Self-healing concrete: A potential smart material to apply for underground construction

This paper reviews healing materials, the self-healing process, and the mixing method of self-healing concretes using bacteria, mineral admixtures, and fibers. The bacteria such as Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pasteurii, and Bacillus subtilis can produce a calcareous product for healing exterior cracks through microbial metabolic processes.