Sidewalks in Hanoi today from a cultural perspective

This article shows that sidewalks in Hanoi provide both diverse and flexible livelihood spaces, open living spaces, specific social spaces, unique art spaces and as well as dynamic living memory spaces. At the same time, sidewalks are subject to multi-ownership and characterised by multifunctional spaces where multi-dimensional interactions between managers and people, and between people themselves take place. The above demonstrates the liveliness, diversity and complexity of the sidewalk cultural life. Sidewalks, therefore, play an extremely important role in the culture of Hanoi.