Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of Ho and Ni co-doped BiFeO3 materials

Pure BiFeO3 (BFO) and Bi1-xHoxFe0.97Ni0.03O3 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1) materials were synthesized by a sol-gel method. The influence of (Ho, Ni) co-doping on structural, magnetic and electrical properties of BFO materials were investigated by different techniques as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersion X-ray (EDX), Raman scattering, magnetic hysteresis (M-H) loops, and complex impedance spectra measurement. XRD results showed that all samples were crystallized in the rhombohedral structure with R3C space group.