay luu<br /> cho thiy, lup'ng nude thai md Vinacomin xem xet tren quy<br /> bom ta cac khai tradng trong trinh chung ve xu ly nude thai nude. Do vay, neu chi SLP<br /> nhung nam tdi khoang 1.000 md cd tinh axit gdm 4 cdng dyng giai phap sua vdi lam<br /> m% va giai doan sau cd the doan chinh la: 1- trung hoa chit dieu chinh pH thi d n<br /> len tdi tren 2.000 m^/h. Do vay, nude thai; 2- d xi hoa sat va phai cd giai phap thuc diy<br /> khi dau tu xay dang he thdng mangan; 3- ling can; 4- XLP ly nhanh qua trinh hinh thanh<br /> XLP ly nude thai md se cd tinh bun. De laa chpn giai phap tdi<br /> den quy hoach de cd the nang uu, Vien da tien hanh nhieu ket tua CaS04, hoac phai cd<br /> cdng suit cua he thdng, du thi nghiem de laa chpn hoa hd luu nude dap ang thdi<br /> kha nang xu ly khi luu lup'ng chit trung hoa nhu sua vdi. gian phan ang.<br /> <br /> <br /> KHCNM SO 1+2/2011* MOI TRlTONG MO<br />  Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o<br /> <br /> <br /> Bang 2. Tong hap kit qui cic phwang phap thw nghiem xw ly nw&c thii md than Na Dwang<br /> trong phdng thi nghigm<br /> Cac thong sd c i n XCP ly<br /> TT Phu'O'ng phap thiP nghiem (gia trj trung binh 3 miu)<br /> <br /> Tmng hoa bing sua vdi + kdt bdng bing TSS (mg/l)<br /> Fe Mn<br /> 1 polime (400 ml m i u nude thai + 7ml dung djch pH Sau 1 Sau 24<br /> (mg/l) (mg/l)<br /> s&a vdi 10% + 0,1 mm dung djch N208 1%o) gid gid<br /> Nude trudc xu ly 2,3 477,24 7,67 54<br /> Nude sau xu ly 7,43 1,88 0,37 44 1758<br /> QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT (B) 5,5-9 4,5 0,9 90<br /> Trung hoa bing sua vdi + So da + kdt bdng TSS (mg/l)<br /> bing polime (400 ml m i u nude thai + 4,5ml Fe Mn<br /> 2 pH Sau 1 Sau 24<br /> dung djch sua vdi 10% +3,5 ml dung djch Na- (mg/l) (mg/l)<br /> 2CO3+ 0,1 mm dung djch N208 1%o) gid gid<br /> <br /> Nude trudc xu ly 2,1 498,1 8,23 60<br /> Nude sau xu ly 7,0 2,05 0,25 44,7 69<br /> QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT (B) 5,5-9 4,5 0,9 90<br /> Tmng hoa bing NaOH + ket bdng bing polime TSS (mg/l)<br /> Fe Mn<br /> 3 (400 ml mau nude thai + 0,05ml dung djch pH Sau 1 Sau 24<br /> (mg/l) (mg/l)<br /> NaOH 10% + 0,1 mm dung djch N208 1%o) gid gid<br /> Nude trudc xu ly 2,1 498,05 8,23 60<br /> Nude sau xu ly 7,0 2,18 0,21 43,4 43,4<br /> QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT (B) 5,5-9 4,5 0,9 90<br /> Trung hoa bing sua vdi + sd da + ket bdng TSS (mg/l)<br /> bing polime (400 ml m i u nude thai + 4,5ml Fe Mn<br /> 4 pH Sau 1 Sau 24<br /> dung djch sua vdi 10% +3,5ml dung djch (mg/l) (mg/l)<br /> Na2C03+ 0,1 mm dung djch N208 1%o) gid gid<br /> <br /> Nude trudc xu ly 2,1 477,2 7,67 54<br /> Nude sau xu ly 7,8 2,66 0,15 45,3 2220<br /> QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT (B) 5,5-9 4,5 0,9 90<br /> <br /> - Thu nghipm dung sua vdi dup'c ling ngay cung vdi cac ham lup'ng Fe, Mn cao d n<br /> ket hp'p vdi NaaCOa de dieu chit ran lung khac. phai ap dyng cac giai phap de<br /> chinh pH, ket hp'p chit keo ty. XLP ly rieng biet nhu syc khi<br /> - Thu nghipm dung NaOH hay su dyng cac chit dxi hoa<br /> Thu nghipm da giai quyet de dieu chinh pH ket hp'p chit nhu KMn04, Ozdn,...<br /> dup'c tit ca cac chi tieu d n keo ty.<br /> xu ly. Dac biet la giai quyet Tuy nhien, ddi vdi dac tinh<br /> Khi dung NaOH de dieu cua nude thai md than Na<br /> ducp'c vin de khdng sinh ra chinh pH cua nude thai md Duong trong qua trinh thu<br /> can ling Idn sau 24 gid xu ly, Na Duong, cung da giai quyet nghiem vdi cac loai hoa chit<br /> do sua vdi va Na2C03 deu la dup'c hau het cac chi tieu d trung hoa nhu: sua vdi, sua<br /> chit kiem, ngoai ra khi su nhilm ddng thdi khdng xuit vdi ket hp'p vdi Na2C03,<br /> dyng hdn hp'p nay se tao hien ket tua CaS04 cham. NaOH sau dd dung keo ty dk<br /> phan ang ket tua giua Ca^* va Ve khau dxi hoa Fe, Mn: lang can thi cac miu nude<br /> C03^" thanh CaC03, can nay Thdng thadng vdi dac thu cd thai dau ra deu cd gia tri Mn<br /> <br /> <br /> KHCNM S6 1+2/2011* M 6 I TRl/C>NG MO<br />  Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o<br /> <br /> <br /> Mircmg dan nu'dc thai<br /> tir moong<br /> <br /> <br /> I Dap tr^n<br /> <br /> Bom dinh<br /> luong<br /> <br /> B 4 pha dung B^ khudy trpn<br /> dich sCra vdi O sd1<br /> c<br /> <br /> i<br /> Be khuay trpn<br /> -3<br /> .Q<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> c<br /> C<br /> •0)<br /> <br /> <br /> sd2 .Q<br /> <br /> <br /> Be pha dung o<br /> djch polime o<br /> Bom bun<br /> I Be phan Cmg | .<br /> "V^^<br /> Thiet bi kiem soat c<br /> <br /> pH - Bom bun OQ<br /> B6 lang ngang I ^^-^<br /> Bom<br /> Be chira<br /> -C^ nu'O'c S9ch<br /> I BI n^n biin<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Si> dyng cho cac mgc Pha bam<br /> I Hd ling thij cdp I bun<br /> dich khac /^Bom<br /> <br /> Nu'