Religious value in Papua traditional dance: “Pangkur Sagu”

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This study aims to reveal and describe the religious values contained in the traditional “Pangkur Sagu” dance. The urgency and contribution of this research is in addition to efforts to preserve Papuan culture as well as to express the messages contained in a traditional dance so that it can be more appreciated.

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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 10, Issue 03, March 2019, pp. 1860-1866. Article ID: IJMET_10_03_188 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3 ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed RELIGIOUS VALUE IN PAPUA TRADITIONAL DANCE: “PANGKUR SAGU” Sri Winarsih Department of English Literature, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Universitas Musamus, Merauke, Indonesia Casimirus Andy Fenanlampir Department of English Language Education, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Universitas Musamus, Merauke, Indonesia ABSTRACT One effort to preserve and preserve a culture is to study it. Because through a study will give more understanding of the values contained in the culture. One of the interesting cultures in Papuan society is what is reflected in the traditional “Pangkur Sagu” dance. A ritual of sago which is packaged in a dance has the meaning and message implied in it, such as religious values. This study aims to reveal and describe the religious values contained in the traditional “Pangkur Sagu” dance. The urgency and contribution of this research is in addition to efforts to preserve Papuan culture as well as to express the messages contained in a traditional dance so that it can be more appreciated. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with three research objects namely the “Pangkur Sagu” dance itself, the head of the studio as an informant, and the synopsis of the “Pangkur Sagu” dance. The data collection technique uses triangulation techniques by combining disguised direct observation and semi- structured interviews and documentary manuscripts. The data analysis technique was carried out using an analysis model by Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data display, and verification. The results showed that there were four religious values contained in the “Pangkur Sagu” dance, namely; Thank God, Mutual Help, Obedience to Leaders, and Work for Life. In addition, the “Pangkur Sagu” dance reflects the identity of indigenous Papuans, especially the Marind tribe, that they hold on to the religious values implied in their culture. Keywords: nilai religi, “Pangkur Sagu”, papua, tarian tradisional Cite this Article Sri Winarsih and Casimirus Andy Fenanlampir, Religious Value in Papua Traditional Dance: “Pangkur Sagu”, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 10(3), 2019, pp. 1860-1866. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3 http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1860 editor@iaeme.com
Religious Value in Papua Traditional Dance: “Pangkur Sagu” 1. INTRODUCTION Indonesia has a variety of ecological communities that still maintain a strong cultural identity, one of which is the Papuan community. Papuan tribes are a Melanesian race that has physical characteristics of curly hair, black skin, and sharp nose. Quoting Somantri's statement (2008: 1) that the Papuan word itself comes from the Malay language which means curly hair, a picture that refers to the physical appearance of indigenous Papuans. In terms of naming, it is clear that Papuans have special physical characteristics that are different from other tribes in Indonesia. In addition, strong customs show the strong value of Papua's local wisdom, for example reflected in traditional houses, traditional dances, traditional customs, traditional ceremonies, languages and livelihoods. In an effort to preserve and preserve the existence of existing customs through cultural arts, Papuans have succeeded in passing on to generations of Papuans themselves and introducing them to the outside world even to foreign countries. Reported from the May 13, 2014 detik.com edition, Indonesian students who were studying in London had performed a traditional Papuan dance "Pangkur Sagu" with great fanfare at the Indonesian Culture Festival 2014 in Manchester along with the traditional Mendet Dance and Gending Sriwijaya dance. The dance "Pangkur Sagu" is a traditional Papuan dance that is often displayed at a celebration event. In Merauke, the dance "Pangkur Sagu" is often displayed in celebrations such as the People's Day performance in the city of Merauke or art performances in schools in the city of Merauke. One dance studio that plays an important role in the preservation of traditional dances of this kind is the Dahuke'he Papua dance studio which is located on the Garuda Spadem of Merauke. In addition to preserving through the existence of art studios, a culture can be preserved through a learning process such as studying or researching. This is like Siregar's statement (2002: 6) that culture obtained from learning is not biologically derived or inherited through unsurgenetics, so if it is not studied it will be destroyed. One way to learn it is to do a research. The results of his research will generate new knowledge as an insight enhancer that will be useful for many people as well as a way to preserve a culture and find the values contained in it. One of the important values to be explored in a traditional dance is religious value. Religious value according to Sjarkawi (2008: 31) is a value that comes from the belief in God that is in someone. Religious values become very important for humans because they are related to their relationship to God. Even today there are many efforts to instill religious values to the next generation of the nation, such as in the study of Sutrisno (2016), Sulistyawati (2017), and Irwanto (2018). The three studies are mostly carried out in the field of education with the aim of forming the character of students to have noble character and good character in the midst of an increasingly free flow of development. Based on the foregoing, researchers taking religious values in the traditional dance "Pangkur Sagu" is to explore the elements and religious messages in them that are not visible only by watching the dance with the eyes, but are explored through a study. In addition, according to Kuswarsantyo (2012: 18) through dance can realize an identity and character formation. Then it can be said that the dance art "Pangkur Sagu" can realize the identity of the Papuan people and shape the character through the values contained in it. So it is important to explore the religious values of this traditional dance. Later, the results obtained can be introduced to the next generation, especially the next generation of indigenous Papuans, one of which is through this article which describes the description of religious values in the traditional Papuan dance "Pangkur Sagu". http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1861 editor@iaeme.com
Sri Winarsih and Casimirus Andy Fenanlampir 2. METHODOLOGY This study uses descriptive qualitative conducted at Sanggar Dahuke'he Papua on the Garuda Spadem road in Merauke Regency from September 2018 to December 2018. Sanggar Dahuke'he Papua is one of the studios active in traditional dance performances at celebrations in Merauke city. as well as performing arts activities in schools, and dance training activities for scheduled members of the studio. With purposive sampling as a technique for determining respondents as sources of information (Betaubun et al., 2018a, 2018b; Elisabeth et al., 2018; Funnisia et al., 2018), researchers took a studio leader as an informant because it was someone who could provide information about the traditional dance "Pangkur Sagu" which is often displayed at the festival in Merauke. In addition to the informants, also supported by data in the form of video recording documentation also in the form of a synopsis of the dance "Pangkur Sagu". This study uses data collection techniques triangulation techniques, namely by using several data collection techniques for the same data source. 1. Observation; frankly and disguised 2. Interview; semitructured 3. Documentation; Synopsis script and video recording While the data analysis technique uses the Miles and Hubermen (1994) model. The model includes three activities, namely data reduction, data display, and verification. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1. Dance "Pangkur Sagu" The dance "Pangkur Sagu" is a traditional dance that shows the distinctive cultural characteristics of the Papuan people who narratively tell about their cultural activities, namely anchoring sago. Apart from the contents of dance, other arts are found in carvings on a distinctive body with Papuan carving, distinctive musical art with the sounds of traditional Papuan musical instruments, tifa, the art of singing that chants melodious Marind language, and the art of handicrafts that appear Head accessories. All elements in dance are art forms, ranging from movements, costumes, music and singing to other elements such as dance concepts, grooves, messages, and symbolic meanings. The dance "Pangkur Sagu" which is the object of research by researchers is the version of the Dahuke'he Studio which is based on Marind tribal culture. The Marind tribe is a native of Merauke. The dances performed by 8 dancers consisted of 4 male dancers and 4 female dancers for approximately 9 minutes. The role of the dancer is a man as the head who in the story acts as an Ondoafi, accompanied by a woman and 3 pairs of members who in the story act as citizens. 3.2. Religious Value Value according to Steeman in Sjarkawi (2008: 29) is something that is upheld which coloring and animating one's actions. This understanding shows that all acts of human horn are influenced by values in their lives. Whereas religion according to Mustari (2014: 1) is a character value in relation to God. He shows that one's thoughts, words, and actions are always pursued based on divine values and / or religious teachings. Both of these meanings can be defined that religious values are divine values that underlie one's thoughts, actions, and actions. Sjarkawi (2008: 31) adds that religious values are values derived from the belief in God that is in someone. With the existence of religious values, a person can think, say, and act according to his religious beliefs and teachings. Every person's belief / religion teaches and calls for http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1862 editor@iaeme.com
Religious Value in Papua Traditional Dance: “Pangkur Sagu” goodness like; worship, give thanks, help others, do good deeds and all good deeds according to the teachings of each religion are recommended. From the elaboration above, this study shows the results that in Papuan traditional dance "Pangkur Sagu", there are four (4) main religious values namely; Thank God, Gotong Royong, Obey Leaders, Make a living. 3.3. Thank God Religious elements are found in the dance "Pangkur Sagu" which is found in two scenes. First, the movement to pray to God before going to earn a living led by a dancer who acts as chairman (Ondoafi) at 3: 08-03: 45. Praying is the interaction of creatures to God that contain both asking / asking also to praise the greatness of God or thank God for what God has given. Then other religious values appear in the Nggatsi (Marind) movement. This movement is a typical Marind tribal movement that describes the movement united with the earth in the minutes 04: 36-05: 35. He described the sacred ritual which is basically an activity to whisper to the earth as an expression of gratitude to God for providing abundant food to survive on the face of the earth. Praying and whispering to the earth is a religious element that describes the expression of gratitude to God for the blessings obtained. Figure 1. The Leader Leads Prayer Before Going to Forest Figure 2. Nggatsi Move In addition to praying, the expression of gratitude is also reflected in the joy of getting food. This can be seen in the minutes to 08: 50-0912) that the dance movements are faster with more racing music and smiles on the faces of the dancers showing the joy of the Papuan people when they return from the garden / forest with results. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1863 editor@iaeme.com
Sri Winarsih and Casimirus Andy Fenanlampir Figure 3. Closing Move 3.4. Mutual cooperation Mutual cooperation is a form of cooperation between community groups to achieve a positive outcome from the goals to be achieved by consensus and mutual consultation. (Effendi, 2013: 5). According to the definition, in the dance "Pangkur Sagu" shows the value of mutual cooperation shown in the formation of group dancers and is shown in the overall duration of the dance from the beginning to the end of the activities of carrying sago together. In the dance, it appears that several people in the group carry out activities together to achieve the common goal of going to the garden to make a living. The whole series of activities are anchored in sago using the most common pieces found in the minutes of 06:55 to 07:45). Figure 4. Tilling Sagoo 3.5. Obey the Leader Obeying leaders is the teaching of all religions. If interpreted more broadly, obeying a leader can mean obedience to the authorities. The ruler can mean the ruler of all creatures and the whole universe, God. In addition the ruler can mean the leader of a country, the leader of a province, even the leader in the smallest scope, namely the head of the village / tribal chief. The figure of the leader called the Ondoafi in the dance "Pangkur Sagu" has been seen from the beginning of the dance performed from minutes 00:50. The opening of the dance was carried out by a dancer who acted as a leader who invited his citizens to go to the forest to find food and then followed by all the dancers who faithfully followed the Ondoafi. Then it appears that the pattern of life of the Papuan people is grouped under the leadership of a head called ondoafi. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1864 editor@iaeme.com
Religious Value in Papua Traditional Dance: “Pangkur Sagu” Figure 5. Leading the Group 3.6. Working for a living The order to work to make a living to make ends meet is certainly there in every religion. The activity of sago cage consists of a sequence of activities that have the same pattern, namely cutting down the sago trees, destroying the sago tree trunk, squeezing the sago and processing the sago flour extract. In the lives of Papuans, sago is a staple food. The sago flour that has been produced is then processed into ready-to-eat food, some even become a source of income for sale on the market. This is done to meet the needs of everyday life. The four religious values mentioned above are the results of a study that was examined from the traditional Papuan dance "Pangkur Sagu". As expressed by Kuswarsantyo (2012: 18) that through dance can realize an identity and character formation. Then it can be said that the dance art "Pangkur Sagu" can realize the identity of the Papuan people who have faith in God and respect for the universe. Thank God for providing food in the universe and working together to get it so that life on earth can take place safely and peacefully. 4. CONCLUSION This research reveals the religious values implied in a traditional dance that cannot be found simply by watching the dance performance, but with a deeper study. The traditional dance "Pangkur Sagu" is full of religious values and messages contained therein; Thank God, Mutual Help, Obedience to Leaders, and Work for Life. The four values are ordered by all religions and beliefs in the world. Thus it was concluded that the culture of indigenous Papuans, namely the Papuan Traditional Dance "Pangkur Sagu" reflects the identity of indigenous Papuans, especially the Marind tribe, that they hold religious values as a guideline for sustaining life. REFERENCES [1] Betaubun, M., Madya, S. and Margana, 2018a. Reconceptualization of English Learning in the Border Region of the Republic of Indonesia-Papua New Guinea, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(9), pp. 525–530. [2] Betaubun, M; Madya, S; Margana. 2018b. Description Of English Language Learning In The Border Of Merauke - Papua New Guinea, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(11), pp. 990–994. [3] Elisabeth Lia Riani Kore, Funnisia Lamalewa, Ari Mulyaningsih, 2018. The Influence of Promotion, Trust, and Convenience to Online Purchase Decisions, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 9(10), pp.77–83. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1865 editor@iaeme.com
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